Introduction to Programming Concepts

Questions and Answers

What is Input?

Data that are sent to a computer for processing by a program.

What does Program functionality refer to?

The behavior of a program during execution.

What is Output?

Any data that are sent from a program to a device.

What is the Purpose of a program?

The problem being solved or creative interest being pursued. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Program Code Statement?

A collection of program statements that are part of a program. Signup and view all the answers

What is a List?

An ordered sequence of elements. Signup and view all the answers

How can data be stored in a list?

Input into the list can be through an initialization or computation on other variables. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Collection type?

Aggregate or gathered elements in a single structure. Signup and view all the answers

What does List being used mean?

Using a list means the program is creating new data from existing data. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Student-developed procedure/algorithm?

Program code that is written by the student who submitted the response. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Procedure?

A named group of programming instructions that may have parameters and return values. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Parameter?

An input variable of a procedure, method, or function. Signup and view all the answers

What is an Algorithm?

A finite set of instructions that accomplish a specific task. Signup and view all the answers

What is Sequencing in programming?

The application of each step of an algorithm in the order given. Signup and view all the answers

What is Selection in an algorithm?

It determines which parts of an algorithm are executed based on a condition. Signup and view all the answers

What is Iteration?

A repetitive portion of an algorithm that repeats until a condition is met. Signup and view all the answers

What are Argument(s) in programming?

The value(s) of the parameter(s) when a procedure is called. Signup and view all the answers

What does Abstraction mean?

Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

What is procedural abstraction?

The concept that each unit of behavior should be wrapped in a procedure. Signup and view all the answers

What is top down design?

A programming style where design begins with complex pieces and divides them into smaller pieces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Input

Data sent to a computer for program processing can be tactile, audible, visual, or text.
Events associated with actions supply input data to programs.

Program Functionality

Refers to the behavior of a program during execution.
Describes user interactions with the program.

Output

Data sent from a program to a device comes in tactile, audible, visual, movement, or text forms.

Purpose

Defines the problem being solved or the creative interest pursued by the program.

Program Code Statement

A collection of program statements that are part of a program.
In text-based programming, statements are continuous within the same procedure.
In block-based programming, statements are contained in the same "Hat" block.

List

An ordered sequence of elements, allowing multiple related items to be represented as a single variable.
May be known as arrays or arraylists, depending on the programming language.

Data Storage in Lists

Input into lists can be initialized or computed from other variables or list elements.

Collection Type

Aggregate of elements in a single structure such as databases, hash tables, dictionaries, or sets.

List Usage

Creating new data from existing data or accessing multiple elements in the list.

Student-Developed Procedure / Algorithm

Program code written by students, either individually or collaboratively.
Includes calls to existing code or libraries but does not consider built-in event handlers as student-developed.

Procedure

A named group of programming instructions with possible parameters and return values.
Different programming languages may refer to this as a method or function.

Parameter

An input variable associated with a procedure, method, or function.

Algorithm

A finite set of instructions designed to accomplish a specific task.
Can be constructed using sequencing, selection, and iteration.

Sequencing

Execution of each step of an algorithm in the order given in code statements.

Selection

Determines which parts of an algorithm to execute based on true or false conditions.
Try/exception statements exemplify selection statements.

Iteration

Repetitive portion of an algorithm that loops until a condition is met or a specified number of times is reached.
Recursion is a form of iteration.

Argument(s)

Values of parameters when a procedure is invoked.

Abstraction

Reducing information to focus on essential characteristics, a critical concept in object-oriented programming.
Aims to manage complexity by hiding unnecessary details from users, allowing for more intricate logic development.

Procedural Abstraction

The principle of encapsulating units of behavior within a procedure.

Top-Down Design

A programming style that begins by specifying complex components and then subdividing into smaller pieces.
Main procedure identifies all major functions needed, with subsequent requirements examination for each function through repeated processes.

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Description

This quiz covers fundamental programming concepts such as input, output, program functionality, and code statements. It also explores data structures like lists and their roles in storing data. Test your understanding of these essential programming ideas.