Introduction to Poisons Quiz

Harmful effects on vital organs after absorption into the bloodstream following local action.

The ways a substance enters the body, including oral, intravenous, subcutaneous, skin absorption, and inhalation.

Measures the dose-response relationship of a substance, measured frequently using LD50, LC50, and TLV.

Rapid onset of poisoning due to a high dose or frequent small doses.

Poisoning that develops gradually over a long period of time, leading to progressive tissue damage.

Median Lethal Dose - the dose required to kill half the test population.

Median Lethal Concentration - the concentration of a substance required to kill half the test population.

Toxic effects categorized as pharmacological, pathological, genotoxic, acute, chronic, immediate, delayed, direct, or indirect.

Damage to the mucous membranes or tissues at the point of contact with a poison.

Chemical burning caused by a substance like acids or bases.

Poisoning that affects the body's organs after the poison is absorbed.

Factors affecting how quickly a poison enters the bloodstream.

How easily a substance dissolves in the body's fluids.

Unintentional ingestion or exposure to a poisonous substance.

Intentional poisoning with the purpose of killing another person.

Evidence based on events that suggest poison was involved.

Evidence of poisoning found after a body is examined.

Testing substances to identify a poison in samples.

A test for the presence of halogens (chlorine, etc.) in a substance.

Symptoms of poisoning that can be seen in the blood, like changes in its properties or colour.

Changes in breath smell that may indicate poisoning.

Changes in skin color as a possible sign of poisoning.

Visual characteristics of vomit that could suggest a poisonous substance.

A process where repeated exposure to a drug (especially for chain smokers and alcoholics) increases the production of enzymes in the liver. This can lead to faster drug metabolism and reduced effectiveness of the drug.

When the body adapts to a substance (like nicotine or alcohol) and needs a larger dose to achieve the same effect. This happens because the body can break down the substance faster.

An unusual reaction to a drug due to genetic mutations, leading to a lack of enzymes that normally metabolize the drug, potentially resulting in toxicity.

Poisons that build up in the body over time, eventually reaching a level that triggers harmful effects.

Substances that cause local damage to tissues by burning or destroying them. They are not usually considered poisonous when diluted.

Substances that are highly toxic and have no medicinal value. They can cause serious harm or death even in small amounts.

Substances that become more toxic as the dose increases. They can cause a gradual increase in the intensity of their effects.

These factors can influence how the body absorbs, distributes, and metabolizes a substance. For example, someone with a compromised immune system may be more susceptible to poisoning.