Introduction to Pharmacology for Veterinary Technicians
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Questions and Answers

What can lead to a false expectation that all patients will respond positively to treatment?

  • Regular updates on drug efficacy
  • Thorough patient history evaluations
  • Using a variety of drugs for patients
  • Familiarity with a small group of drugs (correct)

    • Which of the following terms describes reasons for NOT using a drug?

  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Contraindications (correct)
  • Indications
  • Pharmacokinetics

    • Which method of drug selection relies on clinical experience rather than laboratory results?

  • Symptomatic
  • Prescriptive
  • Empirical (correct)
  • Diagnostic

    • What do the terms pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics primarily refer to?

    <p>The effects of drugs on the body and their journey through it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ingredients are typically used as binders or preservatives in pharmaceutical products?

    <p>Inactive ingredients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT an accepted justification for veterinary drug compounding?

    <p>Cost savings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to use a Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD)?

    <p>A valid Veterinary Patient Client Relationship (VPCR) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about compounded drugs is accurate?

    <p>Compounded trilostane is less expensive than FDA approved Vetoryl®. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Minor Use and Minor Species Animal Health Act (MUMS)?

    <p>To ensure the availability of approved drugs for less common species. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In veterinary practice, compounded drugs are often used for what primary reason?

    <p>Economic benefits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Department of Agriculture with regard to biologics?

    <p>Regulating the development and approval of biologics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step immediately follows the clinical trials in the drug development process?

    <p>New animal drug application submission to the FDA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) regulate?

    <p>The legality of extra label drug use under specific conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the FDA's tightening of rules regarding extra label use of drugs significant for veterinarians?

    <p>It made all extra label use illegal, complicating treatment options. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the defining conditions under which the FDA permits compounding of veterinary drugs?

    <p>Legitimate veterinary medical need (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'extra label use' in veterinary medicine?

    <p>Using a drug in a manner not specified on the label (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publication lists all drugs approved by the FDA for safety and efficacy?

    <p>The Green Book (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential aspect of the FDA's product monitoring process?

    <p>Ensuring the long-term safety and effectiveness of drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following names for a drug refers to its molecular structure?

    <p>Chemical name (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the FDA's requirement for drug labels to display a withdrawal time for drugs intended for animals consumed by humans?

    <p>To protect human consumers from potential drug residues in the animal's tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following federal agencies is responsible for regulating the development and approval of animal topical pesticides?

    <p>EPA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a generic name and a trade name for a drug?

    <p>Generic names are not exclusive to a particular company and can be used by other manufacturers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug name is typically used in scientific research and development?

    <p>Code name (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a requirement for drug labels as mandated by the FDA?

    <p>Drug's chemical structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the meaning of "idiosyncratic drug reactions"?

    <p>Reactions that are unusual, unexpected, or unpredictable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration of the testing phase for a new animal health product before it is approved for use?

    <p>7-10 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What statement is required on drugs approved for use under the supervision of a veterinarian?

    <p>Caution: Federal law restricts the use of this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions must be met for the use of a prescription drug?

    <p>There must be a valid Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship (VCPR). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicates the use of a drug in a way not designated on its label?

    <p>Extra label drug use (ELDU). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a labeled drug be bypassed for treatment?

    <p>When there is no other labeled drug for the intended indication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines over-the-counter (OTC) drugs?

    <p>Drugs without significant potential for toxicity or special administration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a veterinary technician when administering drugs?

    <p>Prescribing medication to patients. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should technicians address unclear orders for medication?

    <p>Consult the veterinarian for clarification. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse drug reaction?

    <p>An undesirable response caused by the drug, its quality, or dosage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes veterinarians from physicians regarding drug responsibilities?

    <p>Veterinarians prescribe and dispense drugs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about internet pharmacies is true?

    <p>Internet pharmacies may sell drugs without a valid VCPR. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the VIPPS designation?

    <p>To certify that internet pharmacies are licensed and operating legally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are controlled substances distinguished by?

    <p>Their classification into categories based on the risk of abuse. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common practice for veterinarians concerning pharmaceuticals?

    <p>Using licensed distributors as a primary source for drugs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are drugs classified when they present an extreme risk of abuse?

    <p>C-I drugs without approved medical use. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a drawback of using feed companies for purchasing veterinary drugs?

    <p>They cannot sell drugs that require a prescription. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might veterinarians' dispensing practices be declining due to competition?

    <p>More online pharmacies are offering competitive prices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Pharmacology

    • Veterinary technicians are crucial to animal healthcare, administering drugs as directed by veterinarians
    • Mistakes in drug administration can lead to serious consequences
    • Comprehensive knowledge of veterinary drugs is essential

    What Technicians Cannot Do

    • Diagnose
    • Prognose
    • Prescribe medications
    • Initiate treatment (exceptions exist in some states for emergencies)
    • Perform surgery

    Importance of Pharmacology

    • Pharmacology is the study of drug behavior in the body
    • Veterinary technicians apply this knowledge clinically
    • Recognizing how a drug affects the patient's physiology is vital for understanding potential adverse effects

    Rules for Safe Drug Use

    • All drugs are potentially harmful and beneficial
    • Drug selection, dosage, and administration method affect safety
    • No drug is a guaranteed cure; weighing positive and negative effects is essential
    • Medication responses vary among animals based on factors such as gender, breed, age, disease, genetics, and environment
    • Drug dosages are estimated, not precise; based on the response of a group of animals

    Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship (VCPR)

    • The VCPR is central to interactions between veterinarians, clients, and patients
    • Veterinarians assume responsibility for animal health and treatment decisions-Clients agree to follow veterinarian's instructions
    • Veterinarians must have adequate knowledge of the patient to make a preliminary diagnosis
    • Veterinarians must be readily available for follow-up in case of adverse reactions

    Drug Sources

    • Drugs originate from various sources (plant, mineral, bacteria/molds)
    • Plants contain alkaloids, glycosides, gums, and oils
    • Minerals provide components like potassium, sodium, and chloride
    • Some bacteria and molds produce antibiotics and anthelmintics

    Pharmacotherapeutics

    • Veterinarians diagnose and determine treatment plans based on factors like history, physical exams, lab tests, and diagnostic procedures
    • Drugs are selected based on one of three methods: diagnostic, empirical, or symptomatic
    • Specific treatment regimens, routes, dosage, frequency, and duration are necessary

    Prescription Drugs

    • The FDA regulates drugs with potential toxicity or those needing trained personnel for safe administration
    • Drugs labeled for "veterinary use only" or "sold only to veterinarians" are prescription drugs
    • Veterinary use of drugs not explicitly labeled depends on the responsibility of the veterinarian

    Controlled Substances

    • Certain drugs pose a risk for abuse or dependence; regulated by the DEA
    • Technicians must be aware of right drug, dose, route, time, and patient to administer the medication correctly, avoiding errors
    • Accurate record-keeping of controlled substances is vital to comply with regulations and prevent misuse

    Drug Development

    • Federal regulations govern new animal health product safety and efficacy
    • The development process includes extensive, costly animal testing.

    Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA)

    • Effectively legalized extra-label drug use in veterinary medicine under specific conditions
    • Extensively regulates extra-label drug use

    Compounding of Veterinary Drugs

    • Compounding involves manipulating drugs for a specific patient.
    • Compounding is sometimes necessary due to the wide variety of species and clinical conditions. Specific conditions must exist before compounding can be legal

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    Intro to Pharmacology PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the essential role of veterinary technicians in drug administration and the importance of pharmacology in animal healthcare. It covers safe drug use practices, the limitations of technicians, and the critical knowledge necessary to avoid mistakes. Test your understanding of how pharmacology affects patient care and safety.

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