Introduction to Pharmacology: Definition and Basics
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Questions and Answers

Where does the majority of drug absorption take place due to the anatomical structure?

  • Stomach
  • Small intestine (correct)
  • Large intestine
  • Liver
  • What is the principal site of drug metabolism?

  • Lung
  • Kidney
  • Stomach
  • Liver (correct)
  • What is the study of substances used to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease called?

  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Medical pharmacology (correct)
  • Toxicology
  • What is the process by which drugs diffuse or are transferred from intravascular space to extravascular space called?

    <p>Distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation of the individual’s genetic makeup to his or her response to specific drugs called?

    <p>Pharmacogenomics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of pharmacology?

    <p>The study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can drugs be obtained?

    <p>Through synthetic chemicals, plants, animals, or genetic engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best defines a drug?

    <p>A substance that brings about a change in biologic function through its chemical actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of altering the DNA in an organism’s genome known as?

    <p>Genetic engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a chemical substance of known structure that produces a biological effect when administered to a living organism?

    <p>Drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration is considered the safest, most common, convenient, and economical method?

    <p>Oral administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do most drugs absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract enter before they are distributed into the general circulation?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major site for drug absorption due to its larger absorptive surface in the alimentary canal?

    <p>Duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration has pathways involved in absorption considered the most complicated?

    <p>Oral administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that some drugs undergo in the liver, where they may be extensively metabolized before entering the systemic circulation?

    <p>First-pass metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using the rectal route for drug administration?

    <p>Prevents destruction of the drug in the gastrointestinal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is parenteral administration used for certain drugs?

    <p>To introduce drugs directly into the systemic circulation for drugs that are poorly absorbed from the GI tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration is effective and convenient for patients with respiratory disorders?

    <p>Oral inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using intrathecal/intraventricular routes of drug administration?

    <p>Introduces drugs directly into the cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are drugs that are gases administered via inhalation?

    <p>To provide rapid delivery of the drug across the large surface area of the respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

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