Introduction to Pathophysiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does pathophysiology refer to?

  • Physiological changes in the body due to the disease process (correct)
  • Obvious changes in the body due to the disease process
  • Changes in the body that maintain homeostasis
  • Healthy changes in the body due to disease

What factors can influence the normal limits of the body?

  • Gender and ethnicity
  • Age, genetics, and environment (correct)
  • Diet and exercise
  • Social status and education level

What is the typical range for a healthy heart rate?

  • 40-60
  • 100-140
  • 80-120
  • 60-100 (correct)

What is pathophysiology?

<p>Functional changes in the body due to disease process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to the development of disease according to the text?

<p>Significant changes in the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can impact the normal limits of the body according to the text?

<p>Age, genetics, environment, and activity level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are pathophysiological changes?

<p>Functional or physiologic changes in the body due to disease process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why may pathophysiological changes be hidden?

<p>They may occur at the cellular level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can affect the normal limits of pathophysiological changes?

<p>Age, genetics, and environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pathophysiology?

<p>The study of structural changes in the body due to disease process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to the development of disease according to the text?

<p>Genetics, environment, and activity level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the normal limits of pathophysiological changes influenced by?

<p>Age and gender (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the three-stage research process mentioned in the text?

<p>To identify technology that will limit or prevent the disease process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of regulatory bodies like the FDA in the research process?

<p>To review data and approve treatments if found safe and effective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes evidence-based research findings as per the text?

<p>They identify technology to limit or prevent the disease process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for using ID numbers instead of patients' names in research studies?

<p>To maintain confidentiality and conceal who is receiving the placebo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus in health care according to the text?

<p>Preventing diseases and injuries through wellness checks and vaccinations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can pathophysiological changes be hidden, according to the text?

<p>When they are obvious at the cellular level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do CDC & P primarily focus on, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Preventing spread of infections and recommending ways to prevent them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of tertiary prevention, based on the text?

<p>Managing long-term health problems like diabetes and chronic pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pathophysiology refer to?

<p>The study of functional changes in the body due to disease processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What range do normal limits adjust to according to the text?

<p>Ranges from lower to higher and adjust for various factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what range is a healthy heart rate according to the text?

<p>$60-100$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the recovery and return to normal after an illness or injury?

<p>Convalescence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the occurrence of a higher than expected number of disease cases in a certain area?

<p>Epidemic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call new secondary or additional problems that arise as a result of a disease?

<p>Complications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of slowing the progression or promoting recovery from a disease?

<p>Therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the probability or likelihood of recovery from a disease?

<p>Prognosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe the unwanted outcomes of the primary condition, such as paralysis after a stroke?

<p>Sequelae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of stopping a clinical trial in rare cases?

<p>If there is a significant difference between mortality of experimental group and control group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a drug being used 'off label' by doctors?

<p>Thalidomide for treatment of malignancies like multiple melanoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What legal and ethical issues are associated with clinical trials?

<p>Ensuring the safety and well-being of trial participants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'idiopathic' refer to in the context of disease diagnosis?

<p>Cause unknown (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'prodromal' mean in relation to disease manifestation?

<p>Early in the disease, becoming aware of some signs and symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diagnostic tests assist in the diagnosis of diseases?

<p>X-rays, CT, MRI (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of 'latent' in relation to diseases?

<p>No obvious signs or symptoms but pathological change may be occurring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'subclinical' refer to in the context of disease manifestation?

<p>'No obvious signs or symptoms' but pathological change may be occurring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of quality control in medical testing laboratories?

<p>'Guarantee accurate test results' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pathogenesis' refer to in the context of disease characteristics?

<p>'Development or sequence of events involved in tissue changes' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using ID numbers instead of patients' names in research studies?

<p>To ensure confidentiality of participants' medical records (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CDC and WHO with regard to cervical cancer and HPV?

<p>Track data and emerging diseases related to cervical cancer and HPV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of CDC & P, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Collecting data and recommending ways to prevent spread of infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the unwanted outcomes of the primary condition, such as paralysis after a stroke?

<p>Sequelae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes evidence-based research findings as per the text?

<p>They are driven by scientific evidence and clinical expertise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of 'latent' in relation to diseases?

<p>Presence without clinical symptoms for a period of time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another (less mature) cell type called?

<p>Metaplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biochemical theme is important in understanding cell injury and cell death, regardless of the reason for the injury?

<p>ATP depletion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the single most common cause of cellular injury due to lack of sufficient oxygen?

<p>Ischemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic change in heart muscle occurs within 1 minute after blood supply is interrupted?

<p>Pallor and difficulty contracting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main symptom of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

<p>Sudden chest pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cellular changes are associated with aging according to the text?

<p>Reduced synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximal life span for humans according to the text?

<p>80-100 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do women typically outnumber men in terms of life expectancy, based on the text?

<p>65 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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