Network Prog CH 1: Introduction

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Questions and Answers

What is an important characteristic of Python regarding memory management?

Uses automatic memory management (correct)

Forces garbage collection on every object

Requires manual memory allocation

Supports only static memory allocation

Which of the following best describes a property of Python's language structure?

Uses curly braces to define block structures

Utilizes indentation for block structure (correct)

Employs case-sensitive variable names only

Requires semicolons at the end of statements

What feature does Python use to handle exceptions?

Integral exception handling mechanism (correct)

Static scoping

No native support for exceptions

Manual error handling

What dynamic feature does Python support?

Polymorphism Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Python is true regarding its platform independence?

Works on multiple platforms without needing changes Signup and view all the answers

In the context of variable resolution in Python, what does static scoping mean?

Variables resolve outside their local function scope Signup and view all the answers

What command in vim is used to save the file and quit the editor?

:wq Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid comment type in Python?

Multi-line with double slashes // Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of executing the command 'python -i script.py'?

It runs the script and allows access to variables defined in the script. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a feature of Python syntax that differentiates it from C?

Uses whitespace for defining blocks Signup and view all the answers

How does Python handle multi-line comments?

Using triple single quotes ''' Signup and view all the answers

What suffix do Python files typically have?

.py Signup and view all the answers

Which of these data types is NOT considered a simple data type in Python?

Dictionary Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the command 'print(0 > 5)' in Python?

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the course goals for the network programming course?

Implement single and multi‐threaded peers, clients, and servers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the hands-on assignments in the course?

Preparing the development environment and understanding Python basics. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following programming concepts is covered in the course?

Data types and control flows. Signup and view all the answers

What will students be able to implement by the end of this course?

UDP and TCP connections using sockets. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of network programming is emphasized in the course regarding application development?

Implementing inter‐process, concurrent, and synchronized applications. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Python compared to other languages like Java?

Code is generally 5-10 times more concise Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason to learn Python?

It is difficult to understand Signup and view all the answers

In which area is Python commonly utilized?

System management and scripting Signup and view all the answers

What type of data structures does Python provide?

Strings, lists, dictionaries, and more Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Python is accurate?

Comments in Python start with‘#’ Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of using Python with Java?

JPython allows integration of both languages Signup and view all the answers

How do you start using python interactively?

Enter 'python' in the command line Signup and view all the answers

What command is used to run a Python script from the terminal?

python ./myprogram.py Signup and view all the answers

What does the method `upper()` do to the string?

Converts all characters in the string to uppercase. Signup and view all the answers

What does the `count(s)` method return?

The total number of times the substring appears in the string. Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the following code snippet: `quote.find('small')`?

Returns ‐1. Signup and view all the answers

What does the `rfind(s)` method do?

Finds the last occurrence of the specified substring. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when `index(s)` cannot find the specified substring?

It raises a ValueError exception. Signup and view all the answers

What will the following code print? `print(quote.find('course'))`

22 Signup and view all the answers

When using the method `capitalize()`, what is the expected output for the string 'this should be capitalize!'?

This should be capitalize! Signup and view all the answers

What will the result be if `quote.find('is,') != -1` evaluates to false?

It prints 'Doesn't contain substring'. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Network Programming

This course introduces network programming using Python.
The curriculum covers Python basics, data types, control flows, and object-oriented programming.
Hands-on exercises are incorporated to enhance learning.
Course goals include understanding networking software on different levels, network paradigms, using sockets for UDP and TCP connections, and implementing concurrent, inter-process, and synchronized applications.
Recommended textbooks and additional reading materials are provided for further study.

Course Schedule (Tentative)

Week 1: Setting up the development environment using VMware and introducing Python basics.
Week 4: Exploring Python data types, including strings, lists, and dictionaries.
Week 5: Learning about functions and classes in Python.
Week 8: Working with files and classes in Python.
Week 9: Understanding network addresses, TCP, and UDP sockets.
Week 10: Multi-threading socket programming.
Week 11: Introduction to application protocols (part 1).
Week 12: Introduction to application protocols (part 2).

Course Assessment

Lab Assignments (Weeks 6-8): 25% of the final grade.
Midterm Exam (Week 8-9): 30% of the final grade, dates are subject to university guidelines.
Final Exam (Weeks 15-16): 45% of the final grade, dates are subject to university guidelines.

What is Python?

Python is an object-oriented, interpreted programming language.
It's platform-independent and supports dynamic data types.
Python prioritizes development time, is simple and easy to learn with an automatic memory management system.
It's free and open-source.

Python Timeline

Python was developed by Guido van Rossum during a holiday break in 1989.
Its design took inspiration from the Monty Python's Flying Circus.
The first public release was in 1991.
Python moved to its own domain python.org in 1996/1997.
Version 2.0 was released in 2000.
Python Software Foundation was formed in 2001.
Current version is 3.8.x.

Python Language Properties

Everything in Python is an object.
Python provides modules, classes, and functions.
Exception handling is built-in.
Dynamic typing and polymorphism are supported.
Operator overloading is possible.
Code blocks are defined via indentation.
Static scoping is used for variable resolution.

Python Syntax Overview

Python syntax is generally similar to that of C.
Notably, it uses whitespace for code blocks, eliminating the need for curly braces.
Python has specific keywords and a richer feature set.
Type declarations are not needed.

Simple Data Types and Operators

Python has several built-in data types, like integers, floating-point numbers, and complex numbers.
Strings are also fundamental data types.
Boolean type has two values: True and False.
Operators (arithmetic, assignment, etc.) operate similarly to C, with some distinctions in semantics.

Strings and Formatting

Python has powerful string manipulation capabilities, including concatenation, indexing, and slicing.
print() offers formatting options using placeholders and special characters, such as escape sequences for newlines and tabs.

Python Escape Characters

Escape sequences allow for special characters within strings.
Characters are prefixed with a backslash.

Variables (in Python)

Python variables don't require explicit declaration.
They are created when assigned a value.
Python is not strongly-typed; variable types are dynamically determined.
Assignment manipulates references in some data types.

List Example - References/Mutability

In Python, when you assign one list to another (e.g., b = a), it doesn't create a copy but merely creates a new reference to the original list. Any changes made to one list through that reference affect the original list.
It is crucial in assignments to be careful about whether or not you are working with a copy.

Running Python Programs

To run Python scripts, you can use the python command followed by the script name and .py extension.
Alternatively, the -i flag allows interactive execution. To run a script you would type: $ python myprogram.py or $ python -i myprogram.py
File naming conventions (and why you append .py)
- myprogram.py – Python Script or module.
- myprogram (no extension) – Executable script run from the command line, if you have created a proper script with a shebang (e.g. #!/usr/bin/env python3 ).

Helpful Vim Commands

vim filename: Opens an existing file, or creates a new file.
i: Enters insert mode to add text.
:wq: Writes the file and leaves the editor.
:q!: Leaves the editor without saving.
:help: Accesses Vim's help system.

Python's Interactive Mode

Starting Python in interactive mode (commonly just called 'the interpreter')
- You can use the interpreter by typing python into the command line (depending on your operating system, this may vary)
- Once inside you can type commands on a line and immediately see the result
- Type ^D (control-D) to exit

Interactive Mode and Comments

Use # for single line comments.
Comments should be placed on the same line (line as text) as the code, for easier identification.
>>> is the interpreter prompt.

Python Programming - Continued

Python programming builds upon the foundation of these data types and operators, which aid in building control structures (like loops and conditionals) to create more sophisticated programs.
The core data structures (like Lists and Dictionaries) and relevant functions (e.g., append, insert, count, etc.) can be used to build programs in a more targeted fashion.

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Description

This quiz assesses knowledge gained from the Introduction to Network Programming course using Python. It covers essential topics such as Python basics, data types, control flows, and the implementation of networking protocols including TCP and UDP. Practical exercises and concurrent programming concepts are also included in the curriculum.