APIs, Network Programming & Web Services
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Questions and Answers

When interacting with internet assets using Python, which library is commonly used for making HTTP requests to APIs?

  • `socket`
  • `Beautiful Soup`
  • `paramiko`
  • `requests` (correct)

Which of the following is a key consideration when working with internet protocols and APIs?

  • Optimizing for memory usage on the local machine.
  • Ensuring compatibility with all operating systems.
  • Minimizing the number of dependencies in the project.
  • Utilizing secure connections and data transmissions. (correct)

For establishing secure socket connections in Python, which library is most suitable?

  • `socket` with SSL/TLS wrappers
  • `Beautiful Soup`
  • `requests`
  • `paramiko` (correct)

When developing network-related applications in Python that interact with external APIs, what factor related to internet service most commonly affects performance?

<p>Upload bandwidth, as it limits the rate of sending requests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following applications benefits the most from using Beautiful Soup?

<p>Developing a web scraping tool to extract data from websites. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of an API?

<p>To provide rules and protocols for software applications to interact with each other. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of REST architecture?

<p>It is based on Representational State Transfer and often uses HTTP methods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Web Services in the context of machine-to-machine interaction?

<p>To facilitate communication and data exchange between different software systems or devices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which HTTP method is typically used to request data from an API without modifying it?

<p>GET (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is mentioned as being used to exchange structured information in Web Services?

<p>SOAP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of API interactions, what is the significance of implementing robust error handling?

<p>To provide a better user experience by gracefully managing unexpected issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before making API requests in Python, which library is essential to load?

<p><code>requests</code> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pip install?

<p>To install and manage Python packages and libraries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A developer needs to send data to an API to create a new resource. Which HTTP method should they typically use?

<p>POST (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the set of rules and specifications that software programs can follow to communicate with each other?

<p>API (Application Programming Interface) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an API uses REST principles, how do clients and servers typically exchange information?

<p>By exchanging state representations over HTTP. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an HTTP status code of 200 typically indicate in the context of an API call?

<p>The API call was successfully processed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using 'try-except' blocks when making API calls?

<p>To handle potential errors and exceptions that may occur during the API call. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do many APIs require an API key for access?

<p>To uniquely identify and authenticate the application or user making the request. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'rate limiting' in the context of APIs and why is it used?

<p>A restriction on the number of API requests a user can make within a certain timeframe, used to prevent abuse and maintain service quality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data format has become the de facto standard for API responses and general data interchange on the internet, supplanting XML?

<p>JSON (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pagination' in the context of API data retrieval, and why is it used?

<p>A process of dividing large datasets into smaller, more manageable chunks (pages) for easier retrieval. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When making API calls, what information is typically included alongside your request to authenticate your access?

<p>An API key and sometimes a password, obtained when you sign up for an account on their website. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After installing an external library for making API requests, what command is used in the code to enable its functionalities?

<p><code>import request</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Server Forever

A method to keep a server running indefinitely, handling incoming requests continuously.

Requests Library

A popular Python library used for making HTTP requests.

Secured Socket (SSH)

A secured and encrypted connection, often used for sensitive data transmission.

Web Scraping

Building automated programs that extract data from websites.

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Beautiful Soup

A Python library simplifies web scraping by parsing HTML and XML.

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Secure Connections

Ensuring connections are secure and data transmissions are encrypted.

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Performance Optimization

Optimizing code to run efficiently when making calls over a network.

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Web Services

Machine-to-machine interactions, often used in IOT applications for exchanging structured information.

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API

Rules and protocols for interacting with other software applications.

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REST

An architectural style for building networked applications, often used for APIs.

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HTTP Methods

Methods for transferring data over the internet.

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GET (HTTP Method)

Used to retrieve data from a server.

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POST (HTTP Method)

Used to send data to a server to create or update a resource.

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Requests Library (Python)

A Python library used for making HTTP requests.

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pip install

A package installer for Python.

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Anaconda Distribution

A distribution of Python that includes many popular data science and machine learning libraries.

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Import Requests

A Python library used to make HTTP requests to web servers.

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JSON Data

A standard data format for API responses and internet transactions.

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HTTP Status Codes

A code returned by a server indicating the status of a request (e.g., 200 for success, 404 for not found).

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API Key

A code required to access an API, usually obtained upon signing up for the service.

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Try-Except Blocks

Blocks of code used to handle potential errors or exceptions when making API calls.

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Rate Limiting

Limiting the number of requests a user can make to an API within a certain time frame.

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Pagination

Dividing large data sets into smaller, more manageable parts to be returned over multiple requests.

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Study Notes

  • This week focuses on working with APIs, network programming, and web services, transitioning from local computer projects to programming across the internet.

Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)

  • APIs provide rules and protocols for interacting with other software applications.
  • Many vendors have their own APIs.
  • An example is using an API to interface directly with BigCommerce to pull data on orders.
  • Another example is tying credit card processing to Authorize.Net using its API.

REST (Representational State Transfer)

  • REST is a popular architecture that gained exposure over the last 5-10 years.
  • It relies on HTTP calls using old HTTP methods.

Making API Requests in Python

  • The requests library is used to make API requests in Python.
  • Use pip install at the command line to install the library.
  • Import the installed library using import requests.
  • A JSON response is received and printed using response.json()
  • It's good to check the status of the call by looking at the return.

HTTP Status Codes

  • 200 indicates a successful call.
  • 404 indicates the resource was not found.

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)

  • JSON is the standard format for API responses and Internet transactions, replacing XML.

API Authentication

  • Secure APIs require an API key for authentication, obtained upon signing up for an account.
  • API keys and passwords may need to be passed to the service.
  • Use try/except blocks to handle potential issues.

Rate Limiting

  • Free APIs have a limit to the number of requests.
  • Rate limiting may be imposed by service providers like Amazon.
  • Limits may not apply when paying for the service.

Pagination

  • receiving large data sets in multiple pages.
  • Each page contains a portion of the data per request.
  • Subsequent calls are made to retrieve the next page of information.

Networking in Python

  • Python's networking capabilities make it a powerful scripting language.
  • Sockets is how communication apps are built.
  • Sockets uses protocols like TCP and UDP.
  • A socket module is used to create and manage socket modules.
  • You can import sockets and make calls to what you're trying to access

TCP Connections

  • TCP connections can be established natively without being inside an application, similar to how a browser works.
  • The code connects a socket to a server using a local host address (typically 127.0.0.1) and a specific port.
  • Use try/finally blocks to ensure the socket is closed after use.

Socket Server Module

  • Creates network servers.
  • Import items from an HTTP server.
  • Creating classes with user-defined functions

Internet Interaction

  • A popular library for Internet programming and working with APIs is requests.
  • Paramiko code for SSH connections enables secured sockets.
  • Secured sockets encrypt data.

Internet Protocols

  • Internet protocols can be used to build applications.
  • Examples include chat bots and web scraping apps (using Beautiful Soup).
  • Put together network monitoring tools using Python written tools.

Best Practices

  • Handle error codes.
  • Ensure you're working with secure connections and data transmissions.
  • Consider performance optimization.
  • Bandwidth limitations of your network and Internet provider.
  • Good upload bandwidth is important.

Web Services

  • Web services are similar to APIs and support machine-to-machine interaction.
  • Suited for IoT applications.

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

  • Exchanges structured information.

Representational State Transfer

  • Maintaining state in network applications is a challenge.
  • State maintenance ensures that when returning to a webpage, the server knows it's the same user.

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Description

This lesson covers APIs, network programming, and web services. It discusses using APIs to interface with software applications like BigCommerce and Authorize.Net, and making API requests using the requests library in Python.

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