40 Questions
What are the two major parts of the Nervous System?
The Central Nervous System (CNS) and The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What are the two types of motor fibers of the peripheral nervous system?
Somatic motor fibers and Autonomic fibers
What type of fibers transmit signals from receptors of various types?
Sensory (or afferent) fibers
What is the function of the dorsal ramus?
Supplying sensory innervation to the skin over the spine and muscular innervation to the paraspinal muscles
What is the name of the part of the neuron where the motor fibers terminate?
Motor end plate
How many pairs of Cranial Nerves are there in the Peripheral Nervous System?
12 pairs
What is the function of the sensory root?
Transmit signals from receptors of various types
In which region of the body do the ventral rami unite to form the brachial plexus?
Lower cervical to upper thoracic (C5–T1)
How many pairs of Spinal Nerves are there in the Peripheral Nervous System?
31 pairs
What is the function of the PNS in relation to the CNS?
It conveys input and output signals to and from the CNS
What type of system conveys information from the skin and the musculoskeletal system to areas of the brain?
Somatosensory system
What term is used to describe signals passing to the CNS?
Afferent
What type of neurons transmit information from the central system to peripheral structures?
Efferent neurons
In which region of the body do the ventral rami continue as intercostal nerves?
Thoracic region
What is the function of the CNS?
It integrates and controls the entire nervous system
What type of neurons connect only with other neurons?
Interneurons
What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
Posture, balance, and coordination of voluntary motor activity
What is the function of the brain stem?
Regulating basic bodily functions such as breathing, heart rate, and sleep
What is the main function of the spinal cord?
Conveying information between neurons and processing reflexes
What is the function of gray matter in the central nervous system?
Containing primarily neuron cell bodies
What is a bundle of axons that travel together in the central nervous system called?
Tract, lemniscus, fasciculus, column, peduncle, or corpuscle
What is the function of the corpus callosum?
Connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
What is the main function of the cerebral hemispheres?
Managing higher-level cognitive functions
What is the function of white matter in the central nervous system?
Conveying information away from the cell body
What is the term for groups of cell bodies in the central nervous system?
Nuclei
What is the main function of glial cells in the nervous system?
Providing support and protection to neurons
What is the basic structure and functional unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
What is the role of the meninges in the nervous system?
To provide support and protection to the brain and spinal cord
What is the function of the cell body of a neuron?
To receive and process nerve impulses
What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?
To carry impulses towards the cell body
What type of circuit conveys impulses that result in an involuntary response?
Reflex circuit
What is the term for groups of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system?
Ganglion
What is the primary function of relay circuits in the nervous system?
To convey impulses from sensory organs to the brain
What is the term for a series of neurons that work together to achieve a specific function?
Functional path
Where are the nerve cell bodies located in a functional path?
In the nuclei, ganglia, or laminae
What is the term for the bundles of axons in a functional path?
All of the above
What is the primary function of the meninges?
To support and protect the CNS
What is the most common cause of meningitis?
Viral infection
What is a common symptom of meningitis in adults?
Neck stiffness and headache with fever
What is the term for the large opening in the base of the skull where the brain and spinal cord are continuous?
Foramen magnum
Learn about the basics of the nervous system, including its different parts and functions, and the anatomical basis of neurological disorders.
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