Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following types of skeletal muscles has fibers arranged in a triangular shape?
Which of the following types of skeletal muscles has fibers arranged in a triangular shape?
What type of muscle is characterized by multiple rows of muscle fibers attached to multiple tendons?
What type of muscle is characterized by multiple rows of muscle fibers attached to multiple tendons?
In which muscle type do fibers attach to only one side of a tendon?
In which muscle type do fibers attach to only one side of a tendon?
Which of the following describes the fixed part of a skeletal muscle?
Which of the following describes the fixed part of a skeletal muscle?
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What is the primary muscle type found in the walls of blood vessels and internal organs?
What is the primary muscle type found in the walls of blood vessels and internal organs?
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Which type of muscle is primarily responsible for voluntary movements?
Which type of muscle is primarily responsible for voluntary movements?
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What is the main characteristic that differentiates cardiac muscle from skeletal muscle?
What is the main characteristic that differentiates cardiac muscle from skeletal muscle?
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Which part of the skeletal muscle refers to the fixed point of attachment?
Which part of the skeletal muscle refers to the fixed point of attachment?
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Which statement accurately describes smooth muscle?
Which statement accurately describes smooth muscle?
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What structure connects muscles to bones in the skeletal muscle system?
What structure connects muscles to bones in the skeletal muscle system?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Muscular System
- Over 600 skeletal muscles in the body
- Skeletal muscles account for 40-50% of body weight
- Muscles shape and contour the body
Functions of Skeletal Muscles
- Produce body movements
- Maintain posture
- Stabilize joints
- Generate heat
Muscle Definition
- The only body tissue able to contract in response to stimulus
- Muscle contraction causes movement of body parts
Types of Muscles
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle
Smooth Muscle
- Non-striated
- Spindle-shaped, uninucleate
- Involuntary
- Found lining blood vessels and internal organs (e.g., urinary bladder, gastro-intestinal tract)
- Supplied by autonomic nerves
Cardiac Muscle
- Rectangular shape
- Found only in the heart
- Involuntary, responds to direct electrical stimulation
- Supplied by autonomic nerves
- Uni-nucleated, striated like skeletal muscle
Skeletal Muscle
- Composed of muscle fibers arranged in bundles
- Striated, voluntary
- Attached to bone
- Supplied by somatic nerves
- Found in upper limbs, lower limbs, abdomen, head, and neck
Parts of Skeletal Muscle
- Origin: Fixed part, usually attached to bone
- Insertion: Movable part, attached to bone, cartilage, skin, or other muscles
- Belly (fleshy part): Contractile region, middle and thickest part of muscle
Tendon
- Fibrous cord, non-contractile
- Attaches muscle to bone (e.g., Achilles tendon)
Aponeurosis
- Flattened tendon
- Connects muscles to bone and supports them (e.g., plantar aponeurosis)
Types of Skeletal Muscles
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Parallel Fibers:
- Quadrilateral (e.g., thyrohyoid)
- Strap-like (e.g., sternocleidomastoid)
- Strap-like with intersections (e.g., rectus abdominis)
- Fusiform (e.g., biceps brachii)
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Oblique Fibers:
- Pennate (e.g., unipennate, bipennate, multipennate, circumpennate) – fibers at an angle to the tendon
- Triangular (e.g., trapezius)
- Circular (e.g., orbicularis oris)
- Convergent (e.g., pectoralis major) – broad origin, narrow insertion
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Description
This quiz covers the key elements of the muscular system, including the types of muscles and their functions within the body. Explore skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles, their structures, and how they contribute to movement and stability. Test your knowledge on how muscles shape our bodies and support various bodily functions.
