29 Questions
What is the definition of microbiology?
The science that studies micro-organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye
What is the main focus of medical microbiology?
Study of microorganisms causing infectious diseases in humans
Which branch of medical microbiology focuses on the study of viruses?
Virology
What is the key difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Presence or absence of a nucleus
Which group of microorganisms includes unicellular, eukaryotic organisms?
Protozoa
Which branch deals with the study of parasites and their role in human health and disease?
Parasitology
Which type of cells do viruses consist of?
Non-cellular
Which organisms reproduce by budding or mitosis?
Fungi
Which kingdom includes helminths?
Animalia
What is the main method of reproduction for bacteria?
Binary fission
Which theory proposes that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases?
Germ theory of disease
Who was able to refute the theory of spontaneous generation using the Swan Neck experiments?
Louis Pasteur
Which type of cells do bacteria consist of?
Prokaryotic
Name three branches of medical microbiology and briefly describe what each branch focuses on?
- Bacteriology: focuses on the study of bacteria and their role in human health and disease. 2. Virology: focuses on the study of viruses and their role in human health and disease. 3. Mycology: focuses on the study of fungi and their role in human health and disease.
What is the definition of medical microbiology?
Medical microbiology is the branch of microbiology that deals with the study of microorganisms that cause infectious diseases in humans, and the role of these microorganisms in human health and disease.
Define microbiology and briefly explain its significance.
Microbiology is the science that studies micro-organisms which are too small to be seen with a naked eye. It is significant because it plays a critical role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases in humans.
What are the properties of microorganisms and why are they significant in the field of microbiology?
Properties of microorganisms: 1. Small organisms 2. Can’t be seen with the naked eye 3. Microscope is needed & Electron Microscope EM in case of viruses. They are significant because they are the focus of study in the field of microbiology and play a critical role in human health and disease.
What are the basic groups of microorganisms made of cells?
Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths (worms)
What are the two categories of microorganisms based on cellular structure?
Acellular (viruses, prions) and made of cells (bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths)
What are the main characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
Small size, lack of membrane-bound organelles, circular DNA, and reproduce by binary fission
What are the main characteristics of eukaryotic cells?
Large size, presence of membrane-bound organelles, linear DNA, and reproduce by mitosis or meiosis
What are the kingdoms and cell types of microorganisms?
Animalia - helminths (eukaryotic), Plantae - none (eukaryotic), Protista - protozoa (eukaryotic), Fungi - fungi (eukaryotic), Bacteria - bacteria (prokaryotic), Viruses - non-cellular
What are the main characteristics of bacteria?
Unicellular, prokaryotic, aerobic or anaerobic, motile or non-motile, can be beneficial or harmful, reproduce by binary fission, and can form biofilms
What are the main characteristics of viruses?
Biphasic (non-living outside, living inside the body), non-cellular, contain either DNA or RNA, require a host cell to replicate, and can cause a wide range of diseases
What are the main characteristics of fungi?
Eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, obtain nutrients through absorption, non-motile, can be beneficial or harmful, reproduce by budding or mitosis, and can form spores for dispersal
What are the main characteristics of protozoa?
Unicellular, eukaryotic, can be free-living or parasitic, most are motile, and can cause a variety of diseases in humans
What are the main characteristics of prions?
Proteinaceous infectious particles, no DNA or RNA, can cause degenerative neurological disorders, and resistant to conventional sterilization methods
What is the germ theory of disease?
It proposes that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases, leading to the discoveries of antibiotics and hygienic practices
What are Koch's postulates?
The suspected pathogenic organism should be present in all cases of the disease and absent from healthy animals, the suspected organism should be grown in pure culture, cells from a pure culture of the suspected organism should cause disease in a healthy animal, and the organism should be re-isolated and shown to be the same as the original
Test your knowledge of the basic concepts in microbiology including the definition of microbiology, properties of microorganisms, medical microbiology branches, and the history of microbiology and infection. See how much you know about the important theories in microbiology and infection.
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