Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry Quiz

Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry

• Medicinal chemistry is a specialty that combines chemistry and medicine to study the interaction between living systems and chemicals.
• It involves measuring and analyzing chemical compounds in the human body, diagnosing and controlling disease cases, and developing new techniques for diagnosis and treatment.

Chemistry Fundamentals

• Chemistry is the study of matter in terms of its composition, characteristics, and changes.
• Every sample of matter is made up of one or more chemical elements.
• Elements are the simplest form of matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.
• Compounds are formed when two or more elements combine to form a new material.
• Mixtures consist of more than one substance, either elements, compounds, or both, and the relative quantities of the substances may vary.
• Homogeneous mixtures are also called solutions, while heterogeneous mixtures are composed of two or more kinds of matter.

Metric System

• The metric system is used to measure length, volume, and mass.
• Units of measurement include meters (m), centimeters (cm), liters (L), milliliters (mL), grams (g), kilograms (kg), and milligrams (mg).

Units Conversions

• There are two systems of units: International System (SI) and English System.
• The International System consists of units such as gram (g), centimeter (cm), liter (L), and Celsius (Cº).
• The English System consists of units such as pound (Lb), ounce, foot (ft), inch, mile, and yard.

SI Units

• The International System of Units (SI) is a standardized system of units adopted by scientists worldwide.
• The seven fundamental base units in SI include meter (m), kilogram (kg), second (s), Kelvin (K), ampere (A), candela (cd), and mole (mol).
• Prefixes are used to express small or large measured quantities in terms of a few simple digits.
• Examples of prefixes include nano (n), micro (μ), and kilo (k).

The Mole

• The mole (mol) is the SI unit for the amount of a chemical substance.
• It is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of particles as the number of carbon atoms in 12 grams of 12C.
• Avogadro's number (NA) is 6.022 x 10^23.
• The molar mass (M) of a substance is the mass in grams of 1 mole of that substance.

Molar Mass and Millimole

• The molar mass of a substance is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in a chemical formula.
• The millimole (mmol) is 1/1000 of a mole, and the millimolar mass (mM) is 1/1000 of the molar mass.
• Calculating the amount of a substance in moles or millimoles involves determining the number of moles or millimoles from its mass in grams or from the mass of a chemically related species.