Introduction to Materials Science and Materials Engineering

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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of Materials Science?

  • Determining the arrangement of materials in a structure
  • Understanding the relationship between structures and properties of materials (correct)
  • Processing materials to achieve desired properties
  • Exploring new materials development processes

Which aspect of materials does Materials Engineering primarily deal with?

  • Processing materials to achieve specific properties (correct)
  • Studying the relationship between structures and properties
  • Exploring new materials development processes
  • Analyzing the microscopic components of materials

What is one reason why materials selection has become more challenging over time?

  • Limited availability of materials
  • Increased number of available materials (correct)
  • Unchanging properties of materials
  • Decreased demand for materials

Which level of a material's structure relates to the arrangement of its internal components at the smallest scale?

<p>Subatomic level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key trait that defines a material's property?

<p>Its response to a specific stimulus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were early civilizations designated by terms like 'stone age' and 'bronze age'?

<p>To indicate their level of material development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the reasons mentioned for studying Engineering Materials?

<p>To select the material with the best combination of properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the traditional classification of solid materials up to the late 80’s?

<p>Metals, ceramics, and polymers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the new important emerging classifications added since the 90’s?

<p>Composites, semiconductors, and biomaterials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a material other than glass be recommended for soft drink packaging?

<p>Other materials might have better properties that meet the needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an application condition mentioned that might require specific material selection?

<p>Operating at elevated temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds do metals have that contribute to their good electrical conductivity?

<p>Metallic bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor might result in prohibitive costs when selecting materials for specific applications?

<p>Having to meet certain properties for high-performance applications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What areas of development are highlighted for metals as per the text?

<p>Higher operating temperature engines and turbines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ceramics composed of?

<p>Both metallic and non-metallic elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do three identical materials show different properties?

<p>Due to differences in their processing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of materials are frequently oxides, nitrides, carbides, and borides?

<p>Ceramics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant aspect of materials is emphasized when selecting them for applications?

<p>The ability to trade off one characteristic for another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of ceramics based on the provided text?

<p>Insulative to electricity and heat, resistant to high temperatures and harsh environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for polymers as mentioned in the text?

<p>Plastics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of polymers based on the provided text?

<p>Lightweight, low cost, low strength, low melting point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do composites utilize according to the text?

<p>The best characteristics of each component materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some areas of development and research for polymers as mentioned in the text?

<p>Biodegradable polymers, liquid crystal polymers, electrically conducting polymers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is an example of a composite according to the text?

<p>Fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of electrical properties do semiconductors have?

<p>Intermediate between electrical conductors and insulators (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have semiconductors impacted the electronics and computer industries?

<p>They have revolutionized the industries in the past two decades (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one requirement for biomaterials implanted in the human body?

<p>They must be bioactive or resorbable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of materials are used in high-technology applications like lasers, IC's, and LCD's?

<p>Advanced materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common example of a biomaterial?

<p>Stainless steel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What scale are the chips in optical computing typically measured in?

<p>$1$ million for a 486 chip (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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