Introduction to Materials Science and Materials Engineering
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of Materials Science?

  • Determining the arrangement of materials in a structure
  • Understanding the relationship between structures and properties of materials (correct)
  • Processing materials to achieve desired properties
  • Exploring new materials development processes

    • Which aspect of materials does Materials Engineering primarily deal with?

  • Processing materials to achieve specific properties (correct)
  • Studying the relationship between structures and properties
  • Exploring new materials development processes
  • Analyzing the microscopic components of materials

    • What is one reason why materials selection has become more challenging over time?

  • Limited availability of materials
  • Increased number of available materials (correct)
  • Unchanging properties of materials
  • Decreased demand for materials

    • Which level of a material's structure relates to the arrangement of its internal components at the smallest scale?

    <p>Subatomic level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key trait that defines a material's property?

    <p>Its response to a specific stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were early civilizations designated by terms like 'stone age' and 'bronze age'?

    <p>To indicate their level of material development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons mentioned for studying Engineering Materials?

    <p>To select the material with the best combination of properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the traditional classification of solid materials up to the late 80’s?

    <p>Metals, ceramics, and polymers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the new important emerging classifications added since the 90’s?

    <p>Composites, semiconductors, and biomaterials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a material other than glass be recommended for soft drink packaging?

    <p>Other materials might have better properties that meet the needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an application condition mentioned that might require specific material selection?

    <p>Operating at elevated temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds do metals have that contribute to their good electrical conductivity?

    <p>Metallic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor might result in prohibitive costs when selecting materials for specific applications?

    <p>Having to meet certain properties for high-performance applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What areas of development are highlighted for metals as per the text?

    <p>Higher operating temperature engines and turbines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are ceramics composed of?

    <p>Both metallic and non-metallic elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do three identical materials show different properties?

    <p>Due to differences in their processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of materials are frequently oxides, nitrides, carbides, and borides?

    <p>Ceramics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant aspect of materials is emphasized when selecting them for applications?

    <p>The ability to trade off one characteristic for another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some characteristics of ceramics based on the provided text?

    <p>Insulative to electricity and heat, resistant to high temperatures and harsh environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for polymers as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Plastics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some characteristics of polymers based on the provided text?

    <p>Lightweight, low cost, low strength, low melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do composites utilize according to the text?

    <p>The best characteristics of each component materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some areas of development and research for polymers as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Biodegradable polymers, liquid crystal polymers, electrically conducting polymers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is an example of a composite according to the text?

    <p>Fiber reinforced plastics (FRP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of electrical properties do semiconductors have?

    <p>Intermediate between electrical conductors and insulators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How have semiconductors impacted the electronics and computer industries?

    <p>They have revolutionized the industries in the past two decades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one requirement for biomaterials implanted in the human body?

    <p>They must be bioactive or resorbable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of materials are used in high-technology applications like lasers, IC's, and LCD's?

    <p>Advanced materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common example of a biomaterial?

    <p>Stainless steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What scale are the chips in optical computing typically measured in?

    <p>$1$ million for a 486 chip</p> Signup and view all the answers

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