Introduction to Marine Vessels
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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum deadweight tonnage (DWT) for bulk vehicles?

  • 5,000 – 50,000 DWT
  • 10,000 – 400,000 DWT (correct)
  • 15,000 – 300,000 DWT
  • 2,000 – 40,000 DWT

Which types of goods are typically carried in break bulk shipping?

  • Steel bars and drums
  • Grain and coal
  • Alumina and phosphate
  • All of the above (correct)

Can bulk vessels carry cargo on deck?

  • Only for certain types of cargo
  • No, never (correct)
  • Yes, but only lightweight cargo
  • Yes, always

What distinguishes bulk shipping from break bulk shipping?

<p>Break bulk ships can carry cargo in bags or boxes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bulk shipping?

<p>Always transports items outdoors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the conveyor belt on a fishing vessel?

<p>To transport caught fish (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a fishing vessel is used to lift fishing nets and has a similar function to a crane?

<p>Fishing derrick (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel is primarily categorized as non-transport?

<p>Fishing vessel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the radar antenna on a fishing vessel?

<p>For navigation and detecting ships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature of a catamaran reduces drag and stabilizes forward movement?

<p>Double hulls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do hydrofoil crafts have over traditional vessels?

<p>Greater speed due to reduced drag (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a power block used in fishing vessels primarily do?

<p>Haul nets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes high-speed crafts?

<p>Used for both military and civil applications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the main engine on a fishing vessel?

<p>To turn the ship’s propeller (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to prevent rolling of the ship?

<p>Bilge keel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does the funnel serve on a fishing vessel?

<p>To expel steam and smoke (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the net drum in the fishing vessel's design?

<p>To deploy and haul fishing nets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as the dining area in a fishing vessel?

<p>Mess room/hall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a scupper hole on a fishing vessel?

<p>To drain water from the deck (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is used for reeling in or letting out ropes and cables on a fishing vessel?

<p>Fishing winch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of fuel tanks on a fishing vessel?

<p>To store and supply fuel to the main engine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of SWATH vessels compared to monohulls?

<p>They roll and pitch less. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vessel is classified as an Air Cushion Vehicle?

<p>Hovercraft (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines general cargo ships in terms of goods carried?

<p>They primarily carry goods that cannot be unitized. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method do hovercrafts primarily use to achieve lift?

<p>Centrifugal fans blowing air downwards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of merchant ship as mentioned?

<p>Hovercraft (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of SWATH vessels allows them to have an advantage in stability?

<p>Their reduced water plane area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of tugs in maritime operations?

<p>To assist larger vessels by applying external force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cargo can dry bulk carriers predominantly transport?

<p>Solid bulk materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of fishing involves surrounding shoals with nets?

<p>Purse seining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fishing vessel is specifically designed to tow trawls or dredges?

<p>Bottom trawler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method used for lateral movement in hovercrafts?

<p>Ducted air propellers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fishing method uses a passive gear approach?

<p>Gillnetting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of longliner is known for targeting pelagic fish?

<p>Pelagic longliner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel type is depicted as using the method of dredging?

<p>Scallop dredge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of gillnetters?

<p>They deploy or tow gillnets for fishing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bottom trawler is specifically designed to catch species from the sea floor?

<p>Beam trawler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a municipal and a commercial fishing vessel?

<p>Municipal vessels have a gross tonnage up to 3GT. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fishing vessel designs is typically characterized as having a rake stem?

<p>Rake stem - Spoon design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fishing vessels can be classified primarily based on what criterion?

<p>The fishing method or equipment used. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a commercial fishing vessel regarding motorization?

<p>They can be either motorized or non-motorized. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of commercial fishing vessel?

<p>Rowboat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fishing vessel design is most directly related to service operations?

<p>Skiff boat design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the gross tonnage classification affect commercial fishing vessels?

<p>It indicates whether the vessel can operate in municipal waters. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about fishing vessel designs?

<p>Fishing vessel designs can significantly vary based on region and method. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Propeller function

Transforms rotating blades into forward thrust for ship movement.

Engine room

The compartment housing the propulsion machinery of a ship.

Main Engine

Engines turning the propeller, providing the ship's primary propulsion.

Fuel Tanks

Storing and supplying fuel for the ship's engine.

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Bilge Keel

A feature that prevents a ship from rolling by stabilizing its side-to-side motion.

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Fish Tank

A storage compartment for the fish caught by the fishing vessel.

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Bow Thruster

A propulsion system attached to the front of a vessel (bow), used for maneuvering.

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Fishing Winch

Mechanical device used to help reel in fishing nets or lines.

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Conveyor belt

A system for transporting caught fish horizontally.

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Guide pulleys

Supports and redirects the tension of fishing lines.

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Forecastle deck

Upper deck near the bow of a ship.

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Power block

A mechanized pulley to haul nets.

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Fishing derrick

A crane-like structure used to lift fishing nets.

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Mast

A central support for the derrick and power block.

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Transport vessels

Ships for carrying goods or people.

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Non-transport vessels

Ships not for carrying cargo or people (e.g., warships).

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Break Bulk Cargo

Goods that are individually packaged and loaded onto a ship, such as vehicles, steel bars, or drums. They require special handling and securing.

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Bulk Cargo

Unpackaged, homogeneous materials transported in large quantities, like grain, coal, or alumina. They are loaded and unloaded directly into the ship's hold.

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Deadweight Tonnage (DWT)

The maximum weight a ship can carry, including cargo, fuel, and other consumables. It's crucial for determining cargo capacity and efficiency.

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Break Bulk Ship

A ship designed to carry individually packaged cargo, requiring dedicated securing methods and cargo handling equipment.

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Bulk Carrier

A ship optimized to transport unpackaged bulk commodities like grain or coal. They have large holds and specialized systems for loading and unloading.

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SWATH

A type of watercraft with two submerged hulls, designed to reduce rolling and pitching compared to traditional boat shapes.

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Hovercraft

A vehicle that utilizes a cushion of air to travel on water, land, or other surfaces.

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General Cargo Ship

A merchant ship carrying various types of non-specific cargo.

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Bulk Cargo Ship

A general cargo ship carrying non-countable/unitized goods, like iron ore.

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Container Ship

A specialized cargo ship designed to carry standardized containers.

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Tanker

A cargo ship for transporting liquids in large quantities.

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Dry Bulk Carrier

A type of cargo ship that carries unpackaged goods, like grains, coal or other similar cargo.

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Merchant Ship

Ships that are designed to carry cargo internationally.

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Fishing Vessel Classification

Fishing vessels are categorized based on their size, fishing gear, and operating area.

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Municipal Fishing Vessel

A vessel smaller than 3GT operating within municipal waters, usually using traditional methods.

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Commercial Fishing Vessel

Vessels larger than 3GT operating outside municipal waters, typically equipped with powerful engines and advanced fishing gear.

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Gross Tonnage (GT)

A measure of a ship's total enclosed volume, used to classify vessels based on size.

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Fishing Vessel Designs (PH)

Different types of fishing vessel designs commonly used in the Philippines.

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Spoon Type Design

A common fishing vessel design in the Philippines characterized by a rounded bow and a wide stern.

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Rake Stem - Rake Stern Design

A fishing vessel design with a slanted bow and stern, often providing better stability and speed.

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Skiff Boat (Service Boat)

A smaller, typically open boat used for transporting supplies or personnel to and from larger fishing vessels.

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Passenger Ships

Vessels designed to transport passengers for leisure or travel, offering amenities like cabins, restaurants, and entertainment.

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Ferries

Vessels transporting passengers and vehicles across bodies of water, often on shorter routes.

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Tugs

Support vessels used to assist larger ships through the application of external force.

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Fishing Vessels

Ships specialized for catching fish, utilizing various fishing techniques and gear.

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Bottom Trawlers

Fishing vessels that drag a net along the seabed to catch fish, using different types of trawls.

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Purse Seiners

Fishing vessels using purse seines to encircle schools of fish, mainly targeting pelagic species like tuna.

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Longliners

Fishing vessels deploying longlines with baited hooks to catch both pelagic and demersal fish.

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Gillnetters

Fishing vessels using gillnets to catch fish by entangling them in the net's mesh.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Marine Vessels

  • Module focuses on fisheries engineering
  • Learning outcomes aim to explain details and parts of vessels, and to classify types of marine and fishing vessels.

Directions/Parts of a Ship

  • Four fundamental directions are used with respect to the waterplane section:
    • Waterplane Section
    • Transverse Plane Section
    • Middle Line Plane Section
  • 6 main directions in the transverse plane section are:
    • Hull: Main body including sides and bottom
    • Gunwale: Sides of the ship
    • Keel: Ship's backbone, lowest part, provides strength and stability
    • Beam: Widest part of the ship
    • Freeboard: Distance between gunwale and waterline
    • Draft: Distance between waterline and keel
  • Other directions include:
    • Amidships: Central part between stern and bow, inline with the keel
    • Athwartships: Towards the sides of the ship
    • Forward: Towards the bow direction
    • Aft: Towards the stern direction
    • Inboard: Part of the ship attached inside
    • Outboard: Part of the ship attached outside

Parts of a Fishing Vessel

  • Rudder: Controls left/right movement. Located near the stern.
  • Propeller: Creates forward movement. Radiating blade.
  • Engine Room: Houses propulsion machinery.
  • Main Engine: Powers ship's propeller through water movement.
  • Fuel Tanks: Store fuel for the main engine.
  • Starboard Bracket Pole: Used for nets and otter boards/trawling.
  • Net Drum: Deploys/hauls net fishing gears.
  • Funnel: Excels steam and smoke from boilers and engine exhaust.
  • Mess Room/Hall: Dining.
  • Bridge: Commanded area with navigational equipment and control panels for main engine.
  • Cabin: Area for crew sleeping.
  • Bulwark: Prevents equipment and crew from falling into the sea.
  • Scupper Hole: Drains deck water.
  • Hatch on fish tank: Entrance/exit for fish caught.
  • Drop chute: Narrow tube connecting hatch and fish tank.
  • Fish tank: Fish storage. Insulating layer to protect from temperature changes.
  • Bilge keel: Prevents ship from rolling (roll axis).
  • Bow thruster installation: Propulsion system attached to the vessel's bow.
  • Name of ship: Registration number.
  • Fishing winch: Mechanically reels in/out ropes, wires/cables.
  • Conveyor belt: Transports caught fish to a horizontal direction.
  • Guide pullies: Supports movement and redirects fishing lines/tension.
  • Forecastle deck: Upper deck near the bow.
  • Power block: Mechanized pulley to haul nets.
  • Fishing Derrick: Crane-like structure for lifting fishing nets.
  • Mast: Supports derrick and power block, located at the center.
  • Radar antenna: Detects ships and landmasses.

Types of Marine Vessels

  • Transport vessels: cargo, container, and passenger ships

  • Non-transport vessels: fishing vessels, service craft, supply vessels, warships

  • Other types include various specialized vessels (high-speed crafts, catamarans, hydrofoils, small waterplane area twin hulls (SWATH), hovercrafts, merchant ships, roll-on roll-off (RO-RO) ships, tankers, passenger ships, ferries, tugs)

Common Parts of Fishing Vessel

  • Stem
  • Frames
  • Dugout
  • Hull
  • Stern Post

Common Fishing Vessel Designs (PH)

  • Typical Spoon Type Design
  • Rake Stem - Rake Stern Design
  • Plumb (Modified "Limasawa" Type)
  • Skiff Boat (Service Boat)

Types of Bottom Trawlers

  • Otter trawler
  • Beam trawler
  • Demersal seine trawls
  • Scallop dredges

Purse Seiners

  • Uses purse seines to surround fish shoals.

Longliners

  • Carry either pelagic or demersal longlines.

Gillnetters

  • Deploy or tow gillnets.

Additional Information About Fishing Vessels

  • Designs are specific to local conditions and fishing methods.
  • Classified according to fishing equipment/methods (trawlers, seiners, dredgers, longliners, etc.)
  • Gross tonnage is used to classify these vessels into classes such as municipal or commercial.

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Introduction to Marine Vessels PDF

Description

This quiz covers essential aspects of marine vessels, focusing on fisheries engineering. It includes details of vessel parts, various types of marine and fishing vessels, and fundamental directions relevant to ship structure and design.

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