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What is a common characteristic of an organization?
What is a common characteristic of an organization?
According to Mary Parker Follett, management is:
According to Mary Parker Follett, management is:
Who defined management as 'to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control'?
Who defined management as 'to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control'?
What is NOT a definition of management?
What is NOT a definition of management?
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Who defined management as 'the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals as groups efficiently accomplish selected goals'?
Who defined management as 'the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals as groups efficiently accomplish selected goals'?
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What is an organization primarily aimed to do?
What is an organization primarily aimed to do?
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What is the primary responsibility of top-level management?
What is the primary responsibility of top-level management?
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Which level of management is responsible for setting objectives that are consistent with top-level management goals?
Which level of management is responsible for setting objectives that are consistent with top-level management goals?
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What is a key characteristic of lower-level managers?
What is a key characteristic of lower-level managers?
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What are the three basic managerial skills?
What are the three basic managerial skills?
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What is an example of technical skills in management?
What is an example of technical skills in management?
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What is the primary role of a CEO, President, or Vice President in an organization?
What is the primary role of a CEO, President, or Vice President in an organization?
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What is the definition of management?
What is the definition of management?
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What is the primary difference between efficiency and effectiveness?
What is the primary difference between efficiency and effectiveness?
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What are the four main management functions?
What are the four main management functions?
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What is the primary focus of the Planning function?
What is the primary focus of the Planning function?
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What is the primary focus of the Organizing function?
What is the primary focus of the Organizing function?
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What is the primary focus of the Leading function?
What is the primary focus of the Leading function?
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What is the primary focus of the Controlling function?
What is the primary focus of the Controlling function?
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What determines the chain of command in an organization?
What determines the chain of command in an organization?
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What are the three main levels of management?
What are the three main levels of management?
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What is the primary focus of human skills in management?
What is the primary focus of human skills in management?
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What is the role of a manager in informational roles?
What is the role of a manager in informational roles?
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What is the primary focus of conceptual skills in management?
What is the primary focus of conceptual skills in management?
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Who identified the 10 roles of managers?
Who identified the 10 roles of managers?
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What is the primary function of a manager in interpersonal roles?
What is the primary function of a manager in interpersonal roles?
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What is the decisional role of a manager?
What is the decisional role of a manager?
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What is an example of a figurehead role?
What is an example of a figurehead role?
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What is an example of a liaison role?
What is an example of a liaison role?
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What does a Disturbance Handler do during disputes or crises?
What does a Disturbance Handler do during disputes or crises?
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What is the role of a Spokesperson in an organization?
What is the role of a Spokesperson in an organization?
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What does an Entrepreneur do in an organization?
What does an Entrepreneur do in an organization?
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What is the primary role of a Disseminator?
What is the primary role of a Disseminator?
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What does a Negotiator do in an organization?
What does a Negotiator do in an organization?
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What is the role of a Resource Allocator?
What is the role of a Resource Allocator?
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What does a reading activity involve in an organization?
What does a reading activity involve in an organization?
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Who maintains personal contact with stakeholders in an organization?
Who maintains personal contact with stakeholders in an organization?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Management
- An organization is a systematic arrangement of people brought together to accomplish a specific purpose, characterized by:
- A distinct goal and purpose
- People working together to accomplish certain objectives
- A systematic structure
- An aim to serve society
Definition of Management
- Management is the process of getting things done, effectively and efficiently, with and through other people
- Definitions of management by notable figures:
- Mary Parker Follett (1868-1933): the art of getting things done through people
- Henri Fayol (1916): to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control
- Frederick Winslow Taylor (1886): to determine the overall policy of a business organization, and to find effective and efficient ways to achieve organizational objectives
- Koontz and Weihrich (1990): the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals and groups efficiently accomplish selected goals
Efficiency and Effectiveness
- Efficiency: doing things right
- Effectiveness: doing the right things
Process of Management
- Four main management functions:
- Planning (thinking function)
- Defining goals, establishing strategies, and developing action plans to coordinate activities towards accomplishing organizational goals
- Organizing (thinking function)
- Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and who makes decisions
- Leading (doing function)
- Directing and influencing all organizational members involved, motivating them, and resolving conflicts towards achieving organizational goals
- Controlling (doing function)
- Monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and correcting any significant deviations
- Planning (thinking function)
Levels of Management
- Top Level Management
- Responsible for the overall management of an organization, establishing operating policies, and guiding the organization's interaction with its environment
- CEO, President, Vice President
- Middle Level Management
- Directs the activities of lower-level managers, responsible for setting objectives that are consistent with top-level management goals
- Lower-Level Management
- Responsible for the work of non-management employees, directly responsible for the production of goods and services
Skills of Management
- Managers need certain skills and competencies, including:
- Technical skills: ability to utilize job-specific knowledge of tools, techniques, and procedures
- Human skills: ability to work effectively with one's own work group and others, leading, motivating, and communicating
- Conceptual skills: ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations, seeing how things fit together, and facilitating good decisions
Roles of Managers
- Henry Mintzberg identified 10 roles that managers need to assume to meet the many demands of performing their functions, which can be categorized into:
- Interpersonal roles: managers are responsible for managing relationships with organizational members and the society
- Informational roles: involve gathering and disseminating information to stakeholders
- Decisional roles: making significant use of the information, processing information, and reaching conclusions
Roles of Managers (Detailed)
- Interpersonal roles:
- Figurehead: performs ceremonial and symbolic duties
- Liaison: maintains information links both inside and outside the organization
- Leader: directs and motivates subordinates, guiding and communicating with them
- Informational roles:
- Monitor: seeks and receives information
- Disseminator: forwards information to organizational members
- Spokesperson: transmits information to outsiders
- Decisional roles:
- Entrepreneur: initiates improvement projects, identifies new ideas, and delegates responsibilities
- Disturbance handler: takes corrective action during disputes or crises, resolving conflicts among subordinates
- Resource allocator: decides who gets resources, prepares budgets, and sets schedules
- Negotiator: represents the department during negotiations, such as negotiations for union contracts
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Description
Understand the basics of management, including the definition of an organization and the process of management. Learn how organizations are structured and how management achieves goals efficiently.
