Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which characteristic is most indicative of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
Which characteristic is most indicative of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
- Spans across a large geographical area such as multiple cities or countries.
- It is owned and administered by a single organization. (correct)
- It is typically owned and managed by multiple independent organizations.
- Connects devices using satellite links.
Which of the following best describes the operational scope of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
Which of the following best describes the operational scope of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
- A network that spans across multiple states or countries.
- A network infrastructure limited to a small geographic area such as an office building or campus. (correct)
- A global network connecting computers and resources worldwide.
- A network used to connect different branches of a multinational corporation.
Which IEEE standard defines Ethernet technology?
Which IEEE standard defines Ethernet technology?
- IEEE 802.5
- IEEE 802.15
- IEEE 802.3 (correct)
- IEEE 802.11
What is true of Ethernet technology?
What is true of Ethernet technology?
Which of the following are considered Legacy Ethernet standards?
Which of the following are considered Legacy Ethernet standards?
Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of Legacy Ethernet?
Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of Legacy Ethernet?
What is the maximum data transmission speed of Legacy Ethernet?
What is the maximum data transmission speed of Legacy Ethernet?
In the context of Legacy Ethernet, what is a key limitation of its half-duplex system?
In the context of Legacy Ethernet, what is a key limitation of its half-duplex system?
What is the size of the Destination Address (DA) field in an Ethernet frame?
What is the size of the Destination Address (DA) field in an Ethernet frame?
What is the purpose of the Cyclic Redundancy Checksum (CRC) field in an Ethernet Frame?
What is the purpose of the Cyclic Redundancy Checksum (CRC) field in an Ethernet Frame?
What are the two main features of Fast Ethernet compared to the original 10Mbps Ethernet?
What are the two main features of Fast Ethernet compared to the original 10Mbps Ethernet?
When was Fast Ethernet introduced?
When was Fast Ethernet introduced?
Which of the following describes the purpose of Auto-Negotiation in Fast Ethernet?
Which of the following describes the purpose of Auto-Negotiation in Fast Ethernet?
Which cabling options are supported by Fast Ethernet?
Which cabling options are supported by Fast Ethernet?
What is one of the standards associated with Gigabit Ethernet for electrical cabling?
What is one of the standards associated with Gigabit Ethernet for electrical cabling?
When was the IEEE 802.3z standard for optical cabling under Gigabit Ethernet, introduced?
When was the IEEE 802.3z standard for optical cabling under Gigabit Ethernet, introduced?
What modes does Gigabit Ethernet support?
What modes does Gigabit Ethernet support?
What is required to achieve full-duplex communication in Ethernet networks?
What is required to achieve full-duplex communication in Ethernet networks?
Which characteristic is exclusive to 10-Gigabit Ethernet compared to other Ethernet technologies?
Which characteristic is exclusive to 10-Gigabit Ethernet compared to other Ethernet technologies?
What is a key operational difference exclusive to 10-Gigabit Ethernet?
What is a key operational difference exclusive to 10-Gigabit Ethernet?
Flashcards
What is a LAN?
What is a LAN?
A network owned and administered by a single organization, typically spanning a small geographical area like an office or campus.
What is Ethernet?
What is Ethernet?
A LAN technology adhering to IEEE 802.3 standards, known for its widespread use, cost-effectiveness, and simpler technology.
What is Legacy Ethernet?
What is Legacy Ethernet?
Legacy Ethernet systems (10BASE-5, 10BASE-2, 10BASE-T) are broadcast systems operating in half-duplex mode with a maximum speed of 10Mbps.
How does Legacy Ethernet work?
How does Legacy Ethernet work?
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What are components of an Ethernet frame?
What are components of an Ethernet frame?
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What is Fast Ethernet?
What is Fast Ethernet?
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What is Auto-Negotiation?
What is Auto-Negotiation?
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What is Gigabit Ethernet (GbE)?
What is Gigabit Ethernet (GbE)?
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How is full-duplex communication achieved?
How is full-duplex communication achieved?
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What is full-duplex ethernet?
What is full-duplex ethernet?
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What is 10-Gigabit Ethernet?
What is 10-Gigabit Ethernet?
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Describe a key difference of 10-Gigabit Ethernet?
Describe a key difference of 10-Gigabit Ethernet?
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Study Notes
Introduction to LANs
- Aims to describe Local Area Networks (LANs) and Ethernet technologies.
Local Area Networks (LANs)
- LANs are owned and administered by a single organization.
- LANs generally span across a small geographical area, for example, an office or a campus.
Ethernet
- Ethernet adheres to the IEEE 802.3 Standard (legacy Ethernet).
- Ethernet is a cheap and simpler LAN technology that is widely used.
Legacy Ethernet Systems
- 10BASE-5, 10BASE-2, and 10BASE-T are considered legacy Ethernet.
- Legacy Ethernet is a broadcast system, meaning that a frame transmitted by one station is heard by all other stations.
- Legacy Ethernet is a half-duplex system, meaning only one station can send data over the Ethernet channel at any given time.
- Legacy Ethernet operates at a maximum speed of 10Mbps.
Ethernet Frame Format
- Ethernet Frame constitutes of Preamble (8 bytes), Destination Address (6 bytes), Source Address (6 bytes), Length/Type (2 bytes), Data (46 - 1500 bytes), and Cyclic Redundancy Checksum (4 bytes).
Fast Ethernet
- Fast Ethernet was developed by the IEEE 802.3u task force and introduced in 1995.
- Fast Ethernet uses the same Ethernet frame format and media access control technology as legacy Ethernet technologies.
- Fast Ethernet allows for variety of cabling, including unshielded, shielded, multi-mode, and single-mode fibre.
- Two main features of Fast Ethernet include Bandwidth (100Mbps) and Auto-negotiation, compared to 10Mbps Ethernet.
Auto-Negotiation
- The auto-negotiation process was developed to enable technology interoperability.
- Auto-negotiation is where 10Mbps and 100Mbps interfaces could be connected.
- Auto-negotiation protocol enables communicating partners (e.g. two directly connected computers) to automatically negotiate a configuration which matches the speed and capabilities of the communicating partners.
Gigabit Ethernet (GbE)
- Two standards exist: IEEE 802.3z for optical cabling (introduced in 1998) and IEEE 802.3ab for electrical cabling (introduced in 1999).
- Like Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet retains the same Ethernet frame format and media access control technology as all other 802.3 Ethernet technologies.
- Gigabit Ethernet can operate over existing wiring infrastructures used by 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps Ethernet.
- Gigabit Ethernet supports both full- and half-duplex modes with flow control.
Full Duplex Ethernet
- IEEE 802.3x committees designed standards for full-duplex operations for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-X, and 1000BASE-X.
- Full-duplex communication can be achieved by having two full-duplex paths (point-to-point connections with one pair of wires to send and another to receive) and full-duplex network interface cards.
10-Gigabit Ethernet (10 Gig E)
- 10 Gigabit Ethernet was developed by the IEEE 802.3ae task force, approved in June 2002 and operates as a full-duplex protocol.
- It retains the same 803.2 MAC frame format, allowing interoperability between all varieties of Ethernet technologies without reframing or protocol conversions.
- 10-Gigabit Ethernet differs from other Ethernet technologies because it can only be used in a point-to-point topology, only operates in full-duplex, and currently only supports fibre.
- It is mainly used as a backbone in LAN and WAN environments and operates as a trunking mechanism between SP switches.
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