Podcast
Questions and Answers
What distinguishes a natural person from a juristic person in Civil Law?
What distinguishes a natural person from a juristic person in Civil Law?
- Natural persons become juristic persons upon marriage.
- Natural persons retain their legal status after death.
- Juristic persons are legal entities created by law. (correct)
- Natural persons have legal rights only after age 18.
At what point does personality end for a natural person according to Thai law?
At what point does personality end for a natural person according to Thai law?
- When they become a juristic person.
- At the age of 20.
- Upon death. (correct)
- After completing a juristic act.
Which of the following best describes the status of a minor in the context of legal personality?
Which of the following best describes the status of a minor in the context of legal personality?
- Minors can achieve full personality status upon marriage.
- Minors have the same legal rights as adults.
- Minors can complete legal acts without parental consent.
- Minors cannot engage in any legal acts independently. (correct)
What is the primary difference between Civil Law and Criminal Law?
What is the primary difference between Civil Law and Criminal Law?
What are the two main classifications of law mentioned in the content?
What are the two main classifications of law mentioned in the content?
Which system primarily relies on judicial precedents as a major source of law?
Which system primarily relies on judicial precedents as a major source of law?
In the context of legal acts, what requirement is necessary for a minor to achieve full legal capacity?
In the context of legal acts, what requirement is necessary for a minor to achieve full legal capacity?
What event solidifies the commencement of legal personality for a natural person?
What event solidifies the commencement of legal personality for a natural person?
What establishes the beginning of personality according to the civil and commercial law code of Thailand?
What establishes the beginning of personality according to the civil and commercial law code of Thailand?
What rights does a child en ventre sa mere possess?
What rights does a child en ventre sa mere possess?
At what age does a person cease to be considered a minor and become sui juris?
At what age does a person cease to be considered a minor and become sui juris?
How can a juristic person come into existence?
How can a juristic person come into existence?
What term is used to refer to a capable person in the civil and commercial law code of Thailand?
What term is used to refer to a capable person in the civil and commercial law code of Thailand?
Which condition makes acts performed without consent voidable?
Which condition makes acts performed without consent voidable?
What does the term 'sui juris' indicate in legal terminology?
What does the term 'sui juris' indicate in legal terminology?
Which of the following statements about personality is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about personality is incorrect?
Which punishment represents the most severe consequence under the criminal law code of Thailand?
Which punishment represents the most severe consequence under the criminal law code of Thailand?
What is classified as a petty offence under the criminal law code of Thailand?
What is classified as a petty offence under the criminal law code of Thailand?
Which of the following best describes the role of a judge in a court of law?
Which of the following best describes the role of a judge in a court of law?
Which option represents a form of punishment that indicates less severity compared to death under Thai criminal law?
Which option represents a form of punishment that indicates less severity compared to death under Thai criminal law?
What are the parties involved in a lawsuit classified as under the legal terminology?
What are the parties involved in a lawsuit classified as under the legal terminology?
What type of offences does the specific category of the criminal law code address?
What type of offences does the specific category of the criminal law code address?
Which punishment is not considered a direct consequence for offenders under Section 18?
Which punishment is not considered a direct consequence for offenders under Section 18?
In the criminal law code, which of the following is NOT a defined section in relation to specific offences?
In the criminal law code, which of the following is NOT a defined section in relation to specific offences?
In Thailand, what is the role of a lawyer in court decisions?
In Thailand, what is the role of a lawyer in court decisions?
What does the term 'litigant' refer to in legal terminology?
What does the term 'litigant' refer to in legal terminology?
Who holds the burden of proof in a standard legal case?
Who holds the burden of proof in a standard legal case?
What is the primary function of a prosecutor in a criminal lawsuit?
What is the primary function of a prosecutor in a criminal lawsuit?
Which of the following is NOT a synonym for 'defendant'?
Which of the following is NOT a synonym for 'defendant'?
What is documentary evidence?
What is documentary evidence?
In legal terminology, who is typically referred to as the 'accuser'?
In legal terminology, who is typically referred to as the 'accuser'?
What best describes the role of a jury?
What best describes the role of a jury?
What is the primary basis of a common law system?
What is the primary basis of a common law system?
Which category of law primarily deals with the relationship between individuals?
Which category of law primarily deals with the relationship between individuals?
In which type of legal system are codes of law more predominant?
In which type of legal system are codes of law more predominant?
What is a characteristic of public law concerning evidence accessibility?
What is a characteristic of public law concerning evidence accessibility?
What distinguishes substantive law from procedural law?
What distinguishes substantive law from procedural law?
What type of legal procedure does public law typically employ?
What type of legal procedure does public law typically employ?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a civil law system?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a civil law system?
Which of the following countries primarily follows a common law system?
Which of the following countries primarily follows a common law system?
Study Notes
Introduction to Law
- Civil Law distinguishes between natural persons (individuals) and juristic persons (legal entities).
- Criminal Law focuses on punishments for offenses against societal norms.
Civil Law: Personality
- Personality is defined by legal status, which begins at birth and ends at death.
- A minor (under 20 years) requires consent for legal acts; acts without consent are voidable.
- Juristic (legal) persons are recognized entities established under law.
Juristic Persons
- Juristic persons exist as defined by the civil and commercial law codes of Thailand, specifically Section 65.
Criminal Law: Punishments
- Punishments outlined in Section 18 include death, imprisonment, confinement, fines, and forfeiture of property.
- Criminal offenses vary from minor offenses (punishable by up to one month's imprisonment) to serious crimes.
Structure of Lawsuits
- Legal cases involve parties that may be natural or juristic persons.
- Courts consist of judges who adjudicate, and some systems incorporate juries to ascertain facts.
Legal Roles
- Lawyers must be licensed to practice law and typically focus on specific areas such as criminal law.
- Witnesses provide evidence in legal proceedings, which can be documentary or material.
Legal Maxim
- The principle "Actori incumbit onus probandi" indicates that the burden of proof lies with the party that asserts a claim.
Legal Terms
- Litigants include plaintiffs (civil) who initiate lawsuits and defendants (both civil and criminal) who respond to claims.
- Prosecutors are authorized to initiate criminal cases, including public prosecutors or injured parties acting together.
Jurisdiction
- Jurisdiction defines a court's authority to hear cases; in the digital age, online legal issues transcend geographic boundaries.
Classification of Law
- Law can be categorized into civil vs. common, public vs. private, and substantive vs. procedural.
Common Law System
- Common law is rooted in customs and traditions; relies on judicial precedents for decisions.
- Examples: United Kingdom, USA, Singapore.
Civil Law System
- Civil law is based on written codes and statutes, supplemented by Supreme Court precedents.
- Examples: Thailand, France, Germany.
Private Law
- Governs relationships between individuals or entities, often resolved through an accusatorial system in courts.
Public Law
- Involves state-related legal relationships; addresses cases where at least one party is a state entity.
- Employs an inquisitorial system to ensure fair access to justice by allowing the court to gather evidence.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of Civil and Criminal Law, focusing on the distinctions between natural and juristic persons, as well as the various punishments defined under criminal law. This quiz covers personality under Civil Law and the structure of legal cases, providing a comprehensive overview of legal principles. Test your understanding of the foundational aspects of law.
