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Questions and Answers
Shiites believe that community leadership was reserved for the prophet Muhammad's family through his daughter ______.
Fatima
The largest and most important group of Shi'a are known as ______.
Twelvers
Shiites attach peculiar value to suffering and martyrdom, giving it an almost ______ character.
redeeming
Ismailis take their name from ______, son of the sixth Imam.
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The official religion of Yemen, which admits the election of imams, is ______.
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Islam means submission to God's ______.
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The Quran is the final revelation given to the last of the great ______.
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The Five Pillars of Islam include the proclamation of faith, prayer, ______, fasting, and pilgrimage.
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During the month of Ramadan, Muslims refrain from eating, drinking and having ______.
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The pilgrimage to Mecca is referred to as ______.
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Study Notes
Islam
- Islam means submission to God's will.
- The Quran is the final revelation given to the last of the great prophets, Muhammad.
- The Five Pillars are:
- Proclamation of Faith or shahadah
- Prayer or salat
- Alms or zakat
- Fasting or sawn during the month of Ramadan
- The pilgrimage or hajj to Mecca
- Shiites believe community leadership was reserved for the prophet Muhammad's family.
- Shi’a shares with Sunnism its respect for the Quran and most of Islamic law.
- The main divisions are:
- Twelvers, known also as asharis
- Ismailis
- Zaidis
- Druze
- Ibadism is a branch of Islam that differs from orthodox Sunni and Shia Islam.
- Yazidis are a sect mistakenly described as worshippers of the devil.
Judaism
- The Written Law (Torah) and the Oral Law are eternal and cannot be omitted or reinterpreted.
- Reformers seek to free Judaism from orthodoxy to adapt it to the conditions of the modern world.
- Conservatives accept some adaptations of Judaism to modern life, but without giving up its values.
- Ultra-orthodoxs, Orthodox, Reformers, and Conservatives are the main divisions within Judaism.
Zoroastrianism
- Zoroaster or Zaratustra lived in the 6th century BC.
- Monotheistic religion that emphasizes the struggle of good and evil, light and darkness, angels and devils.
- Immortality of the soul.
- Tree commandments: Good thoughts, good words, and good deeds.
Mandaeism
- From Aramaic "manda" that means (mystical) "knowledge".
- Extremely syncretic, incorporates Jewish, Iranian, Babylonian, Gnostic and Christian elements.
- Writing and liturgy in Syriac.
Baha’ism
- Emerged in Iran in 1840.
- Advocates the establishment of a universal faith, synthesis between Islam, Judaism and Christianity.
- Its world center is in Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
- Three main principles: the oneness of God, the oneness of human kind and the oneness of religion.
Languages of the Region
- Three main language groups:
- Semitic languages and dialects
- Indo-European or Aryan languages
- Ural-Ultaic languages
- Semitic languages and dialects dominate the region from Iraq to the Atlantic.
- Indo-European or Aryan languages include Farsi, Kurdish, Baluchi and Luri.
- Ural-Ultaic languages include Turkish and Turkic languages.
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Description
Explore the fundamental beliefs and practices of Islam and Judaism in this informative quiz. Learn about the Five Pillars of Islam, the significance of the Quran, and the major divisions within both religions. Test your understanding of their teachings and historical context.
