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Questions and Answers
Who are the creators of the TCP/IP protocols?
Who are the creators of the TCP/IP protocols?
The term 'Internet of Things' was first coined by Tim Berners-Lee.
The term 'Internet of Things' was first coined by Tim Berners-Lee.
False
What was the first IoT-like experiment mentioned?
What was the first IoT-like experiment mentioned?
A vending machine connected to report inventory.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the _______.
Tim Berners-Lee invented the _______.
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Match the following inventions with their respective inventors or organizations:
Match the following inventions with their respective inventors or organizations:
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What is the primary focus of Smart Rasa Group LTD.?
What is the primary focus of Smart Rasa Group LTD.?
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The Internet of Things (IoT) marks the first revolution in technology.
The Internet of Things (IoT) marks the first revolution in technology.
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Who is the founder and CEO of Smart Rasa Group LTD.?
Who is the founder and CEO of Smart Rasa Group LTD.?
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is primarily related to _____ systems.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is primarily related to _____ systems.
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Match the following historical events with their corresponding years in the context of IoT development:
Match the following historical events with their corresponding years in the context of IoT development:
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In which decade did the concept of IoT begin to gain traction?
In which decade did the concept of IoT begin to gain traction?
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What role does Babak Reihani specialize in besides being an entrepreneur?
What role does Babak Reihani specialize in besides being an entrepreneur?
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IoT is considered unimportant in today's technology landscape.
IoT is considered unimportant in today's technology landscape.
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Which of the following areas does IoT NOT apply to?
Which of the following areas does IoT NOT apply to?
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IoT devices can only be used for monitoring home security.
IoT devices can only be used for monitoring home security.
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Name one application of IoT in health.
Name one application of IoT in health.
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IoT technology is one of the top four technologies in the _____ world.
IoT technology is one of the top four technologies in the _____ world.
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Match the following IoT applications with their respective fields:
Match the following IoT applications with their respective fields:
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By what year is it projected that there will be a total number of 35 active device connections?
By what year is it projected that there will be a total number of 35 active device connections?
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IoT only applies to electronic devices used in homes.
IoT only applies to electronic devices used in homes.
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List two benefits of IoT.
List two benefits of IoT.
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Which of the following is a benefit of IoT?
Which of the following is a benefit of IoT?
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Active sensors do not require an external power source to operate.
Active sensors do not require an external power source to operate.
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Name one communication standard used in IoT.
Name one communication standard used in IoT.
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One function of smart home IoT systems is ______ control.
One function of smart home IoT systems is ______ control.
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Match the following types of sensors with their function:
Match the following types of sensors with their function:
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What is the primary purpose of an Advanced Metering Infrastructure?
What is the primary purpose of an Advanced Metering Infrastructure?
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LPWAN refers to Low Power Wide Area Network.
LPWAN refers to Low Power Wide Area Network.
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What is one of the applications of IoT in smart cities?
What is one of the applications of IoT in smart cities?
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IoT can help reduce ______ consumption in parking management.
IoT can help reduce ______ consumption in parking management.
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Which sensor type measures light levels?
Which sensor type measures light levels?
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Study Notes
IoT Introduction
- The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enables these objects to collect and exchange data.
- It is considered the fourth industrial revolution.
IoT Brief History and Evolution
-
1960s - 1970s:
- J.C.R. Licklider envisioned an interconnected computer network.
- The launch of ARPANET marked the beginning of the internet.
-
1980s - 1990s:
- Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn developed TCP/IP protocols.
- The first IoT-like experiment was conducted by David Nicolas, where a vending machine was connected to report its inventory.
-
1990s - 2000s:
- John Romkey connected the first toaster to the internet.
- Cambridge installed an online webcam to monitor a coffee pot.
- Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web.
-
2000s - 2010s:
- Kevin Ashton coined the term "Internet of Things".
- LG introduced its smart refrigerator, while Google developed self-driving cars.
- Smart cities like Seoul and Singapore emerged.
-
2010s - 2020s:
- The number of active device connections increased significantly, reaching 35 billion.
- IoT is being used in various applications such as smart homes, smart cities, and industrial automation.
Why is IoT Important?
- Benefits of IoT:
- Automation and control: IoT enables automated processes for greater efficiency.
- Efficiency and savings: Optimizes operations and reduces resource consumption.
- Safety and comfort: Improves safety and enhances user convenience.
- Increased security: Provides enhanced security measures for physical assets.
- Environmental monitoring: Collects data to monitor and protect the environment.
- Gathering rich data: Enables data collection for analysis and insights.
- Reduces human fault: Minimizes human error by automating tasks.
IoT Architecture
-
Layers:
- Devices: Sensors and actuators collecting or controlling physical data.
- Communication: Networks connecting devices and transmitting data.
- Platform: Cloud infrastructure managing data storage, processing, and analytics.
- Application: User-facing interfaces for interacting with IoT data and processes.
Key Components of IoT Platform
- Data Storage: Stores collected data securely and efficiently.
- Data Processing: Analyzes and processes data for actionable insights.
- Data Access and Sharing: Provides mechanisms for accessing and sharing data with authorized users.
- Analytics: Uses sophisticated algorithms to extract meaningful patterns and insights from the data.
IoT in the Real World
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Smart Home:
- Control Lighting: Automated lighting control based on time, presence, or environmental factors.
- Power Controls: Smart plugs and switches for remote control and energy monitoring.
- Energy Monitors: Track energy consumption in the home for cost-saving measures.
- Security systems: Smart home security systems with cameras, sensors, and remote monitoring capabilities.
- Entertainment: Streamline entertainment systems with voice control and smart devices.
- Smart Irrigation: Automated irrigation systems based on weather conditions and soil moisture.
- Smart Pool: Smart features to control pool filtration, heating, and water levels.
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Smart City & Resort:
- Irrigation System: Water conservation through efficient irrigation system management.
- Street Lighting Control: Automated control of street lights for energy savings.
- Asset management: Tracking and managing assets for optimal utilization.
- Monitoring Manhole & Bins: Monitoring the condition of city infrastructure for timely repairs and maintenance.
- Pool Management: Smart systems for pool cleaning, heating, and water quality.
- Electricity and Water Metering: Smart meters for accurate tracking of consumption and billing.
- Parking management: Automated parking systems for better utilization and ease of parking.
-
Parking Management System:
- Aims to reduce fuel consumption by helping drivers quickly find available parking spaces.
- Reduces operational costs, increases revenue, improves time management, and enhances convenience.
-
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI):
- Provides advanced metering technologies for real-time monitoring of energy consumption and other utility services.
- Offers detailed information for improving efficiency, reducing waste, and managing resources effectively.
Types of sensors
-
Passive sensors:
- Inductance: LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer)
- Capacitance: Piezo
- Resistance: NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient), PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient).
-
Active sensors:
- Communication Interfaces: CAN (Controller Area Network), I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic), RS485, RS232, USB, ETHERNET, WIEGAND, 1-WIRE
- Specific Sensor Types: CPS-30NOC15B Proximity Sensor, GY68 Pressure Sensor, BH1750 LUX Sensor, HC-SR05 Ultrasonic Sensor, CAX60 Encoder, Industrial Soil Moisture Sensor, Humidity and Temperature Sensor, Minivls-313 Laser Speed Sensor, APL Flow Meter, WG215 Flow Sensor, Digital Temperature Sensor (DS18B20), RS485 PM15PS
### Examples of IoT Devices
-
Sensors:
- Proximity Sensor
- Gas sensor
- Light Sensor
- Humidity Sensor
- Temperature Sensor
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Actuators:
- Motorized Curtain
- Barrier (e.g., for gates)
- Lamp
- Motor
- AC (air conditioner)
Communication Protocols
-
Short-Range:
- Zigbee (WPAN - Wireless Personal Area Network)
- Wi-Fi (WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network)
- 6LowPAN (Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network)
-
Long-Range:
- LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network)
- NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things - Cellular)
- LTE-M (Long Term Evolution for Machines - Cellular)
- 5G (Cellular)
Platforms and Applications
-
Platforms:
- Protocols: MQTT, CoAP, REST API, Custom protocols.
- Cloud Storage: Provides space for storing vast amounts of sensor data.
-
Applications:
- Dashboards: Visual representations of data collected from IoT devices.
- Mobile Applications: User-friendly interfaces for interacting with IoT systems.
- Data Analysis Tools: Analyze and interpret data to gain insights and make informed decisions.
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Description
Explore the fascinating journey of the Internet of Things (IoT) from its conceptual beginnings in the 1960s to its current status as a driving force in the fourth industrial revolution. This quiz covers key milestones, innovations, and the evolution of interconnected devices that have shaped modern technology.
