Introduction to International Organizations
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Questions and Answers

Which description best captures Jose Alvarez's concept of international organizations?

  • Entities that are easily controlled by member states.
  • Ultimate authorities that impose will or decisions. (correct)
  • Informal groups that meet occasionally for dialogue.
  • Representations of democratic ideals and cooperation.

    • What distinguishes intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) from non-governmental organizations (NGOs)?

  • NGOs focus on policy-making, whereas IGOs focus on enforcement.
  • NGOs are always informal, while IGOs are formal entities.
  • IGOs address local concerns, while NGOs operate globally.
  • IGOs are established by states through treaties, while NGOs are established by non-state actors. (correct)

    • What is a key characteristic of informal international organizations?

  • They meet regularly to discuss global issues.
  • They pursue cooperation without a formal treaty. (correct)
  • They require membership fees to participate.
  • They operate under a strict legal framework.

    • Which of the following is an example of a non-governmental organization (NGO)?

    <p>Human Rights Watch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects a common critique of international organizations?

    <p>They are a sign of outdated imperialism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes international organizations (IOs) from informal organizations?

    <p>IOs are characterized by formal rules and procedures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the membership of international organizations?

    <p>Universal membership allows every state to join an IO.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organization primarily focuses on 'rule-making'?

    <p>Rule-making organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of international organizations?

    <p>Regular meetings among member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between intergovernmental and supranational decision-making authorities?

    <p>Intergovernmental relies on member states' consent, whereas supranational can decide on behalf of member states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example represents a limited or issue-specific international organization?

    <p>World Trade Organization (WTO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of international organizations, what does 'compliance' refer to?

    <p>Member states' adherence to the established norms and rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes organizations that execute policy and monitor compliance?

    <p>Operational organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do liberals assume about humans based on Enlightenment principles?

    <p>Humans can reason and progress towards a better world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to liberalism, what is a key condition for states to peacefully cooperate?

    <p>Democratic governance and economic interdependence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one limitation of liberalism when studying international organizations (IOs)?

    <p>It does not address the differences in power among states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'interest-group liberalism' emphasize in the context of the national interest?

    <p>The influence of substate actors on national policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do liberals view the role of international organizations in achieving peace?

    <p>As facilitators of shared values and cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory focuses on the formal and informal rules governing international relations?

    <p>Regime theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criticism do liberal theories face regarding the study of international organizations?

    <p>They fail to adequately address IOs as independent actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which thinker associated with liberalism believed in democracy as a cornerstone for international cooperation?

    <p>Immanuel Kant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of the Assembly according to Article 3?

    <p>Address any matter related to peace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is noted as one of the oldest and has grown out of the labor movement?

    <p>International Labour Organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for admitting new members to the League of Nations?

    <p>⅔ majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did countries start sending permanent representations to the League's headquarters?

    <p>Upon the headquarters moving to Geneva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many permanent members were part of the Council of the League?

    <p>Six</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT a subject of the Special Commissions?

    <p>Agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which majority is required for procedural decisions in the Assembly?

    <p>Simple majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which permanent member left the Council in 1937?

    <p>Italy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one major reason for the failure of the League of Nations in enforcing its decisions?

    <p>There was no enforcement mechanism against breaches of the Covenant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Secretary-General of the League of Nations served the longest term?

    <p>Sir Eric Drummond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributed to the loss of credibility of the League of Nations?

    <p>The indifference of powerful states like Great Britain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major issue arose from the League's inability to reconcile deterrence and disarmament?

    <p>An increase in global arms races.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did economic nationalism affect the League of Nations' objectives?

    <p>It weakened belief in interdependence leading to prosperity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to International Organizations

    • International organizations (IOs) are “secular gods” (Jose Alvarez) with ultimate authority and power.
    • IOs are also considered “Frankenstein monsters” (Jose Alvarez) because they are difficult to control once they gain power.
    • Mark Mazower views them as symbols of “imperial internationalism” due to their lingering influence from past imperial practices.
    • President Trump's view of the UN as a “club for people to get together, talk and have a good time” highlights a more informal perception of certain IOs.

    Types of IOs

    • Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) are established by states through treaties and are based on inter-state agreements.
    • Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) are established by non-state actors and are driven by “common purpose.”
    • IOs can be formal (with treaties and rules) or informal (coalitions of states without treaties).
    • IOs are a type of international institution, but not all international institutions are IOs.

    Characteristics of International Organizations

    • Formal IOs feature:
      • Formal treaty basis
      • Formal rules and procedures
      • Regular state meetings
      • At least 3 member states
      • Bureaucracy/headquarters
    • Informal IOs lack these features.

    Categorizing IOs

    • Membership:
      • Universal: Every state can join (e.g., UN).
      • Limited: Only certain states can join (e.g., EU).
    • Competence:
      • Comprehensive/general purpose: Deals with various issues (e.g., UN).
      • Limited/issue-specific: Focused on a specific area (e.g., WTO).
    • Function:
      • Rule-making: Sets policies and regulations (e.g., UN).
      • Operational: Executes policies and monitors compliance (e.g., IAEA).
    • Decision-making Authority:
      • Intergovernmental: Decisions made by member states based on pooled sovereignty (e.g., voting).
      • Supranational: Decisions made by an organizational body based on delegated sovereignty by member states.

    The League of Nations

    • The League of Nations was established after World War I to prevent future conflicts.
    • Key Organs:
      • Assembly: The main decision-making body, with a requirement for a 2/3 majority for certain decisions.
      • Council: The executive body with six permanent members (GB, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, Soviet Union) and four non-permanent members.
      • Permanent Secretariat: The administrative body that supports the Assembly and Council.

    The League's Failure

    • The League’s failure is attributed to several reasons:
      • No effective enforcement mechanisms for breaches of the Covenant.
      • Dominance of national interests among powerful states, leading to a lack of credibility.
      • Inability to reconcile the demands of deterrence and disarmament.
      • No system for collective defense.
      • Economic nationalism hindered peaceful international cooperation.

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    Introduction to International Organizations PDF

    Description

    Explore the complex roles and types of international organizations (IOs), including intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. Understand the diverse perspectives on their authority and influence in global governance. This quiz will challenge your knowledge of key concepts and figures in the study of IOs.

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