Introduction to Information Technology Concepts

A digital signal is a type of information that consists of a series of 0s and 1s. Computers understand this language using binary digits, also known as bits.

A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of information that a computer can store. It represents a single binary value (0 or 1).

A byte is a group of eight bits, which can represent a single character, like a letter, number, or symbol. It's like a small word in the computer's language.

Digital convergence refers to the merging of different technologies into one, using digital signals. This allows us to access various forms of media – text, audio, video – from different devices.

Digitalization is the process of converting traditional analog information or physical objects into digital formats, using 0s and 1s. This makes it easier to store, share, and access information.

The ASCII table is a standard that assigns unique numeric codes to characters, allowing computers to understand and process text. Each character is represented by an 8-bit code, which is basically a byte.

The process of converting information from analog to digital. This allows machines to understand and process the information.

Digitalization has led to the rise of digital technologies and ICT (Information and Communication Technology), impacting how we communicate, work, and live.

The shift in user role from passive consumers to active creators of content, enabled by technologies like blogs, social media, and user-generated content (UGC).

The ability of systems and devices to communicate and share data seamlessly, often using digital signals (0s and 1s).

The process of automating tasks previously done manually using computer systems and information technology.

The generation, collection, and analysis of data from online activities, which can provide insights and drive decision-making.

A website where users can collaboratively create, edit, and delete content, often used for information sharing and knowledge building.

Companies using social media platforms for communication, collaboration, and connecting with customers.

The first generation of the web, characterized by static content and limited user interaction.

The collection and analysis of large datasets to uncover patterns and insights.

A system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision-making and control within an organization.

Raw facts, usually about physical events or business transactions, that lack inherent meaning on their own.

A standardized encoding system for characters that uses 32 bits to represent a wide range of symbols.

The combination of hardware, software, and telecommunication networks used to manage, store, and communicate information.

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, including machines, techniques, and processes.

A set of interrelated components working together within defined boundaries to achieve common objectives by transforming inputs into outputs.

A standard coding system used to represent characters on computers, originally designed for American English.

The way information is measured in computers, typically in multiples of 2 raised to the power of 10.

A website specifically designed for sharing information and collaborating with select external partners, like suppliers or customers. Access is granted through secure login, protecting data with firewalls and virtual private networks.

A system that gathers, analyzes, and distributes data and information for decision making. It involves technology (ICT), people, processes, and the data itself.

Decisions where clear guidelines exist, allowing for predictable consequences. These decisions involve established procedures and high levels of certainty.

Decisions made in strategic situations where procedures are unclear, and the consequences are less predictable. These decisions involve a high degree of uncertainty.

The top level in an organization responsible for setting strategic goals, overseeing operations, and making high-level decisions. They have the overall responsibility of the company.

A level in an organization that collects and analyzes information from the executive level, then sets shorter-term objectives to achieve the strategic goals. They supervise and guide the operational level.

The operational level in an organization performs the day-to-day tasks and activities required to execute the strategic goals. They focus on executing tasks rather than strategic decisions.

The use of information systems to improve productivity, profitability, gain competitive advantage, reach more customers, and enhance customer service. Organizations leverage information systems to achieve these goals.

Web 2.0 shifted communication from one-way broadcasts to interactive dialogues, allowing users and customers to respond and engage.

The ability for objects to automatically share data over the internet without human intervention, creating a network of connected things.

Collecting data from objects and transforming it into useful information to improve quality of life, efficiency, or health.

Smart homes, cities, factories, and healthcare systems that use IoT to enhance efficiency, safety, and convenience.

Wearable devices, like fitness trackers and smartwatches, that collect data about your body and health, often for monitoring and improving performance.

Leveraging social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram to build relationships, engage with customers, and promote products or services.

A key aspect of social media marketing that involves actively listening to customers, analyzing their feedback, and responding accordingly.

Engaging customers in conversation, encouraging interaction, and building a sense of community around a brand or organization.

The ability to analyze and process vast amounts of data quickly, usually generated at a high rate (like every second).

Software and tools used to collect, analyze, and extract insights from massive amounts of data that traditional methods can't handle.

The ability of computer systems to mimic human intelligence using algorithms and data processing.

The link between big data, IoT, mobile devices, and social media means these technologies generate large amounts of data that can be analyzed using big data tools.

The ability of cloud computing to provide the storage space and processing power necessary for big data analysis.

The ability of AI systems to understand and respond to natural language, allowing them to participate in tasks like answering questions or playing games.

The ability of AI systems to learn from data and improve their performance over time.