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Questions and Answers
Which organization is considered the forerunner of the CIA?
Which organization is considered the forerunner of the CIA?
What specialty area emerged in I/O psychology after WW II related to design control systems?
What specialty area emerged in I/O psychology after WW II related to design control systems?
Which civil rights legislation addressed discrimination in employment practices for underrepresented groups?
Which civil rights legislation addressed discrimination in employment practices for underrepresented groups?
What is the mission of I/O Psychology according to SIOP?
What is the mission of I/O Psychology according to SIOP?
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What trend refers to the strategy of reducing an organization’s workforce to improve organizational efficiency and/or competitiveness?
What trend refers to the strategy of reducing an organization’s workforce to improve organizational efficiency and/or competitiveness?
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What does the second trend of I/O psychology focus on?
What does the second trend of I/O psychology focus on?
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What group makes up two thirds of all entering workers in the labor market?
What group makes up two thirds of all entering workers in the labor market?
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What is the third trend in I/O psychology according to the text?
What is the third trend in I/O psychology according to the text?
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Who is considered a pioneer in the development of Industrial/Organizational Psychology?
Who is considered a pioneer in the development of Industrial/Organizational Psychology?
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What was the primary focus of Taylor's scientific management movement?
What was the primary focus of Taylor's scientific management movement?
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Which study led to the discovery of the Hawthorne effect?
Which study led to the discovery of the Hawthorne effect?
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Who emphasized the importance of social factors in influencing work performance, leading to the human relations movement?
Who emphasized the importance of social factors in influencing work performance, leading to the human relations movement?
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Which movement emphasized the importance of social factors in influencing work performance?
Which movement emphasized the importance of social factors in influencing work performance?
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Who worked with the U.S. Army to develop intelligence tests for army recruits during World War I?
Who worked with the U.S. Army to develop intelligence tests for army recruits during World War I?
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What is the primary focus of Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology?
What is the primary focus of Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology?
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What are the basic personnel functions within organizations that I/O psychologists deal with?
What are the basic personnel functions within organizations that I/O psychologists deal with?
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What is the main objective of I/O psychology according to the text?
What is the main objective of I/O psychology according to the text?
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Which field does I/O psychology consider as multidisciplinary and keeps minds open to developments in?
Which field does I/O psychology consider as multidisciplinary and keeps minds open to developments in?
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What model emphasizes the integration of scientific research and practical application in I/O psychology?
What model emphasizes the integration of scientific research and practical application in I/O psychology?
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At which level are Industrial/Organizational Psychologists typically qualified?
At which level are Industrial/Organizational Psychologists typically qualified?
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Industrial/Organizational Psychology started to take hold in the 1920s due to the growth of industrialization in the US, and the first PhD degree in this field was awarded in 1921.
Industrial/Organizational Psychology started to take hold in the 1920s due to the growth of industrialization in the US, and the first PhD degree in this field was awarded in 1921.
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The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in behavior occurring as a function of participants’ knowledge that they are being observed and their expectations concerning their role as research participants.
The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in behavior occurring as a function of participants’ knowledge that they are being observed and their expectations concerning their role as research participants.
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The human relations movement emphasizes the importance of physical factors in influencing work performance.
The human relations movement emphasizes the importance of physical factors in influencing work performance.
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During World War I, Robert Yerkes worked with the U.S. Army to develop intelligence tests for army recruits, leading to the first mass testing efforts.
During World War I, Robert Yerkes worked with the U.S. Army to develop intelligence tests for army recruits, leading to the first mass testing efforts.
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Scientific management movement, pioneered by Frederick Taylor, focused on applying scientific principles to improve the efficiency and productivity of jobs, primarily through time-and-motion studies.
Scientific management movement, pioneered by Frederick Taylor, focused on applying scientific principles to improve the efficiency and productivity of jobs, primarily through time-and-motion studies.
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I/O psychology began to blossom and specialty areas began to emerge after World War I.
I/O psychology began to blossom and specialty areas began to emerge after World War I.
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The Defense Industry in the 1950s and 1960s led to the development of Human Factor Psychology, also known as Engineering Psychology.
The Defense Industry in the 1950s and 1960s led to the development of Human Factor Psychology, also known as Engineering Psychology.
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The Civil Rights Legislation of 1964 addressed discrimination in employment practices for underrepresented groups.
The Civil Rights Legislation of 1964 addressed discrimination in employment practices for underrepresented groups.
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The mission of I/O Psychology, as per SIOP, is to enhance human well-being and performance by promoting the science, practice, and teaching of I-O psychology.
The mission of I/O Psychology, as per SIOP, is to enhance human well-being and performance by promoting the science, practice, and teaching of I-O psychology.
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The trend of increasing diversity in the workforce is not a significant factor in the modern era of Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
The trend of increasing diversity in the workforce is not a significant factor in the modern era of Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
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I/O psychology primarily focuses on the study of behavior and mental processes in work settings.
I/O psychology primarily focuses on the study of behavior and mental processes in work settings.
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I/O psychologists are only concerned with the basic personnel functions within organizations.
I/O psychologists are only concerned with the basic personnel functions within organizations.
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The primary mission of I/O psychology is to reduce an organization's workforce to improve efficiency and competitiveness.
The primary mission of I/O psychology is to reduce an organization's workforce to improve efficiency and competitiveness.
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I/O psychology considers itself a multidisciplinary field and keeps open minds to developments in other fields.
I/O psychology considers itself a multidisciplinary field and keeps open minds to developments in other fields.
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The scientist-practitioner model in I/O psychology mainly emphasizes practical application over scientific research.
The scientist-practitioner model in I/O psychology mainly emphasizes practical application over scientific research.
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Study Notes
Origins of I/O Psychology
- The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) is considered the forerunner of the CIA.
- Industrial/Organizational Psychology started to take hold in the 1920s due to the growth of industrialization in the US, and the first PhD degree in this field was awarded in 1921.
- Robert Yerkes worked with the U.S. Army to develop intelligence tests for army recruits during World War I, leading to the first mass testing efforts.
Subfields of I/O Psychology
- Human Factor Psychology, also known as Engineering Psychology, emerged in the 1950s and 1960s due to the Defense Industry.
- A specialty area that emerged in I/O psychology after WW II is related to design control systems.
Civil Rights Legislation
- The Civil Rights Legislation of 1964 addressed discrimination in employment practices for underrepresented groups.
Mission of I/O Psychology
- The mission of I/O Psychology, as per SIOP, is to enhance human well-being and performance by promoting the science, practice, and teaching of I-O psychology.
- The primary focus of Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology is the study of behavior and mental processes in work settings.
- The main objective of I/O psychology is to enhance human well-being and performance.
Basic Personnel Functions
- I/O psychologists deal with basic personnel functions within organizations, including recruitment, selection, training, and development.
Trends in I/O Psychology
- One trend refers to the strategy of reducing an organization's workforce to improve organizational efficiency and/or competitiveness.
- The second trend of I/O psychology focuses on increasing diversity in the workforce.
- The third trend in I/O psychology is the application of technology to improve performance.
Key Figures
- Frederick Taylor pioneered the scientific management movement, which focused on applying scientific principles to improve the efficiency and productivity of jobs, primarily through time-and-motion studies.
- The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in behavior occurring as a function of participants' knowledge that they are being observed and their expectations concerning their role as research participants, and was discovered through a study.
- Elton Mayo emphasized the importance of social factors in influencing work performance, leading to the human relations movement.
Characteristics of I/O Psychology
- I/O psychology considers itself a multidisciplinary field and keeps open minds to developments in other fields.
- The scientist-practitioner model in I/O psychology emphasizes the integration of scientific research and practical application.
- Industrial/Organizational Psychologists are typically qualified at a doctoral level.
Workforce Demographics
- Women and minorities make up two-thirds of all entering workers in the labor market.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the definitions, history, and key concepts of Industrial/Organizational Psychology. This quiz covers the study of behavior in work settings and the role of I/O psychologists in various organizational functions.
