Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of IgM antibodies?
What is the primary function of IgM antibodies?
- Providing passive immunity to newborns
- Regulating immune cell activity
- Defending against chronic infections
- Initiating the earliest antibody response in a primary immune response (correct)
Which immunoglobulin is known for being primarily involved in allergic reactions?
Which immunoglobulin is known for being primarily involved in allergic reactions?
- IgG
- IgA
- IgD
- IgE (correct)
How does IgG provide protection to newborns?
How does IgG provide protection to newborns?
- Through maternal transfer across the placenta (correct)
- By activating the complement system
- By rapidly neutralizing toxins in the infant's bloodstream
- By being produced in large amounts by newborns
What is the primary location of IgD antibodies?
What is the primary location of IgD antibodies?
What process do phagocytes use to eliminate pathogens?
What process do phagocytes use to eliminate pathogens?
Which is a characteristic of IgG antibodies?
Which is a characteristic of IgG antibodies?
Which immunoglobulin cannot activate the complement system?
Which immunoglobulin cannot activate the complement system?
What defines the primary immune response in relation to the immunoglobulin types?
What defines the primary immune response in relation to the immunoglobulin types?
What is the primary focus of the first session on immunology?
What is the primary focus of the first session on immunology?
Which of the following methods is encouraged for notetaking in immunology?
Which of the following methods is encouraged for notetaking in immunology?
Which component is NOT associated with the adaptive immune system?
Which component is NOT associated with the adaptive immune system?
What must students complete to prepare for the next immunology session?
What must students complete to prepare for the next immunology session?
Which of the following accurately describes 'non-specific immunity'?
Which of the following accurately describes 'non-specific immunity'?
Which is a correct definition of immunology?
Which is a correct definition of immunology?
Which of the following organs is NOT part of the immune system?
Which of the following organs is NOT part of the immune system?
What is the expected learning outcome from the introductory session on immunology?
What is the expected learning outcome from the introductory session on immunology?
What is the primary role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)?
What is the primary role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)?
Which of the following cells differentiates into macrophages after exiting the bloodstream?
Which of the following cells differentiates into macrophages after exiting the bloodstream?
What is one of the main functions of macrophages in the immune system?
What is one of the main functions of macrophages in the immune system?
Which cells are considered granulocytes?
Which cells are considered granulocytes?
What type of immune response do neutrophils primarily contribute to?
What type of immune response do neutrophils primarily contribute to?
Which cytokine function is associated with macrophages?
Which cytokine function is associated with macrophages?
Which type of cell is classified as mononuclear leukocytes?
Which type of cell is classified as mononuclear leukocytes?
What is the main target of neutrophils during immune response?
What is the main target of neutrophils during immune response?
What role do antigen-presenting cells play in the immune system?
What role do antigen-presenting cells play in the immune system?
Where are antigen-presenting cells primarily found in the body?
Where are antigen-presenting cells primarily found in the body?
How do antigen-presenting cells influence B cell activation?
How do antigen-presenting cells influence B cell activation?
Which of the following best defines a microbe?
Which of the following best defines a microbe?
What is one key function of antigen-presenting cells regarding T cells?
What is one key function of antigen-presenting cells regarding T cells?
What is the role of an antigen in the immune response?
What is the role of an antigen in the immune response?
What is the main purpose of the adaptive immune response initiated by antigen-presenting cells?
What is the main purpose of the adaptive immune response initiated by antigen-presenting cells?
Cytokines are primarily known for which of the following functions?
Cytokines are primarily known for which of the following functions?
Which type of antibody is found in the mucosal linings and provides protection in body secretions?
Which type of antibody is found in the mucosal linings and provides protection in body secretions?
Which statement about cytokines is incorrect?
Which statement about cytokines is incorrect?
What specific role do antibodies have in the immune system?
What specific role do antibodies have in the immune system?
Which of the following is NOT a type of cytokine?
Which of the following is NOT a type of cytokine?
What is the significance of the term 'commensal' in relation to microbes?
What is the significance of the term 'commensal' in relation to microbes?
Study Notes
Introduction to Immunology and Immunopathology
- This workbook can be used in conjunction with self-directed sessions on Immunology
- The premise of the first session (Introduction to Immunology) is for students to complete tasks in a self-directed way
- Students should work through each PowerPoint slide and follow the instructions
- Links to documents and research articles are provided to gain knowledge and complete tasks
- Students are encouraged to use notetaking methods including spider diagrams, pictures, and tables to help build Immunology notes
- Students should complete the workbook to meet intended learning outcomes
Components of the Immune System
- The immune system is made up of various organs and tissues
Immunology Terminology
- Microbe: Microscopic organisms that reside in water, soil, and air... Some microbes are pathogenic while many are important for health
- Antigen: Any substance that is able to cause an immune response in the body. Antigens react specifically with the resultant antibodies and/or cells generated
- Cytokine: A type of protein that impacts the immune system by either ramping it up or slowing it down. These can be produced naturally or in a laboratory
- Antibody: Special proteins created by white blood cells (activated B cells) that can kill or weaken infection-causing organisms. Also referred to as immunoglobulin (Ig)
- Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs): A type of white blood cell (WBC)
Cells of the Immune system
- Macrophage:
- Is a mononuclear leukocyte
- Is derived from monocytes that turn into macrophages when they exit the bloodstream
- Are phagocytes
- Function in the innate immune system by participating in:
- Phagocytosis
- Antigen presentation
- Recruitment of other phagocytes
- Destruction of old, damaged, and dead cells
- Neutrophils:
- Are granulocytes
- Are the most common WBC
- Are derived from myeloblast.
- Function in both the innate and adaptive immune systems by participating in:
- Phagocytosis
- Antigen presentation
- Cell signaling
- Production of cytokines
- Activation of immature T cells
- Stimulation of B-cell growth and differentiation
Immunoglobulin Structure and Function
- IgD: Found in blood in low levels. Cannot activate complement system
- IgE: Found in serum in small amounts. Most is attached to mast cells and basophils (granulocytes). High levels are found in people with allergies
- IgG: Most common antibody in blood/tissue fluid (75% of total serum immunoglobulin level).
- Defends against diffusing toxins and spreading microbes.
- Is mainly involved in secondary immune responses.
- Is an effective opsonin.
- Maternal IgG is transferred across the placenta, giving passive protection to newborns
- IgM: Largest of the immunoglobulin molecules.
- Usually the earliest antibody response in a primary immune response
- Is short-lived
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Description
This workbook is designed to guide students through a self-directed study of immunology, focusing on the components of the immune system and essential terminology. Students will engage with PowerPoint slides, utilize provided documents, and enhance their notes using various methods. Completing this workbook will help meet the learning outcomes in immunology.
