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Questions and Answers
_______ is the study of the structure of the body; the stomach is divided into the fundus, body, and pylorus.
_______ is the study of the structure of the body; the stomach is divided into the fundus, body, and pylorus.
Anatomy
_______ Physiology describes the functioning of the body; the stomach delivers partially digested food to the small intestine.
_______ Physiology describes the functioning of the body; the stomach delivers partially digested food to the small intestine.
Physiology
_______ studies the improper functioning of the body as in disease; the stomach may ulcerate, causing severe pain.
_______ studies the improper functioning of the body as in disease; the stomach may ulcerate, causing severe pain.
Pathophysiology
Can you give three examples of why the human figures are not in the anatomical position?
Can you give three examples of why the human figures are not in the anatomical position?
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How does the equipment (heater and air conditioner) work homeostatically to maintain temperature at 72° F?
How does the equipment (heater and air conditioner) work homeostatically to maintain temperature at 72° F?
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Explain the terms distal/proximal and superior/inferior with examples.
Explain the terms distal/proximal and superior/inferior with examples.
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Which plane yields the chest, brain, one leg, and one arm?
Which plane yields the chest, brain, one leg, and one arm?
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Which plane yields one face, two anterior thighs, and one belly button?
Which plane yields one face, two anterior thighs, and one belly button?
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What view of the body would you see with a transverse cut?
What view of the body would you see with a transverse cut?
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What does the crown illustrate in Figure 1-5, B?
What does the crown illustrate in Figure 1-5, B?
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______ refers to organs.
______ refers to organs.
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What happened when you report that your postsurgical patient has eviscerated?
What happened when you report that your postsurgical patient has eviscerated?
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______ are internal spaces.
______ are internal spaces.
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List the cavities that are located in the ventral cavity.
List the cavities that are located in the ventral cavity.
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List the two divisions (or cavities) located in the dorsal cavity.
List the two divisions (or cavities) located in the dorsal cavity.
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What cavity is divided into quadrants and regions?
What cavity is divided into quadrants and regions?
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What large organ occupies most of the RUQ?
What large organ occupies most of the RUQ?
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In what quadrant is the right iliac region? The left hypochondriac region? The left iliac region?
In what quadrant is the right iliac region? The left hypochondriac region? The left iliac region?
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_______ is the area of the arm anterior to the elbow.
_______ is the area of the arm anterior to the elbow.
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A sample of blood is commonly drawn from a vein in the _______.
A sample of blood is commonly drawn from a vein in the _______.
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_______ is the study of life & living organisms.
_______ is the study of life & living organisms.
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_______ is the process of identifying the nature & cause of a disease or injury through an analysis of data.
_______ is the process of identifying the nature & cause of a disease or injury through an analysis of data.
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A _______ examines tissue for evidence of disease.
A _______ examines tissue for evidence of disease.
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________ refers to the relative constancy of the internal environment of the body despite many challenges.
________ refers to the relative constancy of the internal environment of the body despite many challenges.
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A _____ plane cuts across the body; an upper & lower body is created.
A _____ plane cuts across the body; an upper & lower body is created.
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Related to the middle of the epigastric region of the abdomen, a person may complain of discomfort due to __________.
Related to the middle of the epigastric region of the abdomen, a person may complain of discomfort due to __________.
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Refers to a likely course of outcome of a disease.
Refers to a likely course of outcome of a disease.
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The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into four equal areas called _______.
The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into four equal areas called _______.
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When discussing the structure of the cell, the instructor is referring to the:
When discussing the structure of the cell, the instructor is referring to the:
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Which of the following is inferior to the lumbar region?
Which of the following is inferior to the lumbar region?
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When dividing the body into quadrants, which of the following abbreviations would not be used?
When dividing the body into quadrants, which of the following abbreviations would not be used?
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The transverse plane ______.
The transverse plane ______.
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_______ can be referred to as the armpit.
_______ can be referred to as the armpit.
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_______ refers to the kneecap area.
_______ refers to the kneecap area.
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_______ refers to the breastbone area.
_______ refers to the breastbone area.
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_______ is the front part of the elbow area.
_______ is the front part of the elbow area.
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The lumbar region refers to the lower back area extending from the chest to the hips.
The lumbar region refers to the lower back area extending from the chest to the hips.
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_______ pertains to the cheek.
_______ pertains to the cheek.
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_______ refers to the groin region.
_______ refers to the groin region.
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_______ refers to the shoulder blade area.
_______ refers to the shoulder blade area.
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_______ is the fleshy part of the side between the ribs & the hip.
_______ is the fleshy part of the side between the ribs & the hip.
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_______ pertains to the mouth.
_______ pertains to the mouth.
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Which organ system contains glands that secrete hormones?
Which organ system contains glands that secrete hormones?
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The major organ system that protects the body from allergens such as pollen and bee venom is the:
The major organ system that protects the body from allergens such as pollen and bee venom is the:
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Cavity that contains the thoracic cavity & abdominopelvic cavity:
Cavity that contains the thoracic cavity & abdominopelvic cavity:
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Space within the thoracic cavity that contains the heart, great vessels, and trachea:
Space within the thoracic cavity that contains the heart, great vessels, and trachea:
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Part of the ventral cavity that contains the lungs:
Part of the ventral cavity that contains the lungs:
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Part of the ventral cavity that is inferior to the diaphragm:
Part of the ventral cavity that is inferior to the diaphragm:
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Cavity that contains the cranial & spinal cavities:
Cavity that contains the cranial & spinal cavities:
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Cavity that contains the brain but not the spinal cord:
Cavity that contains the brain but not the spinal cord:
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Cavity that contains the spinal cord but not the brain:
Cavity that contains the spinal cord but not the brain:
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The lungs are located in the:
The lungs are located in the:
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The simplest level of human body organization is a(an):
The simplest level of human body organization is a(an):
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Which of the following is not true of the dorsal cavity?
Which of the following is not true of the dorsal cavity?
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When a doctor explains the consequences of a pancreas that does not function properly and the effect of diabetes on the body to a patient, he or she is discussing the:
When a doctor explains the consequences of a pancreas that does not function properly and the effect of diabetes on the body to a patient, he or she is discussing the:
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The surface of the abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into four quadrants or __ separate regions.
The surface of the abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into four quadrants or __ separate regions.
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A 26-year-old man is scheduled for an appendectomy. Which of the following areas is involved surgically?
A 26-year-old man is scheduled for an appendectomy. Which of the following areas is involved surgically?
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The sagittal plane:
The sagittal plane:
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The RUQ:
The RUQ:
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The ability of the body to maintain a stable environment in response to a changing environment is referred to as:
The ability of the body to maintain a stable environment in response to a changing environment is referred to as:
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A patient was admitted to the emergency department. The physician recorded the patient's pain as originating in the lower lumbar region, radiating down to the right gluteal and femoral regions. Which of the following is a restatement of this description?
A patient was admitted to the emergency department. The physician recorded the patient's pain as originating in the lower lumbar region, radiating down to the right gluteal and femoral regions. Which of the following is a restatement of this description?
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The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity. The best term to refer to the relationship of the lungs to the diaphragm is:
The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity. The best term to refer to the relationship of the lungs to the diaphragm is:
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Opposite of medial; this term means 'away from the midline of the body.'
Opposite of medial; this term means 'away from the midline of the body.'
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Used to describe farther away from the point of attachment.
Used to describe farther away from the point of attachment.
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The part of the arm bone (radius) that is closer to the elbow than to the wrist is called:
The part of the arm bone (radius) that is closer to the elbow than to the wrist is called:
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Describes the position of the stomach to the diaphragm.
Describes the position of the stomach to the diaphragm.
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'Toward the front' (the belly surface); another word is:
'Toward the front' (the belly surface); another word is:
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Describes a part that is located on or near the surface of the body.
Describes a part that is located on or near the surface of the body.
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List the body's level of organization from simplest to most complex.
List the body's level of organization from simplest to most complex.
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What are the 12 major organ systems?
What are the 12 major organ systems?
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______ refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment in response to various internal & external challenges.
______ refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment in response to various internal & external challenges.
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The anatomical position is the body standing erect, arms by the side, with palms & toes facing forward.
The anatomical position is the body standing erect, arms by the side, with palms & toes facing forward.
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What are the relative positions?
What are the relative positions?
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What are the three planes?
What are the three planes?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Human Body Terminology
- Anatomy: Study of body structure, e.g., stomach sections like fundus, body, pylorus.
- Physiology: Functioning of body systems; e.g., the stomach's role in digestion.
- Pathophysiology: Examines body functions in disease states; can include conditions like ulcers.
Anatomical Position and Relation Terms
- Anatomical Position: Body stands erect, face forward, arms at the sides, palms and toes directed forward.
- Relative Terms: Distal (farther) and proximal (closer) describe positioning; e.g., the wrist is distal to the elbow.
- Superior / Inferior: Terms used to describe locations; e.g., the umbilicus is superior to the urinary bladder.
Body Planes
- Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into right and left halves.
- Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Creates front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections; relevant to the chest and limbs.
- Transverse Plane: Cuts horizontally into upper and lower parts of the body.
Body Cavities
- Ventral Cavity: Contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
- Dorsal Cavity: Includes cranial and spinal cavities.
- Abdominopelvic Cavity: Further divided into quadrants and regions for anatomical reference.
Key Body Regions and Structures
- RUQ (Right Upper Quadrant): Contains the liver.
- Quadrants: Abdominopelvic cavity divided into four quadrants: RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ.
- Viscera: General term for internal organs.
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis: The ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes; examples include body temperature and blood glucose levels.
- Homeostatic Mechanism: Systems that detect and respond to changes; e.g., heaters and air conditioners maintain temperature.
Organ Systems
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Twelve Major Organ Systems:
- Integumentary
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Endocrine
- Circulatory
- Lymphatic
- Immune
- Respiratory
- Digestive
- Urinary
- Reproductive
Levels of Organization
- Levels from simplest to complex: Atoms → Molecules → Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism.
Specialized Terms
- Antecubital: Area of the arm in front of the elbow; common site for blood draws.
- Midepigastric: Refers to the center of the upper abdomen, often cited in pain assessments.
- Lateral: Away from the midline of the body; opposite of medial.
- Superficial vs. Deep: Refers to position relative to the surface of the body.
Anatomical References and Abbreviations
- Cranial Cavity: Contains the brain only.
- Vertebral Cavity: Contains the spinal cord only.
- Abdominopelvic Regions: Can be divided into nine regions for detailed study and diagnosis.
Important Concepts
- Diagnosis: Process of identifying a disease from symptoms and lab analysis.
- Prognosis: The likely course and outcome of a health condition.
- Biology: Study of life and living organisms, fundamental to understanding anatomy and physiology.
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Description
This quiz explores essential terminology related to human anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology. Discover how the body's structure is described and understand terms used for anatomical positions and body planes. Test your knowledge on the relationships between different body parts.
