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Questions and Answers
What is Hematology?
The study/science of blood.
Which of the following is NOT a type of blood vessel?
Match the suffixes with their meanings:
-algia = pain along a nerve -cide = the killer of -emia = blood -itis = inflammation
Capillaries are the largest type of blood vessel.
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Red blood cells are also known as ______.
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What is the liquid portion of unclotted blood called?
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The main function of red blood cells is to transport ______.
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What is a critical step in blood collection?
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What should a phlebotomist maintain?
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Platelets are also known as leukocytes.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Hematology
- Hematology derives from Greek, combining "haima" (blood) and "logos" (study).
- Blood is a red liquid circulating through the heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries.
Types of Blood Vessels
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Arteries:
- Distributing blood vessels exiting the heart with thickest walls.
- Diameter: approximately 4 mm.
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Veins:
- Collecting blood vessels returning to the heart, largest vessels with an irregular lumen.
- Diameter: approximately 5 mm.
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Capillaries:
- Smallest blood vessels facilitating exchange between arterial and venous systems.
- Diameter: approximately 8 micrometers (um).
Functions of Blood
- Respiratory: Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- Nutritional: Provides nutrients to cells.
- Excretory: Eliminates waste products.
- Buffers body pH and maintains temperature.
- Carries hormones and contributes to defense mechanisms.
Blood Composition
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Liquid Portion:
- Plasma: Unclotted blood component.
- Serum: Liquid portion after clotting.
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Solid Portion:
- Red Blood Cells (RBCs): Erythrocytes; also known as erythroplastids or akaryocyte (nucleus-free cells).
- White Blood Cells (WBCs): Leukocytes; categorized as granular (Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils) and agranular (Lymphocytes, Monocytes).
- Platelets: Thrombocytes involved in clotting.
- Gaseous Portion: Includes oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Blood Collection
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Patient Identification:
- Confirm patient’s full name, age, gender, and birthdate; should be done by the patient.
- Critical step; mislabeling is a significant error.
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Phlebotomist Hygiene:
- Essential for maintaining health and hygiene: clean clothes, hair, and short fingernails.
- Adhere to standard precautions, especially with gloves and handwashing.
Characteristics of Blood
- Fluid state (in vivo).
- Slightly alkaline pH.
- Average specific gravity: 1.055.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of hematology, the study of blood. Learn about the types of blood vessels, their functions, and the essential roles blood plays in the body. This quiz will test your knowledge of blood composition and its various functions.
