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Questions and Answers
What is the primary aim of the course General Psychology?
What is the primary aim of the course General Psychology?
- To develop advanced research methodologies
- To analyze economic behaviors
- To focus solely on the historical development of psychology
- To introduce basic concepts of psychology and their real-life applications (correct)
The course on General Psychology primarily focuses on the historical context of psychological theories.
The course on General Psychology primarily focuses on the historical context of psychological theories.
False (B)
What interaction does the course examine in determining behaviors and mental processes?
What interaction does the course examine in determining behaviors and mental processes?
The interaction of nature and nurture
This course will help students understand the role of _____ factors in psychology.
This course will help students understand the role of _____ factors in psychology.
Match the following learning outcomes with their descriptions:
Match the following learning outcomes with their descriptions:
Which of the following is NOT a branch of psychology?
Which of the following is NOT a branch of psychology?
Theories of motivation include behavioral, cognitive, and social theories.
Theories of motivation include behavioral, cognitive, and social theories.
What is the primary focus of cognitive learning theory?
What is the primary focus of cognitive learning theory?
In psychology, the study of __________ involves understanding the processes of acquiring, retaining, and retrieving information.
In psychology, the study of __________ involves understanding the processes of acquiring, retaining, and retrieving information.
Match the following theories with their corresponding concepts:
Match the following theories with their corresponding concepts:
Which component is NOT part of life skills?
Which component is NOT part of life skills?
Emotional intelligence is essential for managing stress.
Emotional intelligence is essential for managing stress.
What is a common cause of test anxiety?
What is a common cause of test anxiety?
The ability to keep emotions in check and respond calmly is known as __________.
The ability to keep emotions in check and respond calmly is known as __________.
Match the following skills with their definitions:
Match the following skills with their definitions:
Which of the following is a goal of life skills?
Which of the following is a goal of life skills?
Stress is always detrimental and has no positive effects.
Stress is always detrimental and has no positive effects.
Name one effective coping mechanism for managing stress.
Name one effective coping mechanism for managing stress.
Which of the following is a benefit of cultural diversity?
Which of the following is a benefit of cultural diversity?
Peer pressure can lead to positive outcomes only.
Peer pressure can lead to positive outcomes only.
What are two mechanisms for conflict resolution?
What are two mechanisms for conflict resolution?
Effective teamwork requires clear ______ and commitment.
Effective teamwork requires clear ______ and commitment.
Match the topics with their related elements:
Match the topics with their related elements:
What is a key step in the decision-making process?
What is a key step in the decision-making process?
Interpersonal skills are only important in professional settings.
Interpersonal skills are only important in professional settings.
Name a practical example of gender inclusion in Ethiopia.
Name a practical example of gender inclusion in Ethiopia.
Which perspective emphasizes the influence of unconscious wishes on behavior?
Which perspective emphasizes the influence of unconscious wishes on behavior?
The Behavioral Perspective regards mental processes as essential in understanding human behavior.
The Behavioral Perspective regards mental processes as essential in understanding human behavior.
What is the main goal of humanistic psychology?
What is the main goal of humanistic psychology?
The _____ perspective emphasizes how biological factors influence behavior, feelings, and thoughts.
The _____ perspective emphasizes how biological factors influence behavior, feelings, and thoughts.
Match the psychological perspectives with their primary focus:
Match the psychological perspectives with their primary focus:
Which perspective treats the mind as a 'black box'?
Which perspective treats the mind as a 'black box'?
The Socio-Cultural Perspective focuses exclusively on individual behavior without considering social influences.
The Socio-Cultural Perspective focuses exclusively on individual behavior without considering social influences.
What does the Cognitive Perspective primarily study?
What does the Cognitive Perspective primarily study?
What is the primary focus of structuralism?
What is the primary focus of structuralism?
Functionalism views psychology as the study of the functions of the mind.
Functionalism views psychology as the study of the functions of the mind.
Who is considered the first American psychologist?
Who is considered the first American psychologist?
Gestalt psychology views the mind as a whole, emphasizing that it must be seen as a result of the whole pattern of sensory activity and the ________.
Gestalt psychology views the mind as a whole, emphasizing that it must be seen as a result of the whole pattern of sensory activity and the ________.
Which approach believes that psychological processes are adaptive and help with survival?
Which approach believes that psychological processes are adaptive and help with survival?
Match the following psychological approaches with their founders:
Match the following psychological approaches with their founders:
Psychoanalysis focuses primarily on observable behaviors and their measurement.
Psychoanalysis focuses primarily on observable behaviors and their measurement.
What method did William James use in addition to introspection?
What method did William James use in addition to introspection?
Flashcards
General Psychology
General Psychology
A study of the science of behaviour and mental processes.
Nature vs. Nurture
Nature vs. Nurture
Examines how environmental factors and heredity influence behaviors and mental processes.
Psychological concepts
Psychological concepts
Basic ideas in psychology used to understand human behaviour and mental processes.
Learning Theories
Learning Theories
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Motivation and Emotion
Motivation and Emotion
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Psychology definition
Psychology definition
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Sensation definition
Sensation definition
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Learning definition
Learning definition
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Memory stages
Memory stages
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Motivation definition
Motivation definition
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Life Skills
Life Skills
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Components of Life Skills
Components of Life Skills
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Goals of Life Skills
Goals of Life Skills
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Stress
Stress
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Coping Mechanisms
Coping Mechanisms
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Cultural Diversity
Cultural Diversity
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Psychodynamic Perspective
Psychodynamic Perspective
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Anger Management
Anger Management
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Test Anxiety
Test Anxiety
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Benefits of Cultural Diversity
Benefits of Cultural Diversity
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Unconscious Mind
Unconscious Mind
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Managing Diversity
Managing Diversity
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Test Anxiety Reduction Skills
Test Anxiety Reduction Skills
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Behavioral Perspective
Behavioral Perspective
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Peer Pressure
Peer Pressure
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Humanistic Perspective
Humanistic Perspective
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Handling Peer Pressure
Handling Peer Pressure
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Cognitive Perspective
Cognitive Perspective
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Conflict
Conflict
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Biological Perspective
Biological Perspective
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Sociocultural Perspective
Sociocultural Perspective
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Conflict Resolution
Conflict Resolution
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Interpersonal Skills
Interpersonal Skills
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Structuralism
Structuralism
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Introspection
Introspection
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What is the focus of functionalism?
What is the focus of functionalism?
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Who is William James?
Who is William James?
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Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt Psychology
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What is the main criticism of structuralism and functionalism?
What is the main criticism of structuralism and functionalism?
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Behaviorism
Behaviorism
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Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course Title: General Psychology
- Course Code: Psych 1011Cr.
- Course Hours: 3 (5 ECTS)
- Target Group: 1st Year Students
- Instructor: Elias Kassa (Assistant Professor)
Course Description
- Introduces students to the current body of knowledge and science of psychology.
- Examines the role of environmental factors and the interplay of nature and nurture in shaping behaviors and mental processes.
Course Rationale
- Covers fundamental concepts and principles of psychology with wide-ranging applications to human life issues.
- Aims to equip students with basic psychological concepts, principles, and theories for real-world applications.
Learning Outcomes
- Students will be able to describe basic psychological concepts.
- Students will be able to compare and contrast major theoretical perspectives in psychology.
- Students will be able to discuss sensation and perception.
- Students will be able to compare and contrast different learning theories.
- Students will be able to summarize motivational and emotional processes.
- Students will be able to discuss basic notions of personality.
Course Content (Chapter One: Essence of Psychology)
- Definition of Basic Concepts
- Goals of Psychology
- Historical Background and Major Perspectives in Psychology
- Branches of Psychology
- Research Methods in Psychology
Course Content (Chapter Two: Sensation and Perception)
- Meaning of sensation and perception
- Sensory laws (thresholds, adaptation)
- Perception (selectivity, form, depth)
Course Content (Chapter Three: Learning)
- Definition of Learning, Principles, and Characteristics
- Factors influencing learning
- Theories of learning (Behavioral, Social, Cognitive) and their applications
Course Content (Chapter Four: Memory and Forgetting)
- Memory
- Meaning and process of memory
- Stages of memory
- Factors affecting memory
- Forgetting (meaning, concepts, theories, and improving memory)
Course Content (Chapter Five: Motivation and Emotion)
- Motivation (definition, types, theories, and applications)
- Conflict of Motives and Frustration
- Emotion (definition, components, theories, and applications)
Course Content (Chapter Six: Personality)
- Meaning of personality
- Theories of Personality (Psychoanalytic, Trait, Humanistic)
Course Content (Chapter Seven: Psychological Disorders and Treatment Techniques)
- Nature of Psychological Disorders
- Causes of Psychological Disorders (Biological and Psychological perspectives)
- Types of Psychological Disorders
- Treatment Techniques
Course Content (Chapter Eight: Introduction to Life Skills)
- Definition and Nature of Life Skills
- Components of Life Skills
- Goals of Life Skills
Course Content (Chapter Nine: Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Skills)
- Self-Concept and Self-Awareness
- Self-Esteem and Self-Confidence
- Self-Control
- Anger Management
- Emotional Intelligence and Managing Emotions
- Stress, Coping, and Resilience
- Critical and Creative Thinking
Course Content (Chapter Ten: Academic Skills)
- Time Management
- Note-taking and Study Skills
- Test-Taking Skills
- Test Anxiety and Overcoming Test Anxiety
- Goal Setting
- Career Development Skills
Course Content (Chapter Eleven: Social Skills)
- Understanding Cultural Diversity
- Gender and Social Inclusion
- Interpersonal Communication Skills
- Social Influences (Peer Pressure)
- Assertiveness
- Conflict and Conflict Resolution
- Teamwork
- Overcoming Risky Behavior
Assessment & Evaluation
- Continuous Assessment (45%): Classroom Participation (5%), Individual Assignments (10%), Group Work/Presentations (10%), Test (20%)
- Final Exam (55%)
Individual Assignment Topics (Examples)
- Topic 1: Life Skills
- Nature and concept definition
- Components of life skills
- Goals of life skills
- Practical examples and applications of life skills
- Topic 2: Stress and Coping with Stress
- Concept definition
- Causes of stress
- Coping mechanisms
- Applications of coping mechanisms in real-life events
- Topic 3: Anger Management
- Concept definition
- Causes of anger
- Mechanisms of managing anger
- Applications of anger management in real life
- Topic 4: Time Management
- Concept definition
- Characteristics of people with good time management skills
- Time management skills
- Topic 5: Test Anxiety
- Concept definition
- Effects of test anxiety
- Mechanisms of reducing test anxiety
- Applications of test anxiety reduction skills
- Topic 1 (Group Work): Cultural diversity
- Concept definition
- Benefits of cultural diversity
- Mechanisms of managing diversity
- Practical examples of managing diversity in the Ethiopian context
- Topic 2(Group Work): Peer pressure
- Concept definition
- Mechanisms of handling peer pressure
- Effects of peer pressure
- Practical examples
- Topic 3 (Group Work): Conflict and conflict resolution mechanisms
- Concept definition
- Sources (causes) of conflict
- Levels of conflict
- Mechanisms of conflict resolution
- Practical examples
Additional Assignment Guidelines
- Students should organize into 8 groups of 3-5 students, each with a chairperson and secretary.
- Each group will be randomly assigned a topic.
- Summary papers should be no more than 6 pages long.
- Each group will present their work for 10-15 minutes.
- Copying work is prohibited.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology (Essence of Psychology)
- Origin: Two Greek words (psyche, logos)
- Psyche: Spirit, Soul, Mind
- Logos: Study, Knowledge, Science
- Scientific Definition: The scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.
- Key words in the definition: Science (collection of data), Psychology (does not rely on common sense)
- Scientific Characteristics: Based on research, experiments, developed theories/principles, employs scientific techniques.
- Behavior: An activity of an organism
- Goals of Psychology: Description, Explanation, Prediction, Control
Chapter 1 (Continued): History and Major Perspectives in Psychology
- Brief history of psychology as a science
- Wilhelm Wundt - Father of Modern Psychology (1879 Germany)
Chapter 1 (Continued): Early Schools of Psychology
- Structuralism: Study of the structures of the mind (founded by Wilhelm Titchener), introspection
- Functionalism: Study of the functions of the mind (founded by William James), adaptive processes
Chapter 1 (Continued): Modern Schools of Psychology
- Psychodynamic Perspective (originated from Freud's theory), unconscious forces, childhood experiences, intrapersonal conflict,
- Behavioral Perspective: Learning, environment's effect on actions, observable behavior
- Humanistic Perspective: Uniqueness of humans, striving to grow, self-actualization,
- Cognitive Perspective: Mental processes (memory, reasoning, problem-solving), information processing
- Biological Perspective: Bodily events influencing behavior, feelings, and thoughts, interaction between biology and behavior
- Socio-cultural Perspectives: Social and cultural factors affecting behavior (social and cultural context)
Chapter 1 (Continued): Branches (Subfields) in Psychology
- Developmental Psychology: Studies how people develop over time, physical, cognitive, social development, lifespan
- Educational Psychology: Deals with the process of education, improving teaching/learning process
- Counseling Psychology: Provides counselling services to people facing problems
- Personality Psychology: Studies individual differences and characteristics that make people unique
- Industrial/Organizational Psychology: Studies human behavior in the workplace and improving productivity
- Social Psychology: Studies the role of social forces in governing behavior
- Cross-Cultural Psychology: Studies how culture affects behavior, thought, and emotion, whether psychological processes are universal or culture-specific
- Forensic Psychology: Applies psychological principles in the legal system (e.g., analyzing mental state in court cases)
- Health Psychology: Studies how biological, psychological, and social factors influence health and illness
Chapter 1 (Continued): Research Methods
- Psychology research methodology: Descriptive, correlational, experimental
- Descriptive Methods: Naturalistic observation, surveys, case studies
- Correlational research: Studying relationships between variables without manipulation
- Experimental method: Determining cause-and-effect relationships, using independent and dependent variables (experimental and control groups)
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Description
This quiz covers fundamental concepts of General Psychology, including theories of motivation, cognitive learning, and emotional intelligence. It aims to enhance your understanding of psychological factors influencing behavior and mental processes. Test your knowledge and identify key psychological theories and principles.
