16 Questions
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes fungi from plants?
Lack of roots, stems, and leaves
What is the term for the study of diseases in plants?
Phytopathology
According to the classification, what is the characteristic of fungi in the subdivision Myxomycotina?
They are multinucleate as slime moulds
What is the function of the cell wall in fungi?
Composition of chitin
What is the characteristic feature of the hyphae in fungi?
They are branched and filamentous
How do fungi in the subdivision Eumycotina reproduce?
Both sexually and asexually
What is the term for the mass of filaments in fungi?
Mycelium
What is the primary mode of nutrition in fungi?
Heterotrophic
What is the primary characteristic of a diseased plant?
Deviations from healthy and normal structure and function
What type of disease is caused by a lack of essential elements for growth?
Non-parasitic disease
What is the term for diseases caused by parasites that attack and destroy plant tissues?
Rusts and smuts diseases
What is the primary difference between parasitic and non-parasitic diseases?
Type of causal agent
Which of the following is an example of a physiological disease?
Lack of essential nutrients
What is the term for diseases that affect the entire plant, rather than just one part?
Systemic disease
Which of the following is an example of a bacterial disease?
Bacterial wilt
What is the term for the external characteristics of a diseased plant?
Symptoms
Study Notes
Introduction to Fungi
- Fungi are non-vascular plants that reproduce by means of spores and lack roots, stems, and leaves.
- They are thallose plants with little differentiation of tissues.
- Fungi are unable to synthesize their own food and are often parasites, obtaining nutrients from living organisms or dead organic matter.
Classification of Fungi
- In 1886, algae and Eichler divided fungi into two sub-divisions.
- Alexopoulos (1962) classified fungi into:
- Myxomycotina (slime moulds): multinucleate, saprophytic, and reproducing by spores resulting from meiosis.
- Eumycotina (true fungi): heterotrophic, lacking plasmodium, with complex nitrogenous cell walls composed of chitin.
Characteristics of Eumycotina
- True fungi, heterotrophic, and lacking plasmodium.
- Composed of a mass of filaments called hyphae, with a mass of hyphae called mycelium.
- Cell walls are composed of complex nitrogenous substances called chitin.
- Majority are eucarpic, and some have septation with cross walls.
Plant Pathology
- Plant pathology or phytopathology is the science that deals with diseases in plants.
- Disease is defined as any deviation from healthy and normal structure, function, or vital activity of a plant.
- Symptoms are the external characteristics of a diseased plant.
Classification of Plant Diseases
- Non-parasitic or abiotic diseases: due to lack of proper inherent qualities, improper environmental conditions, or mechanical injuries.
- Parasitic diseases: caused by living organisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes.
Causal Agents of Plant Diseases
- Fungal diseases: caused by rusts, smuts, and other fungal pathogens.
- Bacterial diseases: caused by bacterial pathogens.
- Viral diseases: caused by viral pathogens.
Learn about fungi, non-vascular plants that reproduce by spores, and their characteristics, such as lacking roots, stems, and leaves. Discover how they obtain food and their roles in causing diseases and being used as food.
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