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Questions and Answers
What does ethics primarily concern itself with?
Which of the following is not a key source of ethics?
Which ethical theory suggests that moral principles are relative to cultural standards?
Utilitarianism is an example of which ethical theory?
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What is the Greek origin of the word 'ethics'?
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Which principle is NOT typically associated with ethics?
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Deontological ethics focuses on which of the following?
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Which of the following best describes moral absolutism?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Ethics
- Ethics is a branch of philosophy focusing on defining what is morally right or wrong.
- It establishes a set of principles that guide our understanding of duties and obligations.
- It helps us answer questions about good and bad behavior and right and wrong conduct.
- Ethics serves as a guide for individuals and societies in making moral judgments.
- Key values often associated with ethics include: honesty, integrity, fairness, justice, and responsibility.
Origin and Source of Ethics
- The word "ethics" originates from the Greek word "Ethos," meaning character.
- Ancient philosophers like Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates explored ethical principles through concepts like virtue and justice.
- Ethics is influenced by various sources including:
- Religion: Many religions offer codes of conduct, such as the Qur'an in Islam, which guides followers' ethical behavior.
- Tradition: Social customs and traditions shape understanding of right and wrong across societies.
- Culture: Different cultures have distinct ethical values that influence behavior.
- Philosophy: Philosophical inquiry into ethics has created many theories and frameworks used to assess moral behavior.
Theories of Ethics
- Ethical Relativism:
- This theory states that moral principles are not universal but relative to cultural or individual standards.
- What is considered right in one society might be wrong in another.
- Teleological Theory (Consequentialism):
- Asserts that the morality of an action is determined by its outcome.
- If the consequences are beneficial, the action is deemed ethical.
- Utilitarianism is a key example, aiming to maximize happiness for the greatest number.
- Deontological Theory (Non-Consequentialism):
- Focuses on the inherent morality of actions, independent of their outcomes.
- Actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of their consequences.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of ethics, including its definition, principles, and the historical perspective from ancient philosophers. It explores key ethical values and the influence of religion and tradition on moral judgments. Test your understanding of what constitutes right and wrong in various ethical frameworks.
