Introduction to Embedded Systems

Embedded systems that are designed to respond to events in their environment in real time.

Embedded systems that operate in harsh environments, such as extreme temperatures, dust, vibrations, or shock.

Embedded systems that work together as independent units to achieve a larger function.

Embedded systems that are integrated as part of a larger system, offering specific functionalities.

Embedded systems that can operate independently without external dependence.

A network of interconnected embedded systems that communicate and share data.

A system is an organized arrangement of components working together according to specific rules. It's a method of performing tasks based on a defined plan.

An embedded system is a combination of hardware and software designed for a specific function or a set of functions. It's typically fixed in its capabilities or can be programmed for specific tasks.

An embedded system can be a standalone device or part of a larger system. It's primarily focused on the specific function it's designed for.

An embedded system is designed for a particular purpose, making it more efficient and cost-effective. It doesn't perform tasks outside its intended function.

Embedded systems are designed to react instantly to real-time changes in their environment, processing data and responding quickly.

Embedded systems often operate in harsh environments, requiring robust designs and components to withstand extreme temperatures, vibration, or dust.

Embedded systems can be distributed across multiple devices or components, working together to achieve a common goal.

Embedded systems are typically designed to be small and lightweight, often fitting into tight spaces and minimizing weight.

Embedded systems often operate on limited power, prioritizing energy efficiency and battery life.

General purpose computers, like laptops and smartphones, are designed for multiple tasks and can perform various functions.

Embedded systems have a limited size and weight, making them ideal for portable devices like cell phones.

Power consumption and heat dissipation are crucial considerations for embedded systems, especially in battery-operated devices.

Quality attributes are non-functional requirements that influence the quality of an embedded system.

Operational quality attributes concern the system's performance during operation, such as its response time and reliability.

Non-operational quality attributes focus on characteristics outside of the system's main operation, like how easy it is to maintain or how secure it is.

An Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) is an example of an embedded system that combines various modules to complete transactions.

Embedded systems use special hardware components, like microcontrollers and sensors, to perform specific functions.

Microcontrollers are small, integrated circuits that perform specific functions in embedded systems.

Sensors are devices that detect physical quantities, like temperature or light, and convert them into signals for the embedded system.

Actuators are devices that control the physical environment based on signals from the embedded system.

A specialized type of microprocessor designed for embedded systems. It integrates a processor core, memory (ROM, RAM), input/output (I/O) peripherals, and other components onto a single chip.

A small electronic circuit packed into a single unit. It's composed of transistors, resistors, capacitors, and other electronic components interconnected to perform specific functions.

It's often referred to as the "brain" of an embedded system. It's a complex integrated circuit that executes instructions to perform tasks.

Microcontrollers are optimized for low power consumption, small size, and real-time control applications. They are commonly used in devices like appliances, automotive systems, and IoT devices.

They typically have a high clock speed, multiple cores, and large memory capacities.

ICs can range from simple logic gates to complex microprocessors. They are the fundamental building blocks of modern electronic devices.

A set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of semiconductor material, usually silicon.

Large numbers of tiny MOSFETs integrate into a small chip.

Microprocessors are designed for general purpose computing and can handle a wide range of applications.

These components play pivotal roles in functionality systems.