Introduction to Distributed Systems and IoT Security

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Questions and Answers

What year was the Internet of Things (IoT) concept proposed by the Auto-ID lab of the MIT?

1999

What does RFID stand for in the context of IoT?

Radio Frequency Identification

What is the main function of sensors in the context of IoT?

  • To collect and process data (correct)
  • To track and identify data of things
  • To connect and interact with smaller things
  • To enhance the power of the network by developing processing capabilities

What does 'smart tech' aim to accomplish in the context of IoT?

<p>To enhance the power of the network by developing processing capabilities to different parts of the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nanotech' aim to do in the context of IoT?

<p>To give smaller and smaller things the ability to connect and interact</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the document, which of these is NOT considered a driving aspect of the IoT?

<p>Web Development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the integration of physical, digital, and human systems in a built environment to create a sustainable future?

<p>smart city</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) were developed before the Internet of Things (IoT).

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a notable example of a Cyber-physical System (CPS)?

<p>Personal computers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distinction between IoT security and CPS security is clearly defined and agreed upon.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a question that arises when considering security and privacy in the IoT?

<p>Are back-end algorithms consistently modified? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions is NOT related to privacy concerns in the context of mobile/IoT devices?

<p>How can we design reliable and safe IoT devices? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Internet of Things (IoT)

A network of interconnected devices, systems, and sensors that can collect, exchange, and process data.

Security of Distributed Systems and the IoT (SecDSIoT)

The application of security principles and techniques to networked environments, including connected systems, CPS, and IoT.

Cyber-Physical System (CPS)

A system that integrates physical processes with computational capabilities, often involving real-time control and interaction with the environment.

IoT - Connected Systems

A network of interconnected devices, systems, and sensors that can collect, exchange, and process data.

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IoT - Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)

Systems designed to interact with the physical world, often involving real-time control and interaction with the environment, integrating computation with physical processes.

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Security of Cyber-Physical Production Systems

The area of study focused on securing and managing the risks associated with Cyber-Physical Production Systems.

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Security of Distributed Systems and the IoT (SecDSIoT)

Ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data in interconnected environments, including connected systems, CPS, and IoT.

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Privacy and the IoT

Concerns focused on protecting sensitive personal data in environments involving connected systems, CPS, and IoT.

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Device Fingerprinting

Techniques designed to identify and verify the origin of a device or system in a networked environment.

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Trustworthiness of Sensor Data

Ensuring trust in the data collected from sensors and actuators by analyzing their reliability and resilience to manipulation.

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Impact of Manipulated Information in CPS

Examining the potential impact of manipulated information on control loops in Cyber-Physical Systems.

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Safety-Related Threats in CPS

Analyzing new security risks that may emerge due to the integration of computing and physical processes in Cyber-Physical Systems.

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Monitoring Individuals with Mobile/IoT Devices

Exploring the potential for using mobile and IoT devices to monitor individuals, raising concerns about privacy and ethical implications.

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Information Leakage in Interconnected IoT Components

Investigating the potential for sensitive information to leak from one IoT component to another due to interconnectivity.

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Behavioral Changes under Surveillance

Studying how individual behavior may change when they are aware of being monitored by mobile and IoT devices.

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Formal Methods and Reliability

A technique involving the use of mathematical and formal methods to verify and analyze the correctness and reliability of systems.

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Usable Security

Focusing on the human aspects of security, designing systems that are user-friendly and easy to understand while maintaining security.

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Smart City

The concept of a digitally connected city that utilizes sensor data, IoT technologies, and other innovations to improve urban life, sustainability, and efficiency.

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Smart City

A city that leverages technology to enhance various aspects of urban life.

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Smart City

The practice of integrating physical, digital, and human systems in the built environment to create sustainable, prosperous, and inclusive cities.

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RFID

A method to track and identify items using RFID tags, allowing for the collection and processing of data.

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Sensors

Devices that collect and process data from the physical environment, providing information about changes in physical status.

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Smart Technologies

Technology that enhances the capabilities of a network by distributing processing power to different components, allowing for greater flexibility and responsiveness.

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Nanotechnology

The field of science and technology that deals with manipulating matter at the nanoscale, enabling the creation of smaller and more powerful devices.

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Personal Data

A collection of sensitive information about a person, often including personal details, browsing history, and preferences.

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Cyber Threat Intelligence

The practice of collecting and analyzing information about threats and vulnerabilities in a system.

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Darkweb

An online marketplace for buying and selling illegal goods and services, including stolen data, weapons, and drugs.

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Industrial Control Systems (ICS)

Specialized systems designed to control and monitor industrial processes, often found in manufacturing, energy production, and transportation.

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Cryptography

A method for protecting information by converting it into an unreadable format, requiring a key to decrypt it.

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Automated Building System

A system that combines physical structures with digital technologies to enhance efficiency, comfort, and security.

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Risk Assessment

A process of evaluating potential risks and vulnerabilities that could affect a system's confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

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Risk

A metric for measuring the likelihood and impact of a potential threat.

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Security

A measure of the level of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of a system or data.

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Availability

The ability to access and use information or resources.

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Integrity

The assurance that information remains accurate and unaltered.

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Confidentiality

The protection of information from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure.

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Authentication

The ability to identify and verify the legitimacy of entities.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Distributed Systems and IoT Security

  • The course is on the security of distributed systems and the Internet of Things (IoT)
  • The instructor is Professor Dr. Steffen Wendzel and his team
  • The course is part of Hochschule Worms' summer term 2024
  • Online resources for the course are available in German and English

Security of Distributed Systems and the IoT (SecDSIoT)

  • SecDSIoT concerns the security of networked environments, including connected systems, cyber-physical systems (CPS), and the IoT.
  • The course requires a fundamental understanding of information security and mathematics.
  • Essential security concepts, like risk, anonymity, confidentiality, availability, and integrity, are assumed prior knowledge.
  • Students should review InfoSec fundamentals if unfamiliar with these topics.

Structure of the Class

  • The course structure is dynamic, adapting throughout the semester.
  • Not all material will be presented on slides; some content will be delivered using the whiteboard.
  • Class topics include introduction to the topic, standardization, certification, organizational aspects, risk, cyber threat intelligence, cryptography, automated building security, industrial control systems security, formal methods, and human aspects of information security (usable security).

What is the IoT?

  • The Internet of Things (IoT) concept was proposed in 1999 by the MIT Auto-ID lab.
  • Key IoT driving aspects include Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID), sensors, smart technologies, and nanotechnologies, enabling new services.
  • RFID is for tracking and identifying data of things
  • Sensors collect and process data and detect changes in the physical status of things.
  • Smart technologies enhance network capabilities across various network parts.
  • Nanotechnologies connect and interact with smaller things.
  • There's a view of everything being connected, indistinguishable between physical and virtual entities.
  • Protection is a considerable challenge in an IoT environment.

What is the IoT? - Smart Cities

  • A recurring term in IoT discussions is "smart city"; defined as integrating physical, digital, and human systems within urban environments for sustainability, prosperity, and inclusiveness.

What is the IoT? - CPS

  • Cyber-physical systems (CPS) combine computation with physical processes.
  • Examples include smart homes/buildings, industrial control systems (ICS), electronic healthcare equipment, wearables, and smart cars.

What is the IoT? - IoT = CPS

  • There's ongoing debate about the relationship between IoT and CPS, with views including partial overlap, equivalence, or different subsets.
  • This course won't differentiate between IoT and CPS security.

Security & Privacy in the IoT

  • Security and privacy are significant considerations in IoT and CPS.
  • Key questions include evaluating the trustworthiness of sensor data, ensuring actuator commands are unmodified, and if production control loops can handle internal manipulation.
  • New potential safety concerns are also raised due to CPS.

Security of Mobile Systems

  • Privacy is a major concern when considering IoT devices and mobile technology.
  • Questions around privacy and data collection include if mobile/IoT devices can remotely monitor, conclusions from collected data types, data leakages between interconnected devices, and if individual behavior changes in response to monitoring awareness.

References

  • A list of references for further reading is provided. These references are cited in the presentation for in-depth study.

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