Introduction to Digital Library - Lesson 1
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary reasons for the transformation of traditional libraries to digital libraries?

  • Increased number of printed books available
  • Users' demand for information within a shorter time frame (correct)
  • Shift in focus from educational institutions to recreational reading
  • Reduction in the number of library staff required

    • How has technology impacted the role of libraries according to the content?

  • Libraries are restricted to printed materials only
  • Libraries are no longer relevant in the digital age
  • Libraries have stopped providing user services
  • Libraries are redesigning services and products to meet user needs (correct)

    • What is a major characteristic of digital resources preferred by users?

  • They can be accessed at any time via the Internet (correct)
  • They offer less information than traditional resources
  • They require physical storage space
  • They are primarily available in printed format

    • What traditional method of storing information is being replaced by digital information?

    <p>Library catalog cards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a digital library?

    <p>A systematized collection of digital and electronic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following institutions was NOT a sponsoring institution for the digital library funding?

    <p>World Health Organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of digital libraries?

    <p>To allow users to access a wide range of resources online</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Greenstone Digital Library Software released?

    <p>1999</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which digital library software was developed by the University of Southampton?

    <p>EPrints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FEDORA stand for in FEDORA Commons?

    <p>Flexible Extensible Digital Object Repository Architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the TCP/IP suite introduced in 1982?

    <p>To establish a standard networking protocol for ARPANET</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are recognized as the 'Fathers of the Internet'?

    <p>Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization funded the Computer Science Network (CSNET) in 1981?

    <p>National Science Foundation (NSF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant online services began to emerge in the mid-1990s?

    <p>Electronic mail and instant messaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which initiative was funded with $24.4 million by the US government in 1994?

    <p>Digital Library Initiative-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of the workshop sponsored by the NSF in March 1997?

    <p>Planning for Digital Library Initiative Phase 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following universities did not receive funding for research in digital libraries?

    <p>Harvard University</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advancement in internet communication services was introduced in the mid-1990s?

    <p>Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary challenge faced by digital libraries regarding access?

    <p>Speed of access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential outcome of charging users for access to digital libraries?

    <p>Revenue for publishers and authors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the concerns regarding the preservation of digital libraries?

    <p>Rapid technological developments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue must library authorities seriously address with publishers?

    <p>Intellectual property rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of conventional libraries is often highlighted as a disadvantage of digital libraries?

    <p>Problem with intellectual property rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of a digital library?

    <p>It is a collection of information objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT a way to build up a digital collection?

    <p>Restrictions on electronic data access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is primarily used to convert printed texts into digital format?

    <p>Scanners and OCR software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an advantage of digital libraries?

    <p>Availability at any time and from anywhere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do digital libraries play in connecting users?

    <p>They integrate social media-like features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for a digital library to be considered viable?

    <p>A significant digital collection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a tool of digitization?

    <p>Binders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor that allows users to access a digital library from anywhere?

    <p>Internet connection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Digital Library

    • Libraries are vital to educational institutions and civilization progress, providing users with necessary information.
    • Users increasingly require accurate, current, and pinpointed information in a time-efficient manner due to technological advancements.
    • Traditional libraries primarily focus on printed materials, while digital resources are in demand for their ease of access and efficiency.
    • Digital libraries utilize online databases, CDs, and electronic resources to meet the evolving needs of users.

    Digital Library Definition and History

    • ARPANET was the original internet leading to the development of TCP/IP protocols, fundamental for digital communications.
    • Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn are recognized as "Fathers of the Internet," pivotal in formulating TCP/IP.
    • The World Wide Web (WWW) emerged from research at CERN by Tim Berners-Lee in the 1980s, enhancing digital communication and access.

    Digital Library Initiatives

    • In 1994, a $24.4 million fund was allocated to six universities for digital library research, termed the "Digital Library Initiative-1."
    • Notable funded universities include Carnegie Mellon, UC Berkeley, and Stanford University.
    • The second phase, DLI-2, initiated in 1998, receiving $8-10 million over 4-5 years, involved organizations like Library of Congress and NASA.

    Digital Library Software

    • Greenstone Digital Library Software began in 1999, created for New Zealand's digital library project, with versions 2.86 and 3.07.
    • EPrints, developed in 2000 at the University of Southampton, focuses on repository management and metadata harvesting.
    • DSpace, created by MIT and HP Labs, had its first version in 2002, with the latest stable version 5.5 released in March 2016.
    • FEDORA Commons launched in 2003 as a flexible framework for digital repositories, latest release version 4.1.0.
    • Invenio, originally CDSware, is a document management system from CERN, now simply referred to as "Invenio."

    Uses of Digital Libraries

    • Digital libraries grant online access to extensive resources for students and professionals.
    • They provide access to rare materials not readily available in physical formats.
    • Features like sorting, searching, and social interaction enhance user engagement and collaboration.

    Characteristics of Digital Libraries

    • Comprised of services and information objects, supporting users through organized and accessible digital formats.
    • Incorporate electronic availability for quick and efficient access.

    Developments and Building Digital Collections

    • Essential to convert existing print materials into digital format and create user-friendly portals for access.
    • Three primary methods for building digital collections:
      • Digitization of paper documents.
      • Acquisition of originally created digital works.
      • Providing access to external content through links and pointers.

    Digitization Tools

    • Requires technology such as computers, scanners, and OCR software to convert physical documents into digital formats.

    Advantages of Digital Libraries

    • Provide global access without physical boundaries, allowing users to access information anytime.
    • Enhance convenience by bringing information directly to users' homes and workplaces.

    Disadvantages of Digital Libraries

    • Intellectual property rights pose challenges, necessitating negotiations with publishers for access frameworks.
    • Speed issues arise as internet connectivity increases, which may lead to slower access and potential errors.
    • Rapid technological changes risk making digital data obsolete and inaccessible over time.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of digital libraries and their significance in educational institutions. It explores the impact of information technology on library services and the evolving needs of library users. Understand how libraries contribute to civilization in the modern age.

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