Questions and Answers
What aspect of dental materials affects their performance during clinical application?
Which property of dental materials is crucial for their safe interaction within biological systems?
In the classification of dental materials, which category is primarily concerned with temporary or permanent restorations?
Which of the following is a primary component in the composition of gypsum products used in dentistry?
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What is a significant consideration when selecting materials for dental bonding applications?
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Which dental material characteristic is crucial for withstanding masticatory forces?
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What does biocompatibility imply regarding dental materials?
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In which areas are carious lesions most likely to develop due to bacterial plaque?
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What is the primary effect of periodontal disease?
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What is the primary purpose of restorative dental materials?
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Study Notes
Course Overview
- Instructor: Arief Cahyanto, DDS., M.Eng., PhD, Associate Professor at Ajman University, UAE.
- Textbooks:
- John M. Power, John C. Wataha, 11th Ed. (2017)
- Kenneth J. Anusavice, Phillip's Dental Materials, 12th Ed.
- Assessment:
- Quizzes: 20 marks (10 each)
- Mid-term Exam: 30 marks (Written 20 / Practical 10)
- Final Exam: 40 marks (Written 30 / Practical 10 + 5 continuous evaluation)
Course Learning Outcomes
- Identify types and classifications of dental materials and their indications.
- Understand properties of dental materials regarding physical, chemical, mechanical behavior, and biocompatibility.
- Describe chemical compositions and setting behaviors of dental materials.
- Learn proper mixing and handling methods.
Introduction to Dental Materials
- Biomaterials: Non-living materials designed to interact with biological systems (e.g., cardiovascular implants, dental restorative materials).
- Biocompatibility: Ability of materials to interact with living systems without adverse effects; essential qualities include being non-irritating, non-toxic, non-allergic, and non-carcinogenic.
- Biomechanics: Studies how biological materials deform under environmental challenges; relevant to dental materials in mastication forces and thermal changes.
Dental Diseases and Restorative Dental Materials
- Restorative materials prevent or repair dental damage from caries, periodontal diseases, and trauma.
- Caries: Caused by bacterial biofilm (plaque) that secretes acids, leading to enamel and dentin dissolution; common in areas where plaque accumulates.
- Periodontal Disease: Affects supporting tissues (gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone) around teeth.
Classification of Dental Materials
- Preventive Dental Materials: Includes pit and fissure sealants, fluoride treatments, and mouth protectors.
- Auxiliary Dental Materials: Substances used in fabricating dental prostheses but not part of the final device (e.g., impression materials).
- Restorative Dental Materials: Used for repairing or replacing tooth structures.
Types of Restorations
-
Intracoronal Restorations: Repair damage within the tooth using techniques like direct cavity preparation.
- Types of materials:
- Metal crowns: Suitable for posterior areas where strength is crucial.
- Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crowns: Combine metal strength with porcelain aesthetics.
- All-ceramic crowns: Strong and aesthetically pleasing, used for anterior restorations.
- Types of materials:
Endodontic Treatment
- Necessary if oral disease or trauma affects the pulp, involving removal of pulpal tissues followed by sealing with restorative materials (e.g., gutta percha).
Replacement of Lost or Missing Teeth
-
Partial Tooth Loss (Partial Edentulism):
- Fixed partial denture (dental bridge): Involves anchor restorations (crowns) on adjacent teeth with artificial replacements (pontics).
- Removable partial denture: Designed to replace multiple missing teeth, made of acrylic and alloy frameworks. Detachable for cleaning, less aesthetic than fixed options.
- Endosseous dental implants: Titanium or ceramic implants placed into bone; allow for indirect restorations.
-
Loss of All Teeth (Edentulism):
- Complete denture: Removable prosthesis that replaces all teeth in an arch, made of acrylic resins that match oral tissue shades.
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Description
Test your knowledge on dental materials, including their classifications, properties, and handling techniques. This quiz will cover essential concepts such as biocompatibility and chemical composition, helping you solidify your understanding of the subject.
