Introduction to Databases

Retrieving data from a table.

Adding new data to a table.

Modifying existing data in a table.

Removing data from a table.

Adding new columns to an existing table.

Removing a table entirely.

Combining rows from multiple tables based on related columns.

SQL operators are used for various operations on data like arithmetic calculations, comparisons, and logical combinations.

The most abstract level of database design, focused on defining entities and relationships without specifying implementation details.

A detailed level of database design specifying tables, columns, and relationships, ready for implementation in a specific database system.

The lowest level of database design specifying the physical storage of data, including file organization, indexing, and security measures.

A database that organizes data into related tables, enabling efficient storage and retrieval of information.

A unique identifier for each row in a table, ensuring data integrity by preventing duplicate records.

A column in one table that refers to a primary key in another table, establishing links between related data.

The importance of database design in economic and financial analysis is its ability to organize vast amounts of data for analysis and reporting.

A table in a relational database containing rows (records) and columns (fields) representing a specific entity and its attributes.

A database where data is stored in a single table, without complex relational structures.

The process of connecting tables in Excel to analyze related data from multiple sources within the same workbook.

A feature in Excel that allows users to create relationships between tables by identifying common fields.

A type of relationship in Excel where one record in the first table is associated with only one record in the second table.

A type of relationship in Excel where one record in the first table can be associated with multiple records in the second table.

A type of relationship not directly supported in Excel, where one record in the first table can be associated with multiple records in the second table and vice versa.

A table used to connect two tables with a many-to-many relationship in Excel.

Ensures data consistency and accuracy by preventing invalid data insertion. For example, a foreign key constraint prevents an order from referencing a non-existent customer.

Allows efficient retrieval of related data across multiple tables. For instance, joining Customers and Orders tables enables finding out which customer placed which order.

Eliminates the need to duplicate data. Related data is stored in separate tables to avoid redundancy. For example, customer details are stored once in the Customers table and referenced in the Orders table.

A visual representation of entities, their attributes, and relationships in a database. It helps with entity identification, relationship definition, normalization, and database implementation.

A visual element in an ERD that represents a real-world object, such as a customer, order, or product.

A visual element in an ERD that represents a connection between entities, indicating how they interact with each other.

The number of instances of one entity that can be associated with instances of another entity through a relationship. Types include one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many.

A visual element in an ERD that represents a characteristic of an entity. It describes the entity's properties.

A type of database that does not enforce a strict schema, allowing for flexible data structures and quick changes.

The ability to increase processing power by adding more resources, typically servers or nodes, to a system.

A database designed to handle vast quantities of data and complex relationships, often used for analytics and real-time applications.

A type of non-relational database that stores data in collections of documents, each with its own structure and fields.

A database that stores data as key-value pairs, where the keys are unique identifiers and the values are associated data.

A database designed for storing and querying data with complex relationships, represented as nodes and edges.

A cloud service that provides a managed environment for deploying and running Neo4j graph databases.

The core product of Neo4j, a graph database management system available in Community and Enterprise editions.

A desktop application used for building and managing Neo4j graph databases, including visual exploration of graph data.

A tool designed for visual analysis of graph data, allowing users to explore connections and insights using natural language queries and interactive visualizations.

A library containing algorithms and tools specifically built for working with graph data, offering capabilities for tasks like centrality analysis, community detection, and more.

A fully managed graph database service hosted on Google Cloud Platform, designed for scalability and reliability.

The massive amount of data generated and stored globally, reaching an estimated 175 zettabytes by 2025.

A distributed file system designed to store massive amounts of data across multiple servers, providing high redundancy for data reliability.

Data that doesn't have a predefined structure, like text, images, and videos, making up the majority of global data.