Questions and Answers
The most widely used serial interface is known as ______.
RS232
The V.35 interface is designed to support higher data rates and connectivity between DTEs and ______.
DCEs
The ______ is the information to be communicated.
message
The procedural specifications for RS232 are defined under ______.
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The device that sends the data message is known as the ______.
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The device that receives the message is called the ______.
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V.35 can theoretically support cable distances up to ______ feet.
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The physical path by which a message travels from sender to receiver is known as the ______.
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The electrical specification for RS232 is outlined by ______.
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Protocols are the rules and conventions used to exchange information in a Data Communications ______.
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The modified version of the SOS signal was used by Friedrich Gerke on German ______.
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The Dial Up Half Duplex Procedure involves sending a ______ signal when a call is made.
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Data communications involve the exchange of data between two devices via some form of ______.
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Most commonly, V.35 is used for data rates of ______ and 64kbps.
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The SOS signal can be sent in various ways, including keying a radio on and off, flashing a ______, and toggling a flashlight.
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Modern LAN routers often come equipped with a V.35 electrical ______.
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Computers require ______ to interact with peripherals.
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The SOS signal is a prosign and is sent without ______ between characters.
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The Baudot code, named after Emil Baudot, was first used in the ______.
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Data need to be secured and ______ between devices.
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Baudot code is a fixed length ______-bit code used for telegraph.
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Baudot code can expand its capability to ______ characters using control characters.
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The symbol rate measurement in Baudot code is known as ______.
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Baudot's 5-bit code was adapted for manual keyboard entry, operated by fingers of both the left and ______ hand.
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USB 4 supports up to ______ Gbit/s throughput.
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USB Type ______ is used to connect with a PC.
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The transfer mode for 10 Gbit/s is called SuperSpeed USB ______.
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USB Type ______ is specifically used for smaller peripherals.
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The ______ connector is a smaller version of Type A and B, intended for mobile equipment.
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USB connections are ______, meaning they have designated host and device relationships.
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USB Mini B has ______ pins to support On-the-GO (OTG) connection.
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The deprecated mini size was replaced by the ______ connector.
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A straight-through serial cable is often used with a ______ modem adapter.
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Parallel data transmission allows more than one ______ to be transmitted at the same time.
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The IEEE 1284 standard defines bi-directional parallel communications between computers and ______ devices.
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The Compatibility Mode of IEEE 1284 is a ______-directional implementation.
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Nibble Mode allows the transmission of data in ______ bits at a time.
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Parallel data transmission is more costly compared to ______ data transmission.
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Examples of parallel data transmission include the parallel printer port (Centronics) and ______ Bus inside the computer.
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The Centronics port was widely used before and after the ______ standardization.
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Study Notes
Five Components of Data Communications
- Message: Refers to the information transmitted, which may include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
- Sender: The device that originates the message, examples include computers, workstations, and cameras.
- Receiver: The device that accepts the message, examples include computers, telephones, and televisions.
- Transmission Medium: The physical pathway for message travel, examples are twisted-pair wires, coaxial cables, fiber optic cables, and radio waves.
- Protocols: Set of rules guiding information exchange in data communications.
Importance of Data Communications
- Essential for computers and electronic devices to communicate with each other and peripherals.
- Ensures secure and effective data delivery between devices.
- Functional specifications dictate data, control, timing, and electrical ground signals.
- Procedural specifications outline the transmission sequence of data.
Serial Interface Standards
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RS-232:
- Widely adopted serial interface standard first issued by EIA in 1962.
- Covers mechanical, electrical, functional, and procedural aspects.
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V.35:
- High-speed serial interface supporting both data terminal equipment (DTE) and data communication equipment (DCE).
- Commonly used for data rates of 56kbps and 64kbps, with potential for higher speeds.
- Cable distances can reach up to 4000 feet (1200 m) depending on equipment and cable quality.
Baudot Code
- Developed by Emil Baudot, it's a 5-bit fixed length code for telegraphs.
- Utilizes control characters to expand its capability to 58 characters.
- Known as the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 1 (ITA1) but is no longer widely utilized.
USB Standards and Connectors
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Thunderbolt 3:
- Supports 40 Gbit/s throughput and is compatible with USB 3.2 and USB 2.0.
- Allows sharing a high-speed link with multiple device types dynamically.
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USB Type-A and Type-B:
- Type-A connects to PCs (downstream) while Type-B connects to smaller peripherals (upstream).
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Mini and Micro USB:
- Mini Type A/B connectors were common but now deprecated in favor of the more compact Micro USB and Type-C connectors.
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OTG (On-The-Go):
- Mini USB connectors include an additional pin to support dual-role functionality.
Parallel Data Transmission
- Involves transmitting multiple bits simultaneously over multiple communication links.
- Faster than serial transmission, but also more costly and suited for short distances.
- Examples include the Centronics port (parallel printer) and the data bus within computers.
IEEE 1284 Parallel Printer Standard
- Defines bi-directional parallel communications, initially developed by Centronics in the 1970s.
- Compatibility Mode (SPP): A uni-directional mode primarily used for printers.
- Nibble Mode: Transmits data four bits at a time using status lines for data transfer.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of data communications, focusing on the five key components involved in effectively transmitting messages. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of how information is communicated across networks.
