Introduction to CSS Basics

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Questions and Answers

CSS rules can be combined from multiple external stylesheets using several elements in a single HTML page.

True (A)

Styles from stylesheets that are defined earlier will always override styles from stylesheets that are defined later.

False (B)

Responsive Design allows different CSS rules to be applied based on the type of device accessing the web content.

True (A)

The main challenge in working with CSS is identifying individual properties, rather than combining them to match a designer's vision.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Cascading Style Sheet language can perform tasks beyond just text formatting.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CSS serves the same purpose as HTML.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A CSS rule begins with a declaration block.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The property 'color' in CSS is used to define text color.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CSS files typically have a .html extension.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML can specify layout decisions such as font size and color.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Properties in CSS are similar to attributes in HTML.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Good file organization is important for managing CSS and HTML files.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CSS files can be created inside HTML documents directly.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adding the same stylesheet to another page will result in consistent styling across both pages.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using root-relative paths for stylesheets can prevent issues in nested page directories.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text-decoration property can only be set to 'underline' or 'none'.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text-align property has values that apply solely to the container of the text.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The link element is used in the head of an HTML document to connect to an external CSS file.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inline styles have lower precedence than styles defined in an external stylesheet.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Page-specific styles can make maintaining CSS rules simpler compared to external stylesheets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CSS utilizes the same comment syntax as HTML.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rel attribute in a link element typically sets the relationship to a JavaScript file.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The structure of CSS hierarchy prioritizes inline styles over external stylesheets.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The background-color property in CSS defines the foreground color of an element.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Classes should be used instead of inline styles for applying CSS to specific HTML elements whenever possible.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using em units in CSS allows sizing that scales based on the element's current font size.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

External stylesheets are unnecessary if inline styles are used.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Only the px unit is available for defining sizes in CSS.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The font-weight property controls whether text is bold or not.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The font-family property in CSS allows specifying multiple typefaces for fallback options.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <style> element is used to define global styles for an entire website.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The list-style-type property controls the appearance of elements within a <div>.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CSS rules defined in external stylesheets can be easily overridden by inline styles.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is possible to create custom bullets for list items using the list-style-image property.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Changing a style in styles.css automatically updates all pages referencing it.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All web designers must rely on system fonts for their designs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using inline styles can lead to a cleaner and more maintainable codebase.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Redundant CSS rules can lead to easier maintenance of styles in web development.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Removing semicolons from CSS declarations will not affect the CSS rule.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML serves as the core structure on which CSS and JavaScript rely for cohesive web design.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The href attribute can only contain absolute links to CSS files.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is CSS?

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a language used to define the visual presentation of a web page, controlling elements like font size, margins, and colors. Think of it as styling the content created by HTML.

What is the difference between HTML and CSS?

HTML focuses on the content and structure of a web page, while CSS focuses on the visual presentation and layout of that content.

What is a CSS rule?

A CSS rule consists of two parts: a selector that identifies the HTML element(s) to be styled, and a declarations block that defines the specific styles to be applied. This block is enclosed in curly braces.

What is a CSS property?

A CSS property is a key-value pair used within a declarations block. It determines a specific visual aspect of the element, such as its text color or background color.

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What is a CSS selector?

A CSS selector is used to target specific HTML elements to which styles will be applied. It's placed at the beginning of a CSS rule.

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What is the 'color' property in CSS?

The 'color' property in CSS defines the text color of the selected HTML element. It accepts a hexadecimal value representing a color. For example, #FF0000 represents bright red.

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Where are CSS files stored?

CSS files are typically saved with the .css extension and are separate from HTML files. This promotes clean file organization and reusability of styles across multiple web pages.

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How can CSS styles be applied to multiple web pages?

CSS styles can be applied to multiple web pages by linking the CSS file to each HTML document using the <link> tag in the HTML's <head> section.

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Responsive Design

A technique that allows websites to adapt their presentation based on the device (mobile, tablet, or desktop) being used to access them.

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CSS stylesheet order

Stylesheets later in the HTML document will take precedence over styles defined earlier.

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CSS Organization

Separating CSS rules into distinct files allows for better organization and reuse of styling across multiple pages.

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Conditional CSS Application

Involves applying different CSS rules to the same HTML content based on device type or user preference.

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HTML and CSS roles

HTML focuses on content structure, while CSS handles presentation and layout.

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CSS Link Tag ( )

An HTML tag used to link an external CSS stylesheet to an HTML document.

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rel attribute in tag

The attribute within the tag that defines the relationship between the linked resource and the HTML document. It's often set to "stylesheet".

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href attribute in tag

The attribute within the tag that specifies the URL of the external CSS stylesheet to be linked.

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CSS rule

A CSS rule that controls the appearance of an element by defining its properties, such as color, font size, and spacing.

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Color property

A CSS property that sets the text color of an element.

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Background-color property

A CSS property that sets the background color of an element.

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Font-size property

A CSS property that sets the font size of an element.

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px (pixel) unit

The unit of measurement that represents a single pixel on the screen, regardless of the device or screen resolution.

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em unit

The unit of measurement that is relative to the current font size of the element, making it responsive to font size changes.

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font-family property

A CSS property that defines the font family to be used for an element. It can accept multiple values for fallback options.

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list-style-type property

A CSS property that controls the bullet style used for elements, allowing you to change the shape or appearance of the bullet.

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Multiple selectors

A way to apply styles to multiple elements in a single CSS rule by separating them with commas.

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Separation of content from presentation

The practice of separating the content of a document from its presentation (styling), allowing for clean code and flexibility.

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list-style-image property

A CSS property that allows you to create custom bullet points by specifying an image as the bullet.

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Control over the appearance of an HTML document

The fundamental concept of controlling the appearance of an HTML document through CSS properties, enabling complete customization.

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What is a <style> element?

A element is placed in the section of an HTML document and applies styles specifically to that individual page.

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Why should you avoid page-specific styles?

Page-specific styles, using the element, are a less efficient way to define styles compared to storing them in a separate CSS file.

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How do inline styles interact with other styles?

In a web page's CSS hierarchy, inline styles have the highest precedence, meaning they overwrite any other style rules.

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How are Inline styles applied?

Inline styles are applied directly to an HTML element using the 'style' attribute.

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What does 'cascading' mean in CSS?

The 'cascading' part of CSS refers to how styles from multiple sources combine, with higher priority rules overriding lower ones.

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What are External Stylesheets?

External stylesheets are separate CSS files linked to HTML documents, promoting reusability and clean code organization.

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How are CSS Rules applied?

CSS rules are applied to HTML elements based on their 'selectors,' which can be specific elements, classes, or IDs.

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What does the 'font-weight' property control?

The 'font-weight' property in CSS determines the boldness of text, with 'bold' being the most common value.

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What is the element used for?

The element is often used to link styles to multiple HTML pages, ensuring consistent design across a website.

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What is a relative path in CSS?

Relative paths are often used to link external stylesheets to avoid confusion in nested pages. For example, 'styles.css' is linked from a subfolder using '../styles.css'.

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How does the 'text-align' property work?

The 'text-align' property in CSS sets the horizontal alignment of text within an HTML element.

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What is the 'text-decoration' property in CSS?

The 'text-decoration' property in CSS allows you to add or remove underline or strikethrough styles to text.

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How do external stylesheets interact with other styling?

Styles defined in an external stylesheet have a higher priority than default browser styles, but lower priority compared to inline styles.

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Why are Inline styles often avoided?

Inline styles are generally discouraged because they make it difficult to manage and update styles across a website.

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What are the benefits of external stylesheets?

CSS rules in external stylesheets can be reused across multiple pages, providing a more organized and efficient approach to styling a website.

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Study Notes

CSS Introduction

  • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) defines the design of a web page, handling aspects like font sizes, margins, and colors.

  • It's separate from HTML, which defines content. CSS dictates how that content is displayed.

  • CSS rules have a selector (e.g., h1) which targets HTML elements, and a declaration block ({}) containing properties (e.g., color, font-size) that affect those elements.

  • CSS files have a .css extension.

  • CSS rules are applied to HTML elements.

  • Stylesheets are linked to HTML documents using the <link> element within the <head> section.

    • The <link> tag's rel attribute is set to stylesheet and its href attribute points to the CSS file.

Basic CSS Syntax

  • selector { property: value; } is the fundamental structure of a CSS rule.

  • The color property (e.g., #FF0000 for red) sets the text color.

  • Comments in CSS are /* ... */

  • Semicolons (;) are needed to separate declarations within a rule.

  • Background colors are set with background-color.

Linking CSS and HTML

  • Links between CSS and HTML let the browser load styles from .css files.

  • CSS, images, and JavaScript rely on HTML to link these elements together.

  • Links can be absolute, relative, or root-relative.

Using CSS Properties

  • text-decoration: none; to remove underlines from links.

  • text-decoration: line-through; to strikethrough text (use appropriate HTML elements for meaning instead).

  • text-align controls text alignment (left, center, right, justify but primarily affects entire page).

  • font-weight controls boldness (e.g., normal, bold).

  • font-style controls italicization (normal, italic).

  • font-family controls the font. Browsers try multiple font options.

Choosing Multiple Styles

  • Multiple selectors can apply styles to multiple HTML elements in one rule.

  • This reduces redundancy in CSS.

  • Commas separate selectors in a rule (e.g h1, h2, h3 { ... })

  • list-style-type alters bullet icons in lists ('none').

Combining styles across pages

  • Multiple .css files can be linked from multiple .html files.

  • External styles (in .css files) are preferred for readability and consistency of styles across your website.

  • Root-relative paths are used for referencing external stylesheets in nested pages to avoid confusion with file paths.

Types of CSS

  • External Style Sheets: Located in .css file, linked using <link> tags and applied to multiple .html files.
  • Page-Specific Styles: Styles within the <style> tag in the <head> section of an HTML file. Applied only to that single .html file.
  • Inline Styles: Styles applied directly in the HTML element's attributes (e.g., <p style="color:blue;">). Avoid this method.

CSS Hierarchy

  • Inline Styles have highest precedence (override external/page-specific rules and stylesheets).
  • Page-Specific styles (internal stylesheet)
  • External Stylesheets
  • Browser Defaults lowest priority.

Responsive Design

  • CSS is used to customize web pages for various devices (mobile, tablet, desktop) using media queries (not shown in this particular fragment).

Further Study

  • Consult MDN's CSS Reference for more properties.

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