CSS Basics and Syntax
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Questions and Answers

What does CSS stand for?

  • Cascading Script Styles
  • Cascading Style Sheets (correct)
  • Cascading Style Syntax
  • Creative Style Syntax
  • Which of the following correctly describes how CSS saves work?

  • It is limited to font styling only.
  • It can format a single page only.
  • It requires inline styles for consistency.
  • It can manage styles for multiple web pages simultaneously. (correct)
  • What is NOT a type of CSS selector?

  • Simple selectors
  • Contextual selectors (correct)
  • Pseudo-class selectors
  • Combination selectors
  • What is the purpose of a CSS declaration block?

    <p>To contain CSS properties and values for styling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature can CSS provide that HTML cannot?

    <p>Setting the exact height of an element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct example of a CSS rule-set?

    <p>h1 { color: blue; }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do pseudo-class selectors in CSS allow you to do?

    <p>Select elements based on their current state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of using external stylesheets?

    <p>They allow for centralized control of multiple web pages’ appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of inline CSS?

    <p>To apply a unique style to a single element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS property is used to change the color of the text?

    <p>color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the alpha parameter in RGBA color values represent?

    <p>The degree of opacity for the color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property would you use to indent the text of a paragraph?

    <p>text-indent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the font-variant property create?

    <p>Creates a small-caps effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes HSL in CSS?

    <p>Hue, Saturation, Lightness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text-shadow property do?

    <p>Sets the shadow around text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property would you use to align text in a document?

    <p>text-align</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the transform property with scale(2, 3) have on an element?

    <p>It doubles the width and triples the height of the element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the rotate() method affect an element when a negative value is used?

    <p>It rotates the element counter-clockwise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of 'flex-wrap' in a flex container?

    <p>It specifies whether flex items should wrap onto multiple lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS property would you use to align flex items horizontally when there is extra space on the main axis?

    <p>justify-content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the flex-direction property do in a flex container?

    <p>It specifies the direction in which flex items are placed in the flex container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the align-content property in a flex container?

    <p>It modifies the alignment of flex lines in the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What transformation does translate(50px, 100px) apply to the element?

    <p>It moves the element 50 pixels to the right and 100 pixels down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transform method only changes the width of the element?

    <p>scaleX()</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a pseudo-class in CSS?

    <p>A method to define a special state of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS declaration correctly sets the background color for unvisited links?

    <p>a:link { background-color: lightblue; }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the pseudo-classes be ordered in the CSS definition for proper functionality?

    <p>a:link, a:visited, a:hover, a:active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is used to style an element when it is in focus?

    <p>a:focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What result does the declaration 'p.highlight:hover { background-color: lightblue; }' produce?

    <p>Changes the background color of paragraphs with class 'highlight' on hover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'border-color' property support in the given example?

    <p>A sequence of colors for each border</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about pseudo-classes?

    <p>Pseudo-classes are not case-sensitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the viewport element assist in establishing for web pages?

    <p>It provides instructions on page dimensions and scaling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS property combination will ensure images scale responsively?

    <p>width: 100%; height: auto;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to ensure proper rendering on various viewport widths?

    <p>Setting large fixed widths for page elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of setting an image's max-width property to 100%?

    <p>The image will never be larger than its original size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to use CSS media queries in responsive design?

    <p>To apply different styles for various screen sizes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the initial-scale=1.0 directive in the viewport element signify?

    <p>The initial zoom level at page load will be set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of values should be avoided when positioning elements for small devices?

    <p>Fixed positioning values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When displaying different images for different devices, which approach should be taken?

    <p>Using media queries to specify different images.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    CSS Basics

    • CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
    • CSS controls how HTML elements are displayed
    • CSS can control the layout of multiple web pages at once
    • External stylesheets are stored in CSS files

    CSS Syntax

    • A CSS rule-set consists of a selector and a declaration block
    • The selector points to the HTML element to be styled
    • The declaration block contains declarations, each with a property name and value separated by a colon
    • Declaration blocks are surrounded by curly braces
    • A semicolon separates declarations
    • CSS comments start with /* and end with */

    CSS Selectors

    • CSS selectors find HTML elements to be styled
    • Simple selectors: select elements based on name, ID, or class
    • Combinatory selectors: select elements based on relationships between them
    • Pseudo-class selectors: select elements based on states (like hover or focus)
    • Pseudo-element selectors: select and style parts of an element
    • Attribute selectors: select elements based on attributes or attribute values

    CSS Element Selectors

    • Select HTML elements based on element name

    Three Ways to Insert CSS

    • Inline CSS: applies unique styles to a single element by adding the style attribute to the relevant element
    • Internal CSS: places CSS rules within the <style> tag in the HTML document
    • External CSS: uses separate CSS files linked to the HTML document

    CSS Fonts

    • Important font attributes:
      • font-color: sets text color
      • font-family: changes font face
      • font-size: increases or decreases font size
      • font-style: makes the font bold, italic, or oblique
      • font-variant: creates a small-caps effect
      • font-weight: increases or decreases font boldness/lightness

    CSS Text

    • Text properties that can be set:
      • color: sets text color
      • direction: sets text direction
      • letter-spacing: adds or subtracts space between letters
      • word-spacing: adds or subtracts space between words
      • text-indent: indents paragraph text
      • text-align: aligns document text
      • text-decoration: underlines, overlines, or strikethroughs text
      • text-transform: capitalizes text or converts to uppercase/lowercase
      • white-space: controls text flow and formatting
      • text-shadow: sets text shadow around text

    CSS Colors

    • RGBA Colors: extend RGB color values with an alpha channel for opacity (rgba(red, green, blue, alpha))
    • The alpha parameter ranges from 0.0 (transparent) to 1.0 (opaque)
    • HSL Colors: use hue, saturation, and lightness (hsl(hue, saturation, lightness))
    • Other ways to set colors:
      • name: specify a color name (e.g., "red")
      • hex: specify a hex value (e.g., "#ff0000")
      • rgb: specify an RGB value (e.g., "rgb(255, 0, 0)")
      • transparent

    Pseudo Classes

    • Define special states of an element
    • Used to style elements based on states like hover, visited, focus, etc.
    • Syntax: selector:pseudo-class { property: value; }
    • Common pseudo-classes:
      • :link: unvisited links
      • :visited: visited links
      • :hover: mouse over
      • :active: active element
      • :focus: element with focus
    • Pseudo-class names are not case-sensitive
    • Pseudo-classes can be combined

    CSS Transforms

    • transform property allows manipulating elements with 2D and 3D transformations.
    • Common transform functions:
      • translate(x, y): moves an element horizontally and vertically
      • rotate(degrees): rotates an element clockwise or counter-clockwise
      • scaleX(value): scales an element horizontally
      • scaleY(value): scales an element vertically
      • scale(x, y): scales an element both horizontally and vertically
    • transform-origin property allows control over the origin point for rotation and scaling.

    CSS Flexbox

    • Used for efficient layout and alignment
    • Provides control over flex container and flex items
    • Flex container: parent, set display: flex or display: inline-flex
    • Flex items: children within the flex container
    • Common Flexbox properties:
      • display: specifies the type of box used
      • flex-direction: specifies the direction of flex items
      • justify-content: aligns flex items horizontally
      • align-items: aligns flex items vertically
      • flex-wrap: specifies if items wrap or not
      • align-content: modifies the behavior of flex-wrap

    Responsive Web Design: Viewport

    • Adapts web pages for different screen sizes
    • HTML5 viewport meta tag controls viewport dimensions and scaling
    • width=device-width sets the width to follow the device's screen width
    • initial-scale=1.0 sets the initial zoom level
    • Avoid using large fixed-width elements and content relying on specific viewport widths.
    • Use CSS media queries to apply different styles for different screen sizes.

    Responsive Web Design: Images

    • Use the width or max-width property to make images responsive
    • width: 100% and height: auto make the image scale responsively
    • max-width: 100% scales the image down but never up
    • Use media queries to display different images for different devices

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    Related Documents

    CSS3.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), including its role in controlling HTML element display, how to create rule sets, and various types of selectors. Test your knowledge on CSS syntax, external stylesheets, and styling methods.

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