Introduction to Crop Protection
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Introduction to Crop Protection

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Questions and Answers

What was the estimated global population in August 2018?

  • 7 billion
  • 8 billion
  • 7.6 billion (correct)
  • 6 billion

    • What is the primary focus of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?

  • Using only chemical pesticides for pest control
  • Relying solely on mechanical methods for pest management
  • Eliminating all pests completely
  • Balancing pest control with environmental health (correct)

    • How much farmland was available per person in 1950?

  • 0.2 hectares
  • 0.1 hectares
  • 1 hectare
  • 0.5 hectares (correct)

    • What percentage of the world's water does agriculture consume?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which resource provides an illustrated guide to IPM specifically for rice in Tropical Asia?

    <p>Illustrated Guide to Integrated Pest Management in rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization provided guidelines for integrated pest management in Africa?

    <p>Environmental Guidelines for Small-Scale Activities in Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the consequence of not having effective crop protection tools?

    <p>Food production would fall by 40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which website focuses on pest guide information about bats?

    <p><a href="http://www.pestworld.org">www.pestworld.org</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the estimated number of undernourished people in 2016?

    <p>815 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who prepared the various PowerPoint presentations related to crop protection principles?

    <p>Dr. Larry V. Aceres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regions faced a worsening food security situation mentioned in the content?

    <p>Sub-Saharan Africa and Western Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a pest?

    <p>Plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of crop protection in food supply?

    <p>To increase food production and resource efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which discipline focuses on the impact of pest attacks on crop yield and quality?

    <p>Agronomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do chemists and agricultural engineers play in crop protection?

    <p>They create new pesticides and design application technologies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do social scientists contribute to crop protection strategies?

    <p>They investigate economic outcomes and feasibility of strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key activity carried out by biologists in the field of crop protection?

    <p>Understanding the dynamics of pest populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are information and communication technology experts involved in crop protection?

    <p>They create online identification aids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which discipline is primarily responsible for developing genetically modified crops?

    <p>Genetic Engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do agronomists study regarding pest management?

    <p>Yield and quality impacts of pests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a focus area for crop protection disciplines?

    <p>Studying genetic modifications in non-crop plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major cause of pest development in crop husbandry?

    <p>Alteration of ecological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increased living standards affect pest management preferences?

    <p>People demand the complete eradication of pests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic must an organism exhibit to be considered a pest?

    <p>It must cause injury in significant numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary definition of food security?

    <p>Availability and access to sufficient amounts of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pest is defined by having the potential to become a pest under changed management practices?

    <p>Potential pest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of globalization of trade on food supply?

    <p>It increases the fragility of the coupled population/food system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as enhancing pest problems?

    <p>Changes in pest’s natural predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a direct pest from an indirect pest?

    <p>Direct pests affect the final product, while indirect pests do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Countries relying on trade for food supplies are described as:

    <p>Less adaptable to local food production changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an economic impact of pests?

    <p>Improved quality of crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a key pest?

    <p>Pests that cause significant yield reduction if not managed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The destruction of natural vegetation is primarily due to:

    <p>Crop production and husbandry practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect makes food supply sensitive to fluctuations?

    <p>Globalization of trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of a minor pest?

    <p>Maintains low populations resulting in negligible damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pest is known for its high mobility and potential to inflict serious damage quickly?

    <p>Migrant pest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes an accessory pest?

    <p>A pest that serves as a vector or alternate host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Crop Protection

    • Human civilization's introduction of crop husbandry inadvertently led to pest development, including diseases, insects, and weeds.
    • Clearing land for crop production disrupts natural ecosystems and vegetation, impacting the balance of organisms.
    • Crop cultivation and selection for yield and human preference have exacerbated pest population growth.
    • Intercontinental trade introduced new pests from different regions.
    • Human preferences and economic conditions contribute to pest problems: rising standards of living lead to higher consumer expectations for blemish-free produce, increasing the need for pest control.

    Role of Crop Protection in Food Supply

    • The world population is increasing, and food demand has grown significantly.
    • The global food system is more vulnerable to environmental and market fluctuations, potentially leading to food crises.
    • Globalization of food contributes to the spread of local food production shocks worldwide.
    • Food security relies on sustainable access to food, resilient to production shocks and price spikes.
    • Trade dependence makes countries susceptible to food insecurity and crises.

    Crop Protection and Food Security

    • Food security is crucial for feeding a global population of over 7.6 billion.
    • The amount of farmland per person has decreased from 0.5 hectares in 1950 to 0.2 hectares in 2011.
    • Agriculture consumes 70% of global water and generates 12% of greenhouse gas emissions, making efficient resource use critical.
    • Crop protection is essential for increasing food production while conserving resources.
    • Without effective pest control, global food production could decline by 40%, leading to disastrous consequences like famines, disease, and societal disruptions.

    Definitions and Types of Pests

    • Pest: An organism that interferes with human activities and desires, including those that damage crops and animals.
    • Key/Major Pest: Persistent pests that cause significant yield reduction if not controlled.
    • Minor Pest: Pests with low populations that cause minimal damage under normal conditions.
    • Potential Pest: Pests that do not cause significant damage under current management practices but have the potential to become pests if those practices change.
    • Migrant Pest: Highly mobile pests that infest crops periodically, often causing significant damage (e.g., locusts, armyworms).
    • Accessory Pest: Pests that act as vectors or alternate hosts.
    • Direct Pest: Pests that directly affect the final harvest product.
    • Indirect Pest: Pests that indirectly affect the final harvest product.

    Economic Importance of Pests

    • Damage plants and plant products used for food, clothing, shelter, etc.
    • Cause economic losses for growers.
    • Increase prices of farm products.
    • Can wipe out entire plant species.
    • Increase production and handling costs due to pest control expenses.
    • Degrade environmental aesthetics.

    Disciplines Involved in Crop Protection

    • Biology: Identifies pest species, studies population dynamics, and understands natural factors influencing pest abundance.
    • Agronomy: Determines the impact of pests on crop yield and quality, including plant tolerance and compensation mechanisms.
    • Chemistry and Agricultural Engineering: Develops new pesticides and bio-pesticides, designs pesticide application technologies.
    • Genetic Engineering: Develops genetic modifications that enhance pest resistance in crops.
    • Information and Communication Technology: Creates identification aids and communication technologies for pest management.
    • Social Sciences: Studies economic and societal factors affecting the feasibility and outcomes of crop protection strategies, including access to information, training, and political factors.

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    Related Documents

    Crop Protection Module 1 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of crop protection, highlighting its significance in maintaining food supply amid rising global populations. Learn about the impact of ecological disruption, pest development, and globalization on food safety and agricultural practices.

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