Questions and Answers
Who invented the Scheutzian Calculation Engine?
The ENIAC was completed in 1946.
True
What was the first programmable computer?
Z1
The first electro-mechanical computer was the __________.
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Which device is considered the first commercial computer?
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EDVAC stands for Electronic Data Variable Automatic Computer.
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Who were the inventors of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer?
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Match the inventor with their respective invention:
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What was the main characteristic of second-generation computers?
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Third generation computers used vacuum tubes for processing.
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What technology replaced magnetic drums in second-generation computers?
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The development of the _______ was a hallmark of the third generation of computers.
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Which generation of computers is associated with the development of the Internet?
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Match the computer generations with their defining technologies:
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Fifth generation computers are based on Quantum Computing.
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What is the definition of a computer?
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What advancement did fourth-generation computers see that improved user interaction?
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The word 'computer' was first used to refer to an electronic machine.
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Who invented the abacus?
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The first recorded use of the word 'computer' was in the year _____.
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Match the terms with their descriptions:
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What function did the early computers perform?
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The abacus was first used in Babylonia around 2400 A.C.
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What operations could be performed on a modern abacus?
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of computers?
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Computer literacy refers only to the ability to use software applications.
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What are the four main components of the information processing cycle?
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A computer can perform operations millions of times with the same method, demonstrating its ability to be __________.
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Match each advantage of computers with its description:
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What is a key feature of computers in terms of data?
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Accuracy in computing means results can vary significantly.
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What allows computers to self-operate?
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Which of the following is NOT listed as a computer application in society?
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Publishing is considered a computer application in society.
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Name two sectors where computer applications are utilized.
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One of the applications of computers in society is in the field of __________.
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Which of these sectors may benefit from computer applications?
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Government is one of the sectors that does not apply computer applications.
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What is one goal of applying computer technology in society?
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Match the following applications with their respective fields:
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Study Notes
Definition and History of Computers
- A computer is an electronic machine that processes information (data) and provides results as new information.
- The term "computer" was first recorded in 1613, originally referring to human calculators.
- Early human computers performed complex calculations, requiring years of mathematical training.
- Tally sticks served as ancient tools for recording numerical data.
Early Computing Devices
- Abacus: Invented in Babylonia around 2400 B.C. and used for basic arithmetic.
- Napier's Bones: Invented by John Napier in 1614, a manual tool for calculations.
- Scheutzian Calculation Engine: Created by Per Georg Scheutz in 1843, based on Charles Babbage's designs, recognized as the first printing calculator.
Significant Computers in History
- Tabulating Machine: Developed by Herman Hollerith in 1890, used for summarizing information and accounting.
- Harvard Mark I (ASCC): Created by Howard H. Aiken in 1943, known as the first electro-mechanical computer.
- Z1: The first programmable computer, designed by Konrad Zuse between 1936 and 1938.
- Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC): The first electronic digital computing device, created by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry from 1939 to 1942.
- ENIAC: The first electronic general-purpose computer, completed in 1946 by John Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly.
- UNIVAC I: The first commercial computer, designed by Eckert and Mauchly.
- EDVAC: The first stored-program computer, conceptualized by John von Neumann in 1952.
Generations of Computers
- Second Generation: Introduced assembly languages and magnetic storage; relied on punched cards for input and output.
- Third Generation: Characterized by integrated circuits; increased speed and efficiency with smaller, more affordable computers.
- Fourth Generation: Defined by microprocessors, networks, and development of graphical user interfaces (GUIs).
- Fifth Generation: Focused on Artificial Intelligence (AI) with advancements in parallel processing and self-learning systems.
Importance of Computer Literacy
- Computer literacy involves knowing computer concepts, understanding limitations, and efficiently using technology.
- The information processing cycle includes input, processing, output, storage, and communication.
Advantages of Computers
- Speed: Faster data processing than any other machine.
- Repetitiveness: Executes operations consistently millions of times.
- Accuracy: Provides high levels of precision in results.
- Storage: Capable of storing and retrieving large amounts of information.
- Logical Operations: Able to perform complex computations and decision-making tasks.
- Self-Operating: Automates tasks without human intervention.
Applications of Computers in Society
- Utilized in education, finance, government, healthcare, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing.
- Enhances efficiency and productivity across various fields.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of computing in this quiz covering the introduction to computing and its interdisciplinary applications. Understand what a computer is, how it processes information, and the significance of data. Test your knowledge on the basics of computers and their capabilities.