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Introduction to Computing Unit 1
40 Questions
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Introduction to Computing Unit 1

Created by
@FineSlideWhistle

Questions and Answers

Who invented the Scheutzian Calculation Engine?

  • Per Georg Scheutz (correct)
  • Herman Hollerith
  • Charles Babbage
  • John Atanasoff

    • The ENIAC was completed in 1946.

    True

    What was the first programmable computer?

    Z1

    The first electro-mechanical computer was the __________.

    <p>Harvard Mark 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is considered the first commercial computer?

    <p>UNIVAC 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    EDVAC stands for Electronic Data Variable Automatic Computer.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the inventors of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer?

    <p>John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the inventor with their respective invention:

    <p>Herman Hollerith = Tabulating Machine Howard H. Aiken = Harvard Mark 1 Konrad Zuse = Z1 John Presper Eckert = ENIAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main characteristic of second-generation computers?

    <p>Use of symbolic or assembly languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Third generation computers used vacuum tubes for processing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology replaced magnetic drums in second-generation computers?

    <p>magnetic core technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The development of the _______ was a hallmark of the third generation of computers.

    <p>integrated circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation of computers is associated with the development of the Internet?

    <p>Fourth Generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the computer generations with their defining technologies:

    <p>First Generation = Vacuum Tubes Second Generation = Transistors Third Generation = Integrated Circuits Fourth Generation = Microprocessors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fifth generation computers are based on Quantum Computing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a computer?

    <p>An electronic device that processes information according to specific instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advancement did fourth-generation computers see that improved user interaction?

    <p>Development of GUIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The word 'computer' was first used to refer to an electronic machine.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who invented the abacus?

    <p>The abacus was not invented by a single individual but was developed by ancient civilizations, including Babylonia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first recorded use of the word 'computer' was in the year _____.

    <p>1613</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Tally Sticks = Ancient memory aid for recording numbers Abacus = Mechanical device for mathematical calculations Napier's Bones = Device invented for calculations by John Napier Humans (Computers) = Individuals engaged in performing calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function did the early computers perform?

    <p>Performing complex calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The abacus was first used in Babylonia around 2400 A.C.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What operations could be performed on a modern abacus?

    <p>Basic arithmetic operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of computers?

    <p>Emotional Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Computer literacy refers only to the ability to use software applications.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four main components of the information processing cycle?

    <p>Input, Process, Output, Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A computer can perform operations millions of times with the same method, demonstrating its ability to be __________.

    <p>repetitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each advantage of computers with its description:

    <p>Speed = Process data faster than humans Accuracy = Deliver precise results Repetitiveness = Perform the same task multiple times Logic Operations = Follow predefined sets of rules for processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of computers in terms of data?

    <p>They store and retrieve information efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Accuracy in computing means results can vary significantly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows computers to self-operate?

    <p>Predefined algorithms and logic operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a computer application in society?

    <p>Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Publishing is considered a computer application in society.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two sectors where computer applications are utilized.

    <p>Finance and health care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the applications of computers in society is in the field of __________.

    <p>travel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these sectors may benefit from computer applications?

    <p>Health care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Government is one of the sectors that does not apply computer applications.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one goal of applying computer technology in society?

    <p>To improve efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following applications with their respective fields:

    <p>Finance = Managing funds and transactions Health care = Patient records and telemedicine Travel = Booking and reservations Education = Online learning platforms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Definition and History of Computers

    • A computer is an electronic machine that processes information (data) and provides results as new information.
    • The term "computer" was first recorded in 1613, originally referring to human calculators.
    • Early human computers performed complex calculations, requiring years of mathematical training.
    • Tally sticks served as ancient tools for recording numerical data.

    Early Computing Devices

    • Abacus: Invented in Babylonia around 2400 B.C. and used for basic arithmetic.
    • Napier's Bones: Invented by John Napier in 1614, a manual tool for calculations.
    • Scheutzian Calculation Engine: Created by Per Georg Scheutz in 1843, based on Charles Babbage's designs, recognized as the first printing calculator.

    Significant Computers in History

    • Tabulating Machine: Developed by Herman Hollerith in 1890, used for summarizing information and accounting.
    • Harvard Mark I (ASCC): Created by Howard H. Aiken in 1943, known as the first electro-mechanical computer.
    • Z1: The first programmable computer, designed by Konrad Zuse between 1936 and 1938.
    • Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC): The first electronic digital computing device, created by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry from 1939 to 1942.
    • ENIAC: The first electronic general-purpose computer, completed in 1946 by John Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly.
    • UNIVAC I: The first commercial computer, designed by Eckert and Mauchly.
    • EDVAC: The first stored-program computer, conceptualized by John von Neumann in 1952.

    Generations of Computers

    • Second Generation: Introduced assembly languages and magnetic storage; relied on punched cards for input and output.
    • Third Generation: Characterized by integrated circuits; increased speed and efficiency with smaller, more affordable computers.
    • Fourth Generation: Defined by microprocessors, networks, and development of graphical user interfaces (GUIs).
    • Fifth Generation: Focused on Artificial Intelligence (AI) with advancements in parallel processing and self-learning systems.

    Importance of Computer Literacy

    • Computer literacy involves knowing computer concepts, understanding limitations, and efficiently using technology.
    • The information processing cycle includes input, processing, output, storage, and communication.

    Advantages of Computers

    • Speed: Faster data processing than any other machine.
    • Repetitiveness: Executes operations consistently millions of times.
    • Accuracy: Provides high levels of precision in results.
    • Storage: Capable of storing and retrieving large amounts of information.
    • Logical Operations: Able to perform complex computations and decision-making tasks.
    • Self-Operating: Automates tasks without human intervention.

    Applications of Computers in Society

    • Utilized in education, finance, government, healthcare, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing.
    • Enhances efficiency and productivity across various fields.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of computing in this quiz covering the introduction to computing and its interdisciplinary applications. Understand what a computer is, how it processes information, and the significance of data. Test your knowledge on the basics of computers and their capabilities.

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