Introduction to Computer Systems
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Questions and Answers

A two-variable K-map has 2^2 = 4 cells.

True (A)

The complement of a variable is also called a ______.

prime

Which of the following is a valid group of 1s in a K-map for simplification?

  • Diagonal group
  • Horizontal group (correct)
  • Vertical group (correct)
  • All of the above

    • What is the simplified form of the Boolean function F1 = AB + AB + AB using a K-map?

    <p>F1 = A + B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Cell = A square box in a K-map Group = A set of adjacent cells containing 1s Variable = A symbol representing a Boolean value Complement = The opposite value of a variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in alphanumeric codes?

    <p>Music notes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) utilizes 16 bits to represent a character.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two possible values that a digital pulse can take in terms of voltage?

    <p>0 volts and +5 volts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A three-variable K-map can be used to simplify Boolean expressions with up to 8 variables.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a rule for simplifying a three-variable K-map?

    <p>Groups can be circular. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Digital signals are represented by a series of ______ values.

    <p>discrete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following signal types with their characteristics:

    <p>Analog = Uses a series of distinct values Digital = Can take on any value within a given range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a three-variable K-map, each cell represents a ______ term.

    <p>product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What variable is eliminated when forming a group of two adjacent squares in a K-map?

    <p>The variable that appears in both its normal and complemented form within the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of an analog signal?

    <p>Digital video signals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their K-map representations:

    <p>ABC = Cell in the row labeled 'A' and the column labeled 'BC' AB'C = Cell in the row labeled 'A' and the column labeled 'B'C' A'BC' = Cell in the row labeled 'A'' and the column labeled 'BC' A'B'C = Cell in the row labeled 'A'' and the column labeled 'B'C'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Digital logic circuits are responsible for processing analog signals.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between analog and digital signals?

    <p>Analog signals are continuous and can take on any value within a given range while digital signals are discrete and represent information using a series of distinct values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example of simplifying F1=ABC+ABC+ABC+ABC, which variable is eliminated from both groups of two 1s?

    <p>C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the simplified form of the Boolean function F3=ABC+ABC+ABC+ABC using a K-map?

    <p>BC+AB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cell containing a 1 cannot be included in any group, the full term with three variables should be written in the simplified function.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Logic gates are used in both memory circuits and clock synchronization.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical application of logic gates in digital systems?

    <p>Web Development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two main types of digital circuits that store binary information and utilise logic gates?

    <p>Flip-flops &amp; Latches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Logic gates are used in ______ to manage traffic flow.

    <p>traffic light control systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following applications with their corresponding role of logic gates:

    <p>Data Processing = Filtering, Modulation, and Demodulation Robotics = Controlling Movement and Decisionmaking Home Automation = Automating Tasks like Lighting and Temperature Control Medical Devices = Monitoring and Controlling Various Functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a truth table in Boolean algebra?

    <p>To visualize the relationship between inputs and outputs of a logical circuit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

    <p>Marketing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Domination Law (AND) states that A * 0 = 0, regardless of the value of A.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

    <p>To create a new software or system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using Boolean identities in digital circuit design?

    <p>Simplifying Boolean expressions and reducing circuit complexity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The SDLC concept is exclusive to software engineering and is not applicable to other fields.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ Law (OR) states that the value of A OR with itself is equal to A.

    <p>Idempotent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Boolean Identities with their corresponding names:

    <p>A * 0 = 0 = Domination Law (AND) A + 1 = 1 = Domination Law (OR) A * A = A = Idempotent Law (AND) A + A = A = Idempotent Law (OR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Associative Law of AND states that A AND (B AND C) is equivalent to (A AND B) AND C.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these options is NOT a property of a truth table?

    <p>It can be used to design and analyze sequential logic circuits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Complement Law (OR) with the equation A + A = 1?

    <p>To identify the output as 1 (High) when either input A or its complement A is 1 (High).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a step in Requirement Engineering?

    <p>Requirement Implementation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Requirement Engineering is primarily focused on the technical aspects of software development.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Requirement Gathering?

    <p>To identify and document the needs and expectations of stakeholders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of developing a Students' Examination System for a college, ______ could be used to understand how students currently submit their exams.

    <p>observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which requirement gathering technique involves directly interacting with stakeholders?

    <p>Interviews (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surveys and Questionnaires are primarily used to collect feedback from a smaller group of stakeholders.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the Requirement Gathering technique with its description:

    <p>Interviews = Distributing questionnaires to collect feedback from stakeholders Surveys and Questionnaires = Observing users in their natural environment to understand their tasks Observation = Direct conversations with stakeholders to understand their requirements Requirement Validation = Ensuring requirements are complete, consistent, and feasible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Provide an example of how requirement gathering techniques can be used in the development of a mobile application for ordering food online.

    <p>Interviews with potential users can identify their needs and preferences for ordering food, such as desired features, payment options, and delivery times. Surveys can be used to gather data on user demographics and order habits. Observation could involve watching people use existing food ordering apps and identifying areas for improvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Computer Systems

    • A computer system is a combination of hardware and software that works together to process information, solve problems, and perform tasks.
    • Modern computer systems are digital machines that operate based on binary logic (0s and 1s).
    • Binary data representation is used to store and manipulate information in a computer.

    Data Representation in Digital Computers

    • Digital computers use electronic switches that have two states: on (1) and off (0).
    • Binary digits (bits) represent these states.
    • Groups of bits are used to represent characters, numbers, and other data in binary code.
    • Alphanumeric codes represent characters, numbers, and special symbols (e.g., ASCII).
    • The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) uses 7 or 8 bits to represent a character.

    Analog vs. Digital Signals

    • Analog signals are continuous waveforms that vary smoothly over time.
    • Digital signals are discrete signals that represent values using Os and 1s.
    • Analog signals are used in traditional audio and video transmission.
    • Digital signals are commonly used in modern electronic devices and communication systems.

    Logic Gates

    • Logic gates are fundamental building blocks of digital circuits.
    • They perform logical operations using binary inputs (0 or 1) to produce a single binary output.
    • Common logic gates include AND, OR, NOT, NAND, and NOR gates.

    Boolean Algebra and K-Maps

    • Boolean algebra is a mathematical system for representing and manipulating logical statements.
    • Boolean functions can be simplified using Karnaugh maps (K-maps).
    • K-maps are graphical representations of truth tables that allow for the visualization and simplification of Boolean expressions.

    Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

    • SDLC is a structured approach to software development.
    • It involves various phases, including defining the problem, requirements engineering, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
    • Common SDLC phases ensure that software development proceeds systematically from initial planning till final testing.

    Network Topologies

    • Network topologies describe how devices are connected in a network.
    • Common topologies include bus, star, ring, mesh and tree.
    • Each topology has varying advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, scalability, reliability, and maintenance.

    Cybersecurity

    • Cybersecurity is about protecting electronic systems and data from malicious activities.
    • Common threats include malware, phishing, denial-of-service attacks, and insider threats.
    • Essential precautions include strong passwords, antivirus software, firewalls, and encryption.
    • Cybersecurity is a crucial aspect in today's digital age and is vital for protecting sensitive information and critical infrastructure.

    Cloud Computing

    • Cloud computing is a technology model where computing resources are provided over the internet.
    • Cloud computing offers several advantages such as scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.
    • Key characteristics of cloud computing are resource pooling, rapid elasticity, measured service, and broad network access.
    • The main service models include Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of computer systems, including hardware and software integration, data representation, and the distinction between analog and digital signals. This quiz addresses how digital computers process information using binary logic and ASCII code for character representation.

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