Introduction to Computer Systems Quiz
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Introduction to Computer Systems Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary negative impact of increased automation in the workforce?

  • Rising unemployment rates (correct)
  • Decrease in operational efficiency
  • Improvement of human skills
  • Enhanced safety for workers

    • Which of the following best describes Augmented Reality (AR)?

  • Integrates virtual elements into the real world (correct)
  • Enhances user engagement in social interactions
  • Creates immersive environments separate from the physical world
  • Requires specialized equipment like headsets

    • What is one potential health concern associated with prolonged use of Virtual Reality (VR)?

  • Motion sickness (correct)
  • Enhanced physical fitness
  • Improved vision
  • Increased social interaction

    • Which technology is likely to assist healthcare professionals in visualizing patient anatomy for better diagnoses?

    <p>Augmented Reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk associated with over-reliance on technology, particularly in professional settings?

    <p>Loss of critical problem-solving skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a positive impact of Extended Reality (XR)?

    <p>Isolation from the real world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which application of VR can help users explore complex scientific concepts?

    <p>Military combat training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does de-skilling have on professions due to automation?

    <p>Reduces the specialized nature of jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of desktop computers over laptops?

    <p>Less likely to be stolen due to fixed location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disadvantage is unique to laptops compared to desktop computers?

    <p>Limited battery life that depends on a charger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common use for smartphones?

    <p>Sending/receiving emails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which advantage do smartphones have over desktops?

    <p>Very portable for use almost anywhere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disadvantage affects smartphones due to their functionality?

    <p>Easier to lose or steal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of desktops that does not apply to laptops?

    <p>Complicated setup due to wiring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario demonstrates a disadvantage of using a smartphone?

    <p>Typing long emails with limited keyboard size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which advantage does a laptop have compared to a smartphone?

    <p>Better performance for extensive tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of ROM in a computer system?

    <p>To store start-up data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of backing storage?

    <p>It is significantly faster than RAM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does RAM differ from backup storage in terms of data retention?

    <p>RAM loses contents when power is lost, while backing storage does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of software is designed to help users perform specific tasks?

    <p>Application software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the relationship between device drivers and hardware?

    <p>Device drivers facilitate interaction between devices and hardware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an analogue to digital converter (ADC) in computing?

    <p>To convert received data into digital form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is considered part of system software?

    <p>Operating systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of utilities in system software?

    <p>To assist in system maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of optical storage devices compared to magnetic and SSD?

    <p>Susceptibility to physical damage from scratches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a use of magnetic storage devices?

    <p>Backup solutions for large volumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of using SSDs over magnetic storage devices?

    <p>Faster read/write speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic does NOT apply to optical storage devices?

    <p>Cost-effective for large data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which storage device type is best known for its portability and durability?

    <p>Optical Storage Devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common disadvantage of both magnetic storage devices and SSDs?

    <p>Susceptibility to physical damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of storage is typically used for high-performance computing?

    <p>Solid-State Drives (SSD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is primarily responsible for the slower performance of magnetic storage devices over time?

    <p>File fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of using SSDs over HDDs?

    <p>More compact form factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of using SSDs?

    <p>Higher cost per GB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which type of storage is magnetic tape considered a viable option?

    <p>Archival storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option is typically used to connect multiple devices within a Local Area Network (LAN)?

    <p>Hub or switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might someone prefer using HDDs for general data storage?

    <p>Greater capacity and cost-effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of Wide Area Networks (WANs)?

    <p>Formed by connecting multiple LANs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of storage is commonly less effective for data recovery compared to HDDs?

    <p>SSDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main reasons why SSDs are suitable for laptops?

    <p>Lower power consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Computer Systems

    • ROM stores startup data for computers.
    • Input devices allow users to enter data into computers.
    • Output devices display computer output in human-readable format.

    Backing Storage

    • Used for permanent data storage.
    • Hard disk drives (HDDs) and Solid-state drives (SSDs) are common backing storage.

    Internal Memory vs. Backing Storage

    • RAM and ROM are much smaller than backing storage.
    • RAM & ROM are significantly faster for accessing data.
    • Backing storage is cheaper than internal memory.
    • Backing storage can be fixed or portable.
    • Internal memory can be directly accessed by the CPU, while backing storage needs to be transferred to RAM first.

    Software

    • A set of instructions guiding device operations.
    • Divided into application software (for specific tasks) and system software (for overall computer functionality).

    Application Software Examples

    • Spreadsheets
    • Databases
    • Word processors

    System Software Examples

    • Compilers: translate high-level languages into machine code.
    • Linkers: connect language processors for executable solutions.
    • Device drivers: enable communication between devices and hardware.
    • Utilities: maintenance tools like antivirus programs and disk management tools.
    • Operating Systems (OS): manage computer functionality and user interaction.

    Analogue to Digital Conversion

    • Computer systems need to convert real-world data into digital form.
    • Analogue to Digital Converters (ADCs) convert analog data to digital signals.
    • Digital to Analogue Converters (DACs) convert digital signals back to analog form.

    Desktop Computers

    • Uses: Office work, education, entertainment, gaming.
    • Advantages: Easy and affordable to upgrade/expand, standardized and cheap spare parts, good specifications for the price, fixed power consumption, less likely to be damaged or stolen, more stable internet access with wired connections.
    • Disadvantages: Not portable, more complicated setup due to wiring, files need transferring to portable devices for work elsewhere.

    Laptop Computers

    • Uses: Office work, education, gaming, entertainment.
    • Advantages: Highly portable, minimal wiring, small footprint, full Wi-Fi functionality.
    • Disadvantages: Easier to steal, limited battery life, awkward keyboards/pointing devices, difficult to upgrade components.

    Smartphones

    • Uses: Email, apps, photos/videos, music/video playback.
    • Advantages: Very portable, on-the-go internet connectivity, usable almost anywhere, integrated apps for location tracking, reasonable battery life for mobile devices.
    • Disadvantages: Small screens/keyboards can hinder usability, slower typing, battery quickly drains with intensive tasks, limited memory, compatibility issues with some websites, easier to lose/steal, slower data transfer rates on mobile networks.

    Automation & Robots

    • Potential for enhanced safety
    • Potential for unemployment
    • Potential for dependency on technology
    • Potential for de-skilling

    Extended Reality (XR)

    • AR (Augmented Reality): Integrates virtual elements into the real world, enhancing real-time experiences. Example: Pokémon GO.
    • VR (Virtual Reality): Creates entirely new environments separate from the physical world, requiring specialized equipment (headsets, controllers).

    AR Positive Impacts

    • Training: Realistic simulations enhance preparedness and response capabilities.
    • Retail: Offers customers a virtual look at products.
    • Healthcare: Assists healthcare professionals in visualizing a patient's anatomy.

    VR Positive Impacts

    • Military training: Immersive simulations without real-world risks.
    • Education: Enables historical visualization and complex scientific concept understanding.
    • Media and Entertainment: Engaging interactive experiences.
    • Scientific Visualization: Understanding complex structures.

    XR Negative Impacts

    • AR & VR: Prolonged use may lead to social isolation and distraction.
    • VR: Extended use can cause physical discomfort/vision problems.

    Chapter 2: Input and Output Devices (Review)

    • Accuracy: OMR and MICR are generally accurate for their specific use cases, but OCR accuracy depends on input data quality.
    • Efficiency: All three methods enhance data collection/processing efficiency but are suited for different applications.

    Chapter 3: Storage Devices (Review)

    • Optical Storage Devices: CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs.
    • Magnetic Storage Devices: Hard disk drives (HDDs), magnetic tape.
    • Solid-State Drives (SSDs): SATA SSDs, NVMe SSDs.

    Optical Storage Devices

    • Uses: Media storage, backup, archival storage, bootable media.
    • Advantages: Portability, durability, cost, read-only options.
    • Disadvantages: Limited capacity, slower speed, physical damage, compatibility.

    Magnetic Storage Devices

    • Uses: General data storage, backup, archiving.
    • Advantages: Capacity, cost-effectiveness, established technology.
    • Disadvantages: Speed, durability, power consumption, fragmentation.

    Solid-State Drives (SSDs)

    • Uses: Primary storage for operating systems, applications, high-performance computing.
    • Advantages: Speed, durability, power efficiency, form factor.
    • Disadvantages: Cost, limited lifespan, data recovery difficulties.

    Storage Device Selection

    • General Data Storage: Magnetic (HDD) is often preferred due to capacity and cost-effectiveness.
    • Media Distribution: Optical storage can be used for bulk distribution, but this is less common in the digital age.
    • Performance-Intensive Applications: SSDs are ideal due to their speed.
    • Archival Storage: Magnetic tape remains viable due to cost-effectiveness and longevity.

    Chapter 4: Networks (Review)

    • Network: A collection of interconnected devices for communication and resource sharing.
    • WAN (Wide Area Network): Formed by connecting several LANs using a router. More expensive but offers enhanced security.
    • LAN (Local Area Network): Networks contained typically within a single building. Made using hubs/switches.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of computer systems, including internal memory, backing storage, and software types. This quiz covers essential concepts like ROM, RAM, HDDs, and SSDs. Perfect for students learning about computer architecture!

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