Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the radix of the binary number system?
What is the radix of the binary number system?
- 4
- 16
- 2 (correct)
- 8
Which bit in a binary number has the least weight?
Which bit in a binary number has the least weight?
- Universal Bit
- Rightmost Bit
- Most Significant Bit (MSB)
- Least Significant Bit (LSB) (correct)
What type of number system do human beings commonly use?
What type of number system do human beings commonly use?
- Decimal (correct)
- Hexadecimal
- Octal
- BCD
What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?
What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?
In digital logic gates, what comes after Universal gates?
In digital logic gates, what comes after Universal gates?
What determines the total number of digits available in a number system?
What determines the total number of digits available in a number system?
What is the main difference between structure and function in a computer system?
What is the main difference between structure and function in a computer system?
Which of the following is NOT considered a function of a computer system?
Which of the following is NOT considered a function of a computer system?
What are the four main structural components of a computer system?
What are the four main structural components of a computer system?
Which component is responsible for the arithmetic and logic operations in a CPU?
Which component is responsible for the arithmetic and logic operations in a CPU?
What is the main characteristic of digital systems?
What is the main characteristic of digital systems?
In a digital system, what do digital modules do?
In a digital system, what do digital modules do?
What is the primary focus of computer architecture?
What is the primary focus of computer architecture?
What is the role of computer organisation in relation to computer architecture?
What is the role of computer organisation in relation to computer architecture?
What are the main differences between computer architecture and computer organisation?
What are the main differences between computer architecture and computer organisation?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of computer architecture?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of computer architecture?
Which of the following is a focus of computer organisation?
Which of the following is a focus of computer organisation?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between computer architecture and computer organisation?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between computer architecture and computer organisation?
What type of elements are discrete elements in digital systems?
What type of elements are discrete elements in digital systems?
How many discrete values does a digital system signal have?
How many discrete values does a digital system signal have?
What is the primary difference between analog and digital systems?
What is the primary difference between analog and digital systems?
What is the main advantage of digital systems in terms of cost?
What is the main advantage of digital systems in terms of cost?
What factor contributes to high reliability in digital systems?
What factor contributes to high reliability in digital systems?
Which of the following is not an advantage of digital systems over analog systems?
Which of the following is not an advantage of digital systems over analog systems?
What does Computer Architecture refer to?
What does Computer Architecture refer to?
What does Computer Organization refer to?
What does Computer Organization refer to?
Which of the following is an example of Computer Architecture?
Which of the following is an example of Computer Architecture?
Which of the following is an example of Computer Organization?
Which of the following is an example of Computer Organization?
How does a multiply instruction relate to Computer Architecture and Organization?
How does a multiply instruction relate to Computer Architecture and Organization?
Which of the following families share the same basic architecture?
Which of the following families share the same basic architecture?
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Study Notes
Computer Organization and Architecture
- Computer Architecture refers to the attributes of a system that have a direct impact on the logical execution of a program.
- Examples of computer architecture include:
- Instruction set
- Number of bits used to represent various data types
- I/O mechanisms
- Memory addressing techniques
- Computer Organization refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications.
- Examples of computer organization include:
- Control signals
- Interfaces between computer and peripherals
- Memory technology used
Number Systems
- To define a number system, the base of the number system must be specified (e.g., 2, 8, 10, or 16).
- The base determines the total number of digits available in that number system.
- Types of number systems:
- Octal number system
- Hexadecimal number system
- Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) system
Binary Number System
- Binary number system has a radix of 2.
- Only two digits are needed: 0 and 1.
- Weight is expressed as power of 2.
- The leftmost bit is the Most Significant Bit (MSB).
- The rightmost bit is the Least Significant Bit (LSB).
Digital Logic Gates
- Universal gates
- Additional gates
Structure and Function
- Structure refers to the way components relate to each other.
- Function refers to the operation of individual components as part of the structure.
- All computer functions are:
- Data processing
- Data storage
- Data movement
- Control
Functional View of Computer
- Four main structural components:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Main memory
- I/O
- System interconnections
- CPU structural components:
- Control unit
- Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
- Registers
- CPU interconnections
Digital Systems
- A digital system is an interconnection of digital modules that manipulate discrete elements of information.
- Characteristics of digital systems:
- They manipulate discrete elements of information.
- They use physical quantities called signals to represent discrete elements.
- Signals have two discrete values and are therefore said to be binary.
- A signal represents one binary digit called a bit.
- The bit has a value either 0 or 1.
Advantages of Digital Systems
- Ease of programmability
- Reduction in cost of hardware
- High speed
- High reliability
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