Introduction to Computer Networks

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of having a computer network?

To send and receive data stored in other devices over the network.

What are the two ways to establish a network connection?

  • Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
  • Cable and Wireless (correct)
  • LAN and WAN
  • Modem and Router

A computer network can only be used for sharing files.

False (B)

What is the advantage of electronic communication over traditional methods?

<p>Electronic communication is more efficient and less expensive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five basic components of a computer network?

<p>Protocol, Rules, Sender, Message, Receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Protocol in a computer network?

<p>A protocol is a set of rules that are agreed by both sender and receiver, enabling communication between devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Switch in a computer network?

<p>Switches connect computers, printers, and other hardware devices to a network within a building or campus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of Transmission Media?

<p>Wires, cables, radio waves, coaxial cable, twisted-pair wire, optical fiber cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Access Points in a computer network?

<p>Access Points allow devices to connect to the wireless network without cables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of Shared Data?

<p>Data files, printer access programs, and email.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Network Interface Card?

<p>The Network Interface Card sends, receives data, and controls data flow between the computer and the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Local Operating System?

<p>A local operating system helps personal computers access files, print to a local printer, and use local disk drives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Network Operating System?

<p>The Network Operating System allows computers to communicate via network, enabling data exchange and resource sharing between different systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Hub in a computer network?

<p>A hub splits network connection into multiple computers, acting as a distribution center for data requests within a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a LAN cable also known as?

<p>Ethernet or data cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does OSI stand for?

<p>Open Systems Interconnection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a computer network in terms of performance?

<p>To minimize the response time of sending and receiving data from one node to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a computer network?

<p>To share data between different systems connected with each other through a transmission media.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a central server in a computer network in relation to backup?

<p>To keep a backup of all the data that is to be shared over a network so that in case of a failure, the data can be recovered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a reliable computer network?

<p>A network should not be prone to failures, or if failure occurs, the recovery process should be fast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in relation to security in a computer network?

<p>To protect data from unauthorized access as it is transmitted across the network, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of scalability in a computer network.

<p>Scalability refers to the ability of a network to accommodate the addition of new computers or nodes without compromising performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration in relation to Software and Hardware compatibility in a computer network?

<p>To allow different software and hardware to work together effectively, allowing for flexibility and diverse system configurations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Computer Network Architecture?

<p>To define how computers should be connected within a network in order to optimize network performance, security, and efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two popular Computer Network Architectures?

<p>Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and Client-Server (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network?

<p>All computers in the network are connected with every other computer and have access to the same resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network?

<p>Reduced cost due to the absence of a central server.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a central computer in a Client-Server network?

<p>To serve as a hub, managing requests from client computers and providing shared data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of a Client-Server network?

<p>Increased security due to centralized control and improved performance through dedicated server resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Network Topology?

<p>The arrangement of computers or network devices within a network, defining their physical and logical connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a Point-to-Point network.

<p>A network with direct connections between two devices using a single piece of cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a Bus Topology.

<p>A network where all devices share a single communication line or cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the OSI Model?

<p>A standard model for communication systems that divides the communication process into seven layers, each with a specific function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Application Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To provide an interface for application users to interact with the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Presentation Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To handle data formatting and representation, ensuring compatibility between different systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Session Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To manage communication sessions between different systems, ensuring seamless data exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Transport Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To ensure reliable and efficient data delivery between systems, handling data segmentation and error control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Network Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To manage network addresses and route data packets between different networks, ensuring efficient data flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Data Link Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To handle data transmission between physical devices, addressing error detection and correction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Physical Layer in the OSI Model?

<p>To define the physical characteristics of the network, including cabling, connectors, and signaling mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the TCP/IP model?

<p>To enable communication between computers on the internet, addressing a wide range of services and protocols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four layers of the TCP/IP model?

<p>Application Layer, Transport Layer, Internet Layer, Link Layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an Internet Service Provider (ISP) do?

<p>An ISP provides access to the internet, offering services such as internet access, domain name registration, and dial-up or leased line access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an Intranet?

<p>A private network within an organization, enabling secure communication and data sharing among its members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of using an Intranet?

<p>Improved collaboration, cost-effectiveness, security, productivity, and business management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a VSAT?

<p>A two-way, ground-based micro station that transmits data to and from communication satellites, typically using a small antenna.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of VSATs ?

<p>They offer wide coverage due to satellite communication, providing connectivity in remote locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are different types of networks based on geographic scope?

<p>PAN (Personal Area Network), LAN (Local Area Network), MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a PAN (Personal Area Network).

<p>A network that connects devices within a small personal space, typically within 10 meters, using technologies like Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a LAN (Local Area Network).

<p>A network that connects devices within a single location, such as an office building or home, using wired or wireless technologies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network).

<p>A network that connects devices within a larger geographical area, such as a city or town, and typically covers several kilometers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a WAN (Wide Area Network).

<p>A network that covers a large geographical area, spanning entire countries or even continents, connecting multiple LANS, MANs, and other WANs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a computer network?

A group of devices connected together for communication. These devices can include computers, printers, scanners, and more.

What are the advantages of a computer network?

Allows sharing data, resources, and communication between connected devices in a network.

What is a sender in a network?

The device sending information to another device within a network.

What is a receiver in a network?

The device receiving information from another device within a network.

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What is transmission media in a network?

The physical medium (like cables or radio waves) used to transmit data between devices in a network.

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What is a protocol in a network?

A set of rules that both the sender and receiver must agree on to ensure proper communication.

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What is a switch in a network?

A device that connects multiple computers or devices within a local area network.

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What is a router in a network?

A device that connects different networks together to create a larger network, like the internet.

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What is a server in a network?

A computer that manages and provides resources (like files, programs, and services) to other devices in a network.

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What is a LAN cable?

A type of cable used to connect devices to a network, often called Ethernet cable.

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What is the OSI model?

A model that breaks down communication into seven layers, each dealing with a specific aspect of information exchange.

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What is the TCP/IP model?

A model that describes the primary protocols used for internet communication, including TCP and IP.

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What is an ISP (Internet Service Provider)?

A company that provides access to the internet and related services, like email and domain registration.

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What is an intranet?

A private network within an organization that uses its own servers and firewalls to secure information.

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What is VSAT (very small aperture terminal)?

A type of satellite communication system that uses small antennas to transmit data.

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What is a LAN (Local Area Network)?

A type of network that connects devices in a specific location, such as an office building.

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What is a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)?

A type of network that connects devices over a larger geographical area, such as a city or region.

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What is a WAN (Wide Area Network)?

A type of network that connects devices over a very large geographical area, across countries or continents.

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What is a star topology?

A network topology where each device is connected directly to a central device.

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What is a bus topology?

A network topology where all devices share a single communication cable.

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What is a ring topology?

A network topology where each device is connected to two other devices in a circular fashion.

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What is a full mesh topology?

A network topology where each device has a direct connection to every other device.

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What is a partial mesh topology?

A network topology where devices have connections to some other devices, but not all.

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What is a hybrid topology?

A type of network layout that combines elements of multiple other topologies.

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What does the presentation layer do in the OSI model?

The layer of the OSI model that deals with presenting data in a format that the receiving device can understand.

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What does the session layer do in the OSI model?

The layer of the OSI model that establishes and manages communication sessions between devices.

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What does the transport layer do in the OSI model?

The layer of the OSI model that manages the reliable delivery of data packets between devices.

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What does the network layer do in the OSI model?

The layer of the OSI model that handles addressing and routing data packets through the network.

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What does the physical layer do in the OSI model?

The layer of the OSI model that deals with the physical transmission of data, like cables and signals.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Computer Network

  • A computer network is a group of interconnected devices, using transmission mediums like wires or cables.
  • The purpose of a computer network is to share data between devices.
  • Computer networks consist of two or more interconnected computer systems.
  • A network connection can be established using either cables or wireless media.

Advantages of a Computer Network

  • Connects multiple computers for sharing information.
  • Enables sharing of resources like printers, scanners, and emails.
  • Allows for faster information sharing.
  • Offers electronic communication, which is often more efficient and less expensive than traditional methods.

Basic Components of a Computer Network

  • Protocol: A set of rules governing communication between devices.
  • Sender: Device originating the data.
  • Receiver: Device receiving the data.
  • Message: Data being transferred.
  • Transmission Media: The pathway for data transfer (e.g., cables, radio waves).

Transmission Media

  • Physical paths for data transmission between devices.
  • Examples include: wires, cables, radio waves.

Protocols

  • Protocols are sets of rules that govern how devices communicate.
  • Without protocols, devices can't communicate reliably.
  • Protocols ensure reliable data communication between devices.

Switches

  • Connect devices within a network (e.g., computers, printers).
  • Act as controllers in a campus or building network.

Routers

  • Connect multiple networks.
  • Allow for efficient data sharing.
  • Act as dispatchers to find the best routes for data transmission.

Servers

  • Computers storing shared files and programs for network users.
  • Provide access to network resources.

Transmission Media

  • Various types exist, including coaxial cables, twisted-pair wires, and fiber optic cables.

Access points

  • Allow wireless device connections to a network.
  • Provide flexible connectivity and easier connection to mobile users.

Shared data

  • Data shared among clients (e.g., files, printer access, programs, emails).

Network Interface Card (NIC)

  • Card that allows a computer to communicate with the network.
  • Sends, receives, and controls data flow between the computer and the network.

Local Operating System (OS)

  • Software a personal computer uses to access local files, printers, and CD/DVD drives.

Network Operating System (NOS)

  • Software for computers and servers that allows communication.
  • Enables communication between computers on a network.

Hubs

  • Network devices in data transmission.
  • Act as a central connection point for other devices.
  • Transmit data to all attached devices.

LAN Cables

  • Ethernet or data cables used to connect devices to a local area network (LAN).

OSI Model

  • Open Systems Interconnection model.
  • Allows for the standardization of communication protocols.

Network Topology

  • Physical or logical arrangement of devices in a network.
    • Bus Topology: All devices share a single communication line, potential single point of failure.
    • Star Topology: Devices connected to a central hub using point-to-point connections.
    • Ring Topology: Devices form a closed loop, with each device connected to two others.
    • Mesh Topology: Devices are connected directly to each other, often in a complex configuration.
    • Tree Topology: A hierarchical structure of interconnected devices and logical network layers.
    • Hybrid Topology: Combines different topologies, creating a combined network structure.

Peer-to-Peer Architecture

  • All computers in the network are connected, with each computer sharing resources.
  • Every computer acts as a client and a server.

Client-Server Architecture

  • Central server manages data and resources.
  • Client computers request services from the server.
  • Efficient for large networks.

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

  • Companies providing internet access.
  • Offer various services like internet access, domain name registration, dial-up access, and leased lines.

VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal)

  • Microwaves transmitted between ground stations and satellites.
  • Often used for remote areas lacking wired infrastructure.

Types of Networks

  • Personal Area Network (PAN): Connects devices within a personal space, like smartphones and computers.
  • Local Area Network (LAN): Connects devices within a limited area, like a home or office.
  • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Spans a metropolitan area (city or a region)
  • Wide Area Network (WAN): Connects devices across large geographical areas.

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