Introduction to Computer Networks
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Questions and Answers

What is a computer network?

A computer network is a group of computers and peripheral devices linked together to share data and hardware resources.

List two advantages of networking in organizations.

Resource sharing and reduction in cost are two advantages of networking in organizations.

What is meant by 'resource sharing' in a computer network?

Resource sharing refers to the ability of all users in a network to access shared hardware and software resources like printers and files.

How does networking reduce costs for organizations?

<p>Networking reduces costs by allowing multiple computers to share hardware resources, such as printers and scanners, instead of requiring individual devices for each computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of a type of network observed in daily life.

<p>An example of a network in daily life is the communication network of the telephone system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation does a computer network bring to the world?

<p>A computer network transforms the world into a global village by enabling instant communication and data sharing across distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a central computer play in resource sharing?

<p>The central computer in a network acts as a hub from which additional peripheral devices can be connected and accessed by all other computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common devices that can be shared in a computer network?

<p>Common devices that can be shared include printers, scanners, modems, and fax machines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that networking can increase storage capacity for users?

<p>Users can store their files on remote computers within the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does networking facilitate faster data transfer between computers?

<p>Networking enables high-speed transfer of soft copies from one computer to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does a server provide for backing up data in a network?

<p>A server can automate regular backups of data for all connected clients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a method by which networking reduces data inconsistency.

<p>Networking allows for file updates or deletions to be made at a single point, preventing mismatched copies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is data redundancy and how does networking help to reduce it?

<p>Data redundancy refers to the duplication of data; networking reduces it by using a central server for data storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What security measures are typically implemented in a computer network?

<p>Users are assigned IDs and passwords for authentication to access data and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible disadvantage related to the management of a large computer network?

<p>Managing a large network requires expertise and special training.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could happen if a server in a network experiences a breakdown?

<p>If a server breaks down, all connected computers become isolated and unable to access resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a network card in a computer network?

<p>A network card physically attaches a computer to a network, enabling participation in network communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure and function of modern Ethernet networking cables.

<p>Modern Ethernet cables are twisted pair cables with eight wires arranged in a specific order, using RJ-45 connectors at both ends for connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a modem play in a networking setup?

<p>A modem converts digital signals from a computer into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines and vice versa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between a hub and a switch in networking.

<p>A hub broadcasts messages to all connected computers, while a switch sends messages only to the specific destination based on physical addresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a router do in a network system?

<p>A router connects different types of networks, such as LAN and WAN, and determines the best route for message transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the broadcasting process that occurs in a hub.

<p>When a computer sends a request to a hub, the hub transmits that request to all other computers in the network to identify the recipient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the operation of a switch enhance network speed?

<p>A switch enhances network speed by providing direct connections between the source and destination computers without unnecessary broadcasting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of connection does a modem establish for internet access?

<p>A modem establishes a connection over existing telephone lines to enable internet access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of wireless network cards?

<p>Wireless network cards are used to transmit data wirelessly instead of using Ethernet cables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do access points or routers enhance wireless networking?

<p>Access points or routers increase the communication range of radio signals and can connect to wired networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define a Personal Area Network (PAN) and its typical range.

<p>A PAN is a network created for individual use, typically covering a range of less than 10 meters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a Local Area Network (LAN) from a Personal Area Network (PAN)?

<p>A LAN connects multiple devices within a small area and generally requires physical wiring, whereas a PAN is designed for individual use and can be wired or wireless.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) and where is it typically used?

<p>A MAN is a network that spans an entire city, commonly used for city cable networks or bank branches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the main characteristic of a Wide Area Network (WAN).

<p>WANs connect computers over long distances, often using public telecommunications media like satellite signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of devices typically connect in a Personal Area Network (PAN)?

<p>Devices such as laptops, mobile phones, PDAs, and smartphones typically connect in a PAN.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of using a Local Area Network (LAN)?

<p>A LAN allows for high-speed data transmission and centralized control over the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major advantage of the network topology described?

<p>One major advantage is the presence of alternatives for data transfer in case one component fails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge of the network topology mentioned?

<p>The significant challenge is the high cost associated with setting up and maintaining the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the initial step to access a file from a shared drive.

<p>The initial step is to double-click on the Network icon on the Desktop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by network security?

<p>Network security refers to protecting data and resources from unauthorized access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does 'Login Security' play in network security?

<p>Login Security involves assigning a unique login name and password to users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to limit data access to authorized personnel?

<p>Limiting access is essential to prevent unauthorized changes or deletions of sensitive information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What actions can former employees potentially take regarding company data?

<p>Former employees may try to access or manipulate the company's confidential data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define computer networking in a concise manner.

<p>Computer networking is a group of interconnected computers and devices that share data and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is networking, and provide two advantages of networking?

<p>Networking is the process of connecting computers and devices to share resources and information. Two advantages include resource sharing and improved communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between LAN and WAN.

<p>LAN (Local Area Network) is a network confined to a small geographic area, while WAN (Wide Area Network) spans a larger geographic distance, often connecting multiple LANs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two advantages of Star topology?

<p>Two advantages of Star topology are enhanced performance due to easy addition of new nodes, and improved fault tolerance since each device is individually connected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain Client-Server architecture in your own words.

<p>Client-Server architecture is a network model where clients request services and resources from centralized servers that process these requests. This structure allows for efficient resource management and data handling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between a hub and a switch.

<p>A hub is a basic networking device that broadcasts data to all connected devices, while a switch intelligently directs data only to the specific device that needs it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Computer Network

A collection of computers and devices connected to share resources and data.

Resource Sharing

The ability for multiple users on a network to access hardware like printers or scanners connected to a central computer.

Cost Reduction in Networks

The cost of hardware is reduced because multiple users share the same equipment.

Communication Network

A system that allows communication between people regardless of location, like a video conference.

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Local Area Network (LAN)

A network that connects computers within a limited geographical area, like a school or office.

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Wide Area Network (WAN)

A network that covers a larger geographical area, connecting computers across cities or even countries.

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Network Topology

The layout or structure of a network, showing how devices are connected.

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Network Security

Measures to protect a network from unauthorized access and data breaches.

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Increased Storage Capacity

Using a network allows you to store files on a central server, providing more storage space for users.

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Fast Data Transfer

Networks facilitate fast data transfers between connected computers. Imagine sending files instantly across the network.

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Easy to Take Backup

Networks streamline backups by allowing automated backups from a central server, eliminating the need for individual computer backups.

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Reduces Data Inconsistency

Networked data is stored in one central location, reducing inconsistencies caused by different copies of the same file.

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Reduced Redundancy

Networks minimize data redundancy by storing files on a central server, reducing duplication across multiple computers.

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Increases Security

Networks enhance security by requiring user authentication with IDs and passwords, protecting against unauthorized access.

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Additional Cost of Networking Equipment

Building a network involves additional hardware investments and setup costs compared to individual computers.

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Management of Large Network

Managing a large network can be complex and requires skilled personnel for maintenance and troubleshooting.

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Network card

A physical component in a computer that connects it to a network. It enables the computer to send and receive data over the network.

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Ethernet cable

A cable that connects devices in a network using twisted pairs of wires. It uses an RJ-45 connector.

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Modem

A device that translates digital signals from computers into analog signals for transmission over phone lines, and vice-versa. It's used for connecting to the internet via phone lines.

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Hub

A network device that connects all computers in a network together. It broadcasts messages to all connected devices, even if they are not intended for them.

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Switch

A network device that connects computers in a network. It transmits messages only to the intended recipient, unlike a hub.

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Router

A device that connects two or more networks together, like a LAN and a WAN. It finds the best route to deliver a message across networks.

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LAN (Local Area Network)

A network of computers within a limited geographical area, like a home, office, or school.

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WAN (Wide Area Network)

A vast network connecting computers and networks across the entire globe.

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Wireless Network Card

A type of network card used in wireless networks. Instead of physical cables, these cards use radio signals to transmit data.

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Access Point or Router

A device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network. It broadcasts radio signals, expanding the range of wireless communication.

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Personal Area Network (PAN)

A network designed for a single individual, connecting devices like laptops, phones, and PDAs. It can be either wired or wireless and typically covers a small area.

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Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A network that spans a large geographical area, connecting computers across a city. It often uses cable networks or public telecommunication services.

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Combination Wired and Wireless Network

A network that combines both wired and wireless connections. It is often built using routers or access points to bridge the two types of networks.

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Radio Signals (Wireless Communication)

The use of radio waves to transmit data between devices without physical cables. It is commonly used in wireless networks and devices like Wi-Fi routers and Bluetooth devices.

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Star Topology

A network topology where each device is directly connected to a central hub. Failures affect only the connected device, not the entire network.

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Ring Topology

A network where each device is connected to two or more other devices, forming a loop. Data can travel in multiple directions.

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Bus Topology

A network topology where devices are connected to a central cable, forming a backbone. Data travels along the cable.

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Hybrid Topology

A network topology that combines multiple network topologies, like star, ring, or bus. This allows for flexibility and redundancy.

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Login Security

A type of network security that requires users to provide a unique username and password to access resources.

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Rights Security

A type of network security that grants predefined access rights to users based on their roles and responsibilities. This can be 'Read-Only', 'Read-Write', or 'No Access'.

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What is a network?

A collection of computers and devices connected together for the purpose of sharing resources and data.

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What is a LAN?

A communication network that connects computers and devices within a small area, like a home or office.

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What is a hub?

A device that connects multiple computers in a network. It simply forwards data packets to all connected devices.

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What is a switch?

A device that connects multiple computers in a network. It intelligently forwards data packets only to the intended recipient.

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Study Notes

Networking Concepts

  • A computer network is a group of computers and other devices connected to share data and resources
  • Networking improves efficiency, economy, and effectiveness in organizations
  • Networking components include computers, peripherals, network cards, cables, modems, hubs, switches, routers, and network software
  • Networks are classified by their size and geographic scope, including:
    • PAN (Personal Area Network): For personal use, covering small areas like homes or offices
    • LAN (Local Area Network): Connects devices in limited areas like homes, offices, or schools
    • MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers areas like cities and usually combines smaller networks
    • WAN (Wide Area Network): Connects larger areas, like countries or continents, often using telephone lines or satellite connections. A common example is the internet
  • Network Architecture: An overall design that defines how a network is structured and functions.
    • Client-Server: A central server provides resources, and client devices request services (e.g., data retrieval)
    • Peer-to-Peer: Computers share resources equally; no central server (e.g., file sharing)
  • Network Topologies: Physical layout of the network connections
    • Point-to-Point: Direct connection between two devices, common in small networks
    • Bus: All devices are connected to a single cable (backbone).
    • Star: Devices connect to a central hub/switch. A failure in one device doesn't affect the entire network
    • Ring: Devices connected in a circle; data travels in one direction
    • Tree: Star topologies connected to a backbone cable (a more complex network)
    • Mesh: All devices connect to every other device; redundancy and high fault tolerance

Network Advantages

  • Resource Sharing: Hardware and software resources are shared across the network
  • Cost Reduction: Shared hardware reduces hardware costs, and licensing costs may be reduced.
  • Increased Storage Capacity: Files can be stored on remote computers, increasing available space
  • Fast Data Transfer: Data transfers between computers are faster than when using local storage.
  • Backup: A central server automates data backups
  • Reduced Data Inconsistency: Data duplication is reduced and only updated in one central place

Network Disadvantages

  • Additional Cost of Networking Equipment: Initial outlay can be significant to set up the network properly
  • Management of Large Networks: Large networked systems may require significant expertise to manage and maintain
  • Server Breakdown: If the main server fails, the entire network is affected
  • Security Issues: Vulnerability to unauthorized access, viruses and other security threats

Network Components

  • Network Card: Connects a computer to a network
  • Networking Cable: Physical connection between devices
  • Modem: Connects to a phone line to transmit data
  • Hubs: Broadcast data to all connected devices
  • Switches: Direct data to the intended device only, resulting in faster data transmission
  • Routers: Direct data across different networks

Accessing Network Resources

  • Network security is crucial to protect data
  • Authorized access is controlled using login names and passwords

Wireless Networking

  • Uses radio waves instead of physical cables
  • Wireless network cards and access points are used to connect wireless devices
  • Radio signals are easier to install, but have limited range
  • Network cards are needed for computers

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts related to computer networks, including their advantages, resource sharing, and security measures. It explores how networking can transform organizations and improve efficiency through examples and definitions. Test your knowledge on the various aspects and benefits of computer networking.

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