Introduction to Communication Types

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Questions and Answers

What is communication?

Communication is the process by which messages are transferred from source to a receiver.

What are the two main types of communication?

  • One-way communication and Two-way communication (correct)
  • Formal communication and Informal communication
  • Interpersonal communication and Intrapersonal communication
  • Verbal communication and Nonverbal communication

One-way communication is characterized by the presence of feedback from the receiver.

False (B)

What is the main characteristic of two-way communication?

<p>Active feedback from the receiver to the sender.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of verbal communication?

<p>Facial expressions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is written communication?

<p>Written communication is that in which information is exchanged in the written or printed form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of verbal communication?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nonverbal communication (NVC) refers to the transmission of meaning using only spoken or written words.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a nonverbal communication cue?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of nonverbal communication?

<p>All of the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does kinesics refer to?

<p>Kinesics is the study of body movements to judge inner state of emotions expressed through different parts of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proxemics is the study of how people use space to communicate.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is paralanguage?

<p>Paralanguage involves the study of voice quality, volume, speed rate and the manner of speaking beyond the words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Formal communication is structured on hierarchy, authority, and power dynamics while informal communication is relatively less structured and spontaneous.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is upward communication?

<p>Upward communication involves sending messages from subordinates to their superiors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is horizontal communication?

<p>Horizontal communication refers to the horizontal flow of messages among colleagues at the same hierarchical level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Informal communication is often unstructured communication arising out of daily routines and meetings.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is interpersonal communication?

<p>Interpersonal communication is communication among two or more persons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of communication is characterized by the absence of feedback from the receiver?

<p>One-way communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two-way communication involves active feedback from the receiver to ensure understanding.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of verbal communication?

<p>Oral and written communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain oral communication.

<p>Oral communication is the channel where messages are transmitted in spoken form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe written communication.

<p>Written communication involves the exchange of information in written or printed form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does nonverbal communication (NVC) refer to?

<p>Communication using gestures, facial expressions, and body language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of nonverbal communication? (Select all that apply)

<p>Repeating (A), Replacing (B), Contradicting (C), Controlling (D), Complementary (E), Strengthening (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does kinesics refer to in nonverbal communication?

<p>Kinesics is the study of body movements, focusing on how they express emotions and inner states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Facial expressions are a type of nonverbal communication that are not easily interpreted.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of gestures in nonverbal communication.

<p>Gestures play a crucial role in nonverbal communication, conveying emotions, intentions, and information through body movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Postures are a form of nonverbal communication that can reflect a person's mood, confidence, and even their personality.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define proxemics in the context of nonverbal communication.

<p>Proxemics refers to the study of how individuals utilize and perceive space in their interactions with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Formal communication is based on hierarchies, authority, and established channels within an organization.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of formal communication involves sending messages from subordinates to superiors?

<p>Upward communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe downward communication in organizations.

<p>Downward communication refers to the flow of information from superiors to subordinates within the organizational hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Informal communication is characterized by its structure and formality.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the nature of interpersonal communication.

<p>Interpersonal communication encompasses communication among two or more individuals, fostering relationships and shared understanding between them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communication

The process of transferring messages from source to receiver.

One Way Communication

Communication without feedback from the receiver.

Two Way Communication

Communication that involves feedback from the receiver to the sender.

Verbal Communication

Use of symbols with universal meanings for exchanging messages.

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Oral Communication

Communication in which messages are transmitted in spoken form.

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Written Communication

Communication where information is exchanged in written or printed form.

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Functions of Verbal Communication

Roles like organizing, fulfilling tasks, and expressing needs.

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Nonverbal Communication

Transmission of meaning without oral or written words.

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Kinesics

The study of body movements and their emotional expressions.

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Facial Expressions

Expressions on the face that convey emotions or reactions.

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Gestures

Hand and body movements used to express ideas.

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Paralanguage

The study of voice quality, volume, and speed beyond words.

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Formal Communication

Structured communication based on hierarchy and authority.

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Upward Communication

Messages sent from subordinates to superiors.

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Downward Communication

Flow of information from superiors to subordinates.

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Horizontal Communication

Communication that flows among colleagues at the same level.

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Informal Communication

Less structured communication occurring in day-to-day interactions.

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Interpersonal Communication

Communication between two or more persons.

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Intrapersonal Communication

Internal dialogue occurring within an individual.

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Functions of Nonverbal Communication

Roles like strengthening, replacing, or contradicting verbal messages.

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Proxemics

The study of personal space and distance in communication.

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Postures

The position of the body that communicates attitude or emotion.

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Vocalics

Tone and quality of voice used in communication.

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Haptics

The use of touch to convey messages in communication.

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Chronemics

The study of time in communication contexts, like punctuality.

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Oculesics

The study of eye behavior in communication.

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Contradicting

When nonverbal signals contradict verbal messages.

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Replacing

Using nonverbal communication instead of verbal messages.

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Complementary

When nonverbal signals add emphasis to verbal messages.

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Strengthening

Using nonverbal cues to enhance the message clarity.

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Types of Communication

Different methods through which messages are conveyed.

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Verbal Communication Types

Includes oral and written forms of messaging using symbols.

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Nonverbal Communication (NVC)

Meaning transmitted through cues other than words, like body language.

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Contradicting Nonverbal Signals

When body language opposes verbal messages.

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Replacing Verbal Messages

Using nonverbal cues instead of words to communicate.

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Strengthening Verbal Messages

Using nonverbal signals to enhance clarity of spoken words.

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Complementary Nonverbal Signals

Nonverbal actions adding support to what is said verbally.

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Body Posture Impact

How the position of the body affects communication effectiveness.

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Contextual Elements of Nonverbal Communication

Aspects like environment affect how messages are perceived.

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Study Notes

Communication Overview

  • Communication is the process of transferring messages from a source to a receiver.
  • Rogers & Shoemaker defined it as "the process by which messages are transferred from source to a receiver."

Types of Communication

One-Way Communication

  • One-way communication has no feedback from the receiver.
  • An example is a teacher lecturing to students.

Two-Way Communication

  • Two-way communication involves feedback from the receiver, which helps ensure the message is understood correctly.
  • This form of communication enhances clarity and comprehension.

Verbal Communication

  • Verbal communication uses symbols with universal meanings to convey meaning.
  • Two main types: oral and written.

Oral Communication

  • Oral communication transmits messages through spoken words.
  • An example is a conversation.

Written Communication

  • Written communication involves exchanging information through written or printed form.
  • Examples include emails and letters.

Functions of Verbal Communication

  • Controlling behavior and events
  • Fulfilling tasks
  • Maintaining relationships
  • Meeting personal needs
  • Acquiring knowledge
  • Expressing events and knowledge

Nonverbal Communication (NVC)

  • Nonverbal communication (NVC) transmits meaning through means other than oral or written words.
  • It conveys information through facial expressions, body posture, kinesics (body movements like gestures), chronemics (the use and perception of time), proxemics (personal space), and appearance.

Functions of Nonverbal Communication

  • Strengthening
  • Complementing verbal communication
  • Contradicting verbal communication
  • Controlling the communication process
  • Repeating verbal communication
  • Replacing verbal communication

Kinesics

  • Kinesics is the study of body movements to determine inner emotions. It analyzes how emotions are displayed through physical motions.

Facial Expressions

  • Different facial expressions can communicate various emotions.

Gestures

  • Gestures are body movements that convey emotions or information.

Posture

  • Postures convey emotional and physical states.

Proxemics

  • Proxemics refers to the study of personal space.
  • Levels of space include intimate, personal, social, and public.

Paralanguage

  • Paralanguage studies voice quality, volume, speed, and the way of speaking (beyond the words).
  • Examples: shaky voice (nervousness), clear voice (confidence)

Types of Formal Communication

Upward Communication

  • Upward communication is a flow of messages from subordinates to superiors.

Downward Communication

  • Downward communication is the flow of messages from superiors to subordinates.

Horizontal Communication

  • Horizontal communication is between colleagues.

Informal Communication

  • Informal communication is unstructured and spontaneous; it often occurs in daily routines and meetings amongst individuals.

Interpersonal Communication

  • Interpersonal communication is a vital element of interactions among two or more people.

Intrapersonal Communication

  • Intrapersonal communication is an internal dialogue occurring within an individual's mind.

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