Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What percentage of the total assessment is assigned to quizzes?

  • 25%
  • 50% (correct)
  • 30%
  • 20%

    • What is the individual contribution of each student to the peer evaluation form?

  • 0% (correct)
  • 15%
  • 10%
  • 5%

    • How many samples must each group member collect during the PsychoPy experiment?

  • 2 samples
  • 3 samples
  • 5 samples
  • 4 samples (correct)

    • What is the penalty for submitting an assignment late beyond 7 days?

    <p>Receive a zero mark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which format must be used for citations and references in this course?

    <p>APA format</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the consequences of not presenting original work?

    <p>Academic dishonesty charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should the group video presentation last?

    <p>20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a make-up quiz is requested without extenuating circumstances?

    <p>The request will be denied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of cognitive psychology in this course?

    <p>How the brain acquires, processes, and outputs information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topic is covered during the first week of the course?

    <p>Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following chapters focuses on Short-term Memory?

    <p>Ch. 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is Quiz 1 scheduled to take place?

    <p>October 9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary textbook for this course?

    <p>Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research, and Everyday Experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topic is NOT explicitly listed among the topics to be covered this semester?

    <p>Emotional Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is scheduled for the week after the first quiz?

    <p>Data collection &amp; Analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of research does the course aim to provide insights into?

    <p>Cognitive psychological research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?

    <p>The study of mental processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Ebbinghaus's research contribute to the field of psychology?

    <p>The savings curve regarding memory retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach did Wundt use to collect data in his studies?

    <p>Analytic introspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of cognitive psychology does decision-making fall under?

    <p>Information processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant finding from Donder's reaction time experiment?

    <p>Different tasks require different amounts of time for decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes attention according to William James?

    <p>A selective process that enhances certain sensory inputs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of conditioning is associated with Watson's Little Albert experiment?

    <p>Classical conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did B.F. Skinner contribute to behaviorism?

    <p>By emphasizing the role of reinforcement in behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Tolman's rat maze experiment demonstrate about rats?

    <p>Rats can develop a cognitive map of their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach to psychology is influenced by advancements in technology such as computers?

    <p>Cognitivism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of higher mental processes, what is a key capability of humans?

    <p>Storing memory for later use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is population coding in the brain?

    <p>A large number of neurons firing simultaneously to create a pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological technique is NOT mentioned as a method used in neuropsychology?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the neurons' axon?

    <p>To transmit impulses away from the soma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain is primarily responsible for the comprehension of words?

    <p>Wernicke's area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sparse coding refer to?

    <p>A small group of neurons firing signals to create a representation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

    <p>Occipital lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hierarchical processing refer to in relation to neurons?

    <p>Gradually passing information from lower to higher areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do researchers typically study the brain's functions?

    <p>Through measurements while presenting various stimuli to participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept explains how environmental stimuli are represented in the brain?

    <p>Neural representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'neural pathways' refer to?

    <p>Specific routes through which neuron signals travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive function is primarily associated with the frontal lobe?

    <p>High-level cognitive processes and coordination of senses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'default mode network' in the context of brain activity?

    <p>Constant low-level background activity even during rest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about localization of function is true?

    <p>Specific brain regions serve distinct functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

    • Cognitive psychology focuses on how the brain acquires, processes, and outputs information.
    • It investigates how cognitive processes are affected by various factors.
    • Cognitive psychology research involves understanding how we learn, remember, think, and perceive the world around us.

    History of Cognitive Psychology

    • Donder's Reaction Time Experiment (1868): Measured the time it takes to make decisions by comparing simple reaction time with choice reaction time.
    • Wundt (1879): Introduced structuralism, suggesting that overall experiences are built from basic elements called sensations. Used analytic introspection, where participants described their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli.
    • Ebbinghaus (1885): Used quantitative methods instead of introspection to study memory. Conducted a memory experiment on himself, measuring the rapid decline of learned information over time using nonsense syllables.
    • William James (1890): Wrote the first psychology textbook, "Principles of Psychology," emphasizing observations of his own experience. He described how attention works by focusing on certain sensory inputs while ignoring others.
    • Behaviorism (1913-1931): Focused on observable behavior, neglecting internal mental processes.
      • Classical Conditioning: Association of stimulus and involuntary response (Watson's Little Albert experiment, Pavlov's Dog experiment).
      • Operant Conditioning: Association of voluntary behavior and consequence (Skinner's Shaping Experiments).
    • Tolman's Rat Maze (1938): Demonstrated that rats developed a cognitive map, suggesting the existence of internal mental representations beyond simple stimulus-response associations.
    • Information Processing Approach: Influenced by the rise of computers and artificial intelligence, it traces mental operations involved in cognition, viewing them as a series of steps.

    The Human Brain

    • Neurons: Basic units of the brain, consisting of dendrites, soma, and axon. Signals travel along these pathways.
    • Synapse: The gap between neurons, where signals are transmitted.
    • Brain Parts:
      • Hindbrain: Controls basic life functions such as breathing and heart rate.
      • Midbrain: Involved in movement, auditory and visual processing, and arousal.
      • Forebrain: Higher cognitive functions and complex processes.
    • Lobes of the Forebrain:
      • Frontal Lobe: Planning, decision-making, language, and higher executive functions.
      • Parietal Lobe: Perception of touch, pressure, and pain.
      • Occipital Lobe: Visual processing.
      • Temporal Lobe: Auditory processing, memory, and language.
    • Neural Representation of Senses:
      • Specificity Coding: Specialized neurons for different stimuli, unlikely to be the brain's primary mechanism.
      • Population Coding: Pattern created by the firing of many neurons simultaneously.
      • Sparse Coding: Pattern created by a small group of neurons firing together.

    Studying Brain Activity

    • Brain Imaging Technologies:
      • Electroencephalography (EEG): Measures electrical activity in the brain.
      • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI): Detects brain activity based on blood flow.
      • Positron Emission Tomography (PET): Uses radioactive tracers to measure brain activity.

    Localization of Function

    • Specific brain regions are responsible for particular functions.
      • Broca's Area: Language production.
      • Wernicke's Area: Language comprehension.

    Distributed Representation

    • Experience is multi-dimensional.
    • Different brain regions work together for diverse cognitive processes.

    Neural Pathways

    • Information travels along specific neural pathways, allowing for coordinated brain activity.

    Neural Networks

    • Complex structural pathways forming "highways" for information transmission.
    • Default Mode Network: Always active, even during rest, potentially explaining mind wandering and subconscious processing.

    Cognitive Psychology as a Field

    • Cognitive psychology allows us to understand the brain's complex workings and explore cognitive processes.
    • Its applications include:
      • Improving learning strategies, marketing campaigns, and cognitive function.
      • Treating disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, speech issues, memory loss, etc.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Cognitive Psychology L1 - Introduction & Cognitive Neuroscience - 2024/25

    Description

    This quiz explores foundational concepts in cognitive psychology, including key historical experiments that shaped the field. Participants will learn about important figures such as Donder, Wundt, and Ebbinghaus, and their contributions to our understanding of cognition. Test your knowledge on how we acquire, process, and retrieve information.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser