36 Questions
What is the empirical treatment for a brain abscess?
Ceftriaxone + Clindamycin
Which pathogen is commonly associated with brain abscesses originating from dental infections?
Bacteroides spp
What is the main complication seen in brain abscess cases that are close to the ventricles?
Rupture into the ventricular system
Which antibiotic combination is recommended for penetrating head trauma cases?
Ceftazidime + Vancomycin
Tachyzoites presence on microscopy is consistent with what condition?
Toxoplasmosis
What is the median survival period for patients with untreated Cryptococcal Meningitis?
9 months
Which bacterial species is often responsible for nosocomial infections causing brain abscesses?
Proteus spp
What is the course duration for subacute meningitis?
1-2 weeks
Which sign is commonly associated with meningismus?
Positive Kernig's sign
What is the approximate mortality rate for acute bacterial meningitis despite optimal treatment?
15-20%
Which condition is characterized by the presence of tachyzoites on microscopy?
Toxoplasmosis
What is the primary complication of brain abscess cases located near the ventricles?
Hydrocephalus
In which part of the brain is the pre & postcentral gyrus located?
Frontal lobe
Which antibiotic regimen is recommended for immunocompetent children over 3 months and adults under 55 years of age with bacterial meningitis?
Cefotaxime + Vancomycin
What antibiotic combination is suggested for adults over 55 years or those with alcoholism or debilitating illnesses who have bacterial meningitis?
Ampicillin + Cefotaxime
Which antibiotic regimen is generally used for hospital-acquired meningitis, post-traumatic meningitis, or in patients with impaired immunity?
Meropenem + Vancomycin
What is the recommended steroid therapy for patients with fulminant bacterial meningitis?
4 milligrams IV every 6 hours for 3-4 days
What is the approximate mortality rate associated with Listeria infections causing bacterial meningitis?
15%
What is the most common route for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to reach the brain in Tuberculous Meningitis?
Hematogenous spread
Which of the following areas of the brain does Tuberculous Meningitis have a predilection for?
Basal cisterns
Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for confirming Tuberculous Meningitis?
AFB culture
What is the usual range of white blood cells found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Tuberculous Meningitis?
10-50 cells/uL; lymphocytic predominance
Which factor is NOT considered a risk factor for Tuberculous Meningitis?
Diabetes mellitus
What is the mortality rate range among adults with Tuberculous Meningitis?
20-57%
What is the characteristic appearance of Toxoplasmosis on imaging?
Crater-like enhancement
Which of the following is NOT a classic manifestation of brain abscess?
Nausea
What is the diagnostic significance of elevated opening pressure in Toxoplasmosis CSF picture?
Associated with Toxoplasmosis
Which medication is prescribed for presumptive treatment in Toxoplasmosis?
Sulfadiazine
What is the duration of treatment for Toxoplasmosis with Sulfadiazine and Pyrimethamine combination?
6 weeks
In low resource regions, what is the alternative medication to Sulfadiazine and Pyrimethamine for treating Toxoplasmosis?
SMX/TMP
What is the recommended treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis induction in HIV-infected individuals?
AmBd 0.7-1.0 mg/kg/d for 4-6 weeks
What is the most common opportunistic CNS infection for patients with a CD4 count of <100 uL?
Toxoplasmosis
What is the median survival with ART treatment for patients with Cryptococcal Meningitis?
15 months
In Cryptococcal Meningitis, what CSF drainage method is suggested to continuously flow and avoid increased ICP and headaches?
Use of lumbar drain
How is Toxoplasmosis usually transmitted to humans?
Contaminated food or water
What clinical manifestation is commonly associated with Toxoplasmosis affecting the temporal lobe?
Seizures
Test your knowledge on acute infectious meningitis, subacute meningitis, viral encephalitis, brain abscess, and more related to infections of the central nervous system. Explore topics like acute bacterial meningitis, viral encephalitis, tuberculous meningitis, and brain abscess.
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