Introduction to C# and .NET 6
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What type of assembly is generated when the provided C# code is compiled?

  • Executable file (.exe)
  • Java archive (.jar)
  • Static library (.lib)
  • Dynamic link library (.dll) (correct)

    • What does the Add() method in the Calc class return?

  • The difference between two integers
  • The sum of two integers (correct)
  • The quotient of two integers
  • The product of two integers

    • Which of the following best describes CIL?

  • A low-level hardware language
  • An application programming interface (API) for C#
  • A language that abstracts the underlying platform-specific instructions (correct)
  • A platform-specific language for compilers

    • Which tool would be used to examine the CIL code generated from the assembly?

    <p>ildasm.exe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the return statement within the Add() method?

    <p>To provide the result of the addition to the caller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context provided, what does '.maxstack 2' indicate in the CIL code?

    <p>The maximum stack size for method calls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming language alternative is mentioned that could achieve the same functionality as the C# example?

    <p>Visual Basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before the program shuts down according to the provided C# code?

    <p>Press the Enter key</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming languages are primarily supported by the .NET platform?

    <p>C#, F#, and VB.NET</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key benefits of the .NET framework regarding language interoperability?

    <p>Cross-language debugging and exception handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Common Type System (CTS) provide for .NET languages?

    <p>A well-defined set of types understood by all .NET languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of the simplified deployment model in .NET?

    <p>Multiple framework versions can coexist on a machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the nature of the .NET platform?

    <p>Language-agnostic and platform-independent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the Common Language Specification (CLS) in the .NET framework?

    <p>It is a set of rules for language interoperability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the base class library (BCL) in the .NET framework?

    <p>It provides thousands of predefined types for various applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of the .NET platform facilitates cross-language integration?

    <p>Cross-language inheritance and exception handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What keyword is used to define a structure in C#?

    <p>struct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a characteristic of structures?

    <p>They can contain fields and methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default storage type for enumerated types in C#?

    <p>32-bit integer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class must all enumerated types derive from in C#?

    <p>System.Enum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary use of delegates in C#?

    <p>To forward method calls between objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What keyword is used to define a delegate in C#?

    <p>delegate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the storage size for an enumeration be changed in C#?

    <p>By specifying a different datatype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the provided delegate example, what signature does the delegate have?

    <p>int BinaryOp(int x, int y)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CLS stand for in the context of .NET languages?

    <p>Common Language Specification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the CLS is true?

    <p>It is aimed at providing a uniform way to access features across languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Rule 1 of the CLS?

    <p>It focuses only on member definitions that are exposed outside the assembly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a method to be CLS compliant?

    <p>Use of unsigned data in parameters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example code provided, why is the first Add() method not CLS compliant?

    <p>It exposes unsigned data as parameters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the second Add() method in the example?

    <p>It is compliant because unsigned data is used only internally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of a type does the CLS focus on for compliance?

    <p>The member definitions exposed outside the assembly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of the CLS in relation to .NET compilers?

    <p>To ensure code can be hosted by the .NET Runtime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of metadata in the .NET runtime environment?

    <p>Providing design-time information to development tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the assembly manifest contain information about?

    <p>External assemblies required for functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a use of .NET metadata?

    <p>Creating user interfaces dynamically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flag describes how members are organized in the Calc class?

    <p>[BeforeFieldInit]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the metadata for the Add() method, what does 'I4' signify?

    <p>The method returns an integer type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tools utilize metadata in the .NET framework?

    <p>Compilers and debugging tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Flags' section in the Calc metadata indicate?

    <p>Visibility and layout characteristics of the class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the compiler play concerning the assembly's manifest?

    <p>It generates the assembly's manifest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which namespace is used for defining types related to file I/O operations?

    <p>System.IO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the System.Reflection namespace?

    <p>To support runtime type discovery and dynamic type creation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which namespace would you use to work with ASP.NET Core web applications?

    <p>System.AspNetCore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which namespace would you find types used for managing multithreading?

    <p>System.Threading.Tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which namespace provides stock container types and interfaces for creating custom collections?

    <p>System.Collections.Generic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the System.Linq namespace?

    <p>To program against the LINQ API</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following namespaces is NOT related to System.Windows?

    <p>System.Drawing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which namespace would you use for data compression functionalities?

    <p>System.IO.Compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to C# and .NET 6

    • C# and .NET were introduced in 2002 and have become core software development tools.
    • .NET allows multiple programming languages (C#, VB.NET, F#) to interoperate.
    • .NET Core was launched in 2016, enabling cross-platform support (Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS).
    • .NET 5/6 removed the "Core" designation from the name.
    • C# 10 and .NET 6 were introduced in 2021. C#10 specifically requires .NET 6 or higher.
    • .NET provides features like database access (ADO.NET, Entity Framework), UI development (WPF) and web services(ASP.NET Core).

    .NET Platform Benefits

    • Supports multiple programming languages.
    • Shares a common runtime engine for all compatible languages.
    • Supports cross-language code inheritance, exception handling, debugging.
    • Offers a comprehensive base class library (BCL).
    • Simplifies deployment through framework independence.
    • Uses a command-line interface (CLI) for application development and deployment.

    .NET Support Lifecycle

    • .NET releases are more frequent than .NET Framework.
    • Microsoft uses a Long Term Support (LTS) model.
    • LTS releases are supported for an extended period with only critical fixes.
    • Short Term (Current) support releases are frequently updated.

    Building Blocks of the .NET Platform

    • .NET Runtime: A runtime environment, contains minimal OS/architecture support and base types for .NET
    • Common Type System (CTS): A specification dictating possible data types.
    • Common Language Specification (CLS): A subset of the CTS defining shared types and features across languages.
    • Base Class Libraries (BCL): A collection of pre-defined types for building applications.

    C# Features

    • C# syntax resembles Java, while building on features from other languages like Visual Basic and C++.
    • Supports operators, structures, enumerations, delegates.
    • Implements lambda expressions, anonymous types and LINQ features commonly found in functional languages.
    • Eliminates direct pointer manipulation and uses garbage collection.

    .NET Assemblies

    • .NET executables/libraries are assemblies (files with .dll extension).
    • Assemblies contain CIL (Common Intermediate Language, previously MSIL/CLI), metadata.
    • Metadata describes type characteristics.
    • Manifests contain assembly and version information.

    CIL (Intermediate Language)

    • CIL is an intermediate representation that is platform-independent
    • .NET compilers produce CIL code, that then needs to be JIT-compiled into platform specific instructions.
    • Language independence allows use across different operating systems.

    CTS characteristics

    • Class: A core block of object-oriented programming(OOP), can contain constructors, properties, methods
    • Interfaces: Abstractions containing member definitions (e.g., methods) that classes can implement.
    • Structures: Value-based entities (e.g., points, vectors), lightweight classes
    • Enumerations: Grouping named values, commonly used for distinct categories.
    • Delegates: Similar to function pointers, enabling forwarding calls.

    Global Using statements(new in C# 10)

    • Simplifies referencing types within a file automatically
    • Improves code maintainability and readability.

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    This quiz covers the essentials of C# and .NET 6, exploring their history, features, and advantages in software development. You will learn about cross-platform support, multiple programming languages, and key components like ADO.NET, Entity Framework, and ASP.NET Core. Test your knowledge on the .NET platform and its development ecosystem.

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