Questions and Answers
What is one of the principal objectives of border management?
Which agency is responsible for guarding the India-Pakistan border?
What critical infrastructure project was mentioned for improving connectivity in border areas?
What historical line indicates a disputed territory claimed by China in the Western Sector?
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What is the total length of the India-Pakistan border?
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What was a significant diplomatic measure taken to address border disputes with China?
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Which line represents the longest segment of the India-Pakistan border?
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What significant action did India take in the 1990s regarding its border with Pakistan?
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What is the length of the India-Bangladesh border?
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What major issue is prevalent at the India-Bangladesh border?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Border Management
- Focus on securing borders against hostile interests while facilitating legitimate trade.
- Importance of developing border areas for national security.
- Management involves coordination among multiple agencies: administrative, diplomatic, security, and economic.
Objectives of Border Management
- Ensure national security and effective border management.
- Initiatives include constructing fencing, floodlighting, Border Out Posts, and improving infrastructure.
Border Guarding Forces
- 'One Border, One Border Guarding Force' principle.
- BSF for Bangladesh and Pakistan borders.
- ITBP for the China border.
- SSB for Nepal and Bhutan borders.
- Assam Rifles for Myanmar border.
India-China Border
- Total length: 3,488 km, with disputes in all sectors.
- Historical claim lines: Johnson Line (1865), McDonald Line (1893), and Mc Mohan Line (1914).
- Multiple agreements and discussions to address disputes; last joint working group meeting in 2005.
- India undertaking infrastructure projects like roads and bridges despite objections from China.
India-Pakistan Border
- Total length: 3,323 km, includes Radcliff Line, Line of Control (LoC), and Actual Ground Position Line (AGPL).
- Issues: infiltration, terrorism, drug trafficking, and territorial disputes.
- Counter-measures include fencing, electrified barriers, and establishing border outposts.
India-Bangladesh Border
- Total length: 4,097 km; characterized by diverse geography.
- Past disputes settled with the Land Boundary Agreement in 2014.
- Major issues include illegal immigration and cattle smuggling.
- Initiatives to establish border outposts, fencing, and utilization of technology for surveillance.
India-Nepal Border
- Total length: 1,751 km; an open border since 1950, raising security concerns.
- Disputes exist over territories like Kalapani.
- Measures include road construction and intelligence enhancements to combat crime.
India-Myanmar Border
- Total length: 1,643 km with few disputed pockets.
- Close ethnic ties complicate security measures.
- Drug trafficking issues linked to the Golden Triangle influence.
India-Bhutan Border
- Total length: 699 km; primarily an open border with few disputes.
- Indian insurgent groups have exploited this openness, prompting joint operations for security.
Coastal Security Overview
- Total coastal length: 7,516 km, comprising both mainland and island boundaries.
- Marine Police operate up to 12 nautical miles; the Indian Coast Guard oversees from 12 to 200 nautical miles, and the Indian Navy beyond that.
- Significant economic reliance on maritime trade, with 90% of trade volume transported by sea.
Coastal Security Initiatives
- Establishment of the National Maritime Commission (NMC) for better oversight of maritime security.
- Recent policies and initiatives: 'Act East', 'SAGAR', 'Blue Economy', 'Sagarmala Project', and participation in the QUAD.
- A focus on comprehensively improving maritime and coastal security postures.
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Description
This quiz explores the principles and objectives of border management, emphasizing the balance between national security and facilitating legitimate trade. Key roles of various border guarding forces in India are also highlighted, alongside the complexities surrounding the India-China border.
