Introduction to Biotechnology (DNA Cloning) Quiz

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What is the primary purpose of gene therapy?

To produce proteins from cloned genes
To generate genetically modified bacteria for research purposes
To replace defective genes with normal genes in afflicted individuals (correct)
To insert foreign genes into bacterial cells

In gene therapy, what are HSPCs cultured and modified for before reinfusing them into the patient?

Treatment with chemotherapy agents
Sequencing using Sanger sequencing
Electroporation with guide RNA-Cas protein complexes (correct)
Transduction with retroviral vectors

What is the key requirement for long-lasting effects in gene therapy?

Targeting dividing cells that renew the cell population in tissues (correct)
Use of lentiviral vectors
Delivering genes into gametes
Modifying cells in non-dividing tissues

What is the role of vectors in gene therapy?

To deliver genes into specific types of cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves inserting a gene of interest into a plasmid before putting it into a bacterial cell?

Recombinant DNA technology (D) Signup and view all the answers

What technique is commonly used to amplify DNA segments for various applications in genetic engineering and biotechnology?

$PCR$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of recombinant DNA technology?

To insert hybrid DNA into a host cell for gene expression. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In gene therapy, what is the role of a retroviral vector?

Insertion of therapeutic genes into target cells. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which application is NOT associated with recombinant DNA technology?

Creating transgenic plants for drought resistance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis in molecular biotechnology?

Separating DNA fragments based on size. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which career would be most directly involved in conducting gel electrophoresis?

Quality Control Analyst in a laboratory. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the process of integrating a gene of interest into a host cell?

Transform the plasmid into the host cell. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of genetic engineering in molecular biotechnology?

To optimize the production of useful products by modifying nucleic acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key step in the process of DNA sequencing?

Gel electrophoresis to separate DNA fragments by size (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential application of gene therapy using a retroviral vector?

Treating genetic disorders by replacing defective genes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between recombinant DNA and genetic engineering?

There is no difference, as recombinant DNA and genetic engineering are synonymous terms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in molecular biotechnology?

PCR enables the selective amplification of specific DNA sequences (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key application of biotechnology in the field of human health?

Using gene therapy to treat genetic disorders (C) Signup and view all the answers