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Questions and Answers
What is the aim of using bioinformatics in the disease-based approach for cancer?
Target identification
What does GWAS stand for and how is it used in cancer research?
GWAS stands for Genome Wide Association Study. It associates the presence of particular genetic variations with the onset of the disease, helping identify subpopulations with different patterns in disease progression.
What is the purpose of drug repositioning in the drug-based approach?
Identifying new indications for existing drugs and using them to treat diseases other than the drug's intended disease
How does machine learning contribute to the drug-based approach in identifying potential drug-disease associations?
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What are some of the tools used in the drug-based approach for identifying potential drug targets?
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What is the significance of using bioinformatics in identifying genetic targets in cancer research?
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How does drug repositioning contribute to a faster translation to clinic in drug development?
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Explain the role of machine learning in predicting potential drug-disease associations in the drug-based approach.
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How does GWAS contribute to cancer research in identifying different subpopulations based on genetic variations?
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What is the main aim of the disease-based approach in cancer research using bioinformatics and data science?
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Study Notes
Definition of Bioinformatics
- Bioinformatics is the application of computational tools and analysis to capture and interpret biological data.
- It is an interdisciplinary field that combines computer science, mathematics, physics, and biology.
- Bioinformatics is essential for managing data in modern biology and medicine.
Bioinformatics Approaches
Disease-based Approach
- Dependent on the type of disease under consideration (e.g., cancer, genetic disease, infectious disease).
- Uses data science, machine learning, and statistical approaches to identify abnormal patterns correlating with disease processes.
- Aims to identify key drivers of cancer and determine actionable genetic targets.
Large Repositories for Cancer Data
- ICGC, GDC, and TCGA are large repositories for cancer data.
- Function: better molecular characterization and understanding to search for novel drug targets.
Identifying Genetic Targets
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) associate genetic variations with disease onset.
- GWAS identifies subpopulations with genetic variations showing different patterns in disease progression.
Drug-based Approach
- Drug repositioning and open-source drug discovery.
- Enables faster, cheaper, and more efficient translation to the clinic, with reduced duration.
- Examples: Viagra, Thalidomide.
Machine Learning in Drug-based Approach
- A method of data analysis that automates analytical model building.
- Predicts potential associations between marketed drugs and diseases.
- Utilizes multiple similarities of drugs and disease properties as features.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of bioinformatics, which involves using computational tools to analyze and interpret biological data. Learn about the interdisciplinary nature of this field that combines computer science, mathematics, physics, and biology.
