Questions and Answers
Which of the following elements constitute about 98.5% of body weight?
What is the atomic number of Carbon?
6
Electrons have a positive charge.
False
What are trace elements?
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The simplest form of matter that has unique chemical properties is called an ______.
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Which of the following minerals are important for nerve and muscle function?
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What is the mass of a proton?
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What does the term 'valence electrons' refer to?
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Which of the following is not a biological element?
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What is biochemistry?
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The elements that make up 98.5% of body weight are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and ________.
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All elements in the human body are present in large quantities.
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What do minerals constitute in body weight?
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What is the atomic number of Carbon?
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Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
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An atom is electrically neutral due to equal numbers of protons and neutrons.
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Who proposed the planetary model of atomic structure?
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Electrolytes are needed for ________ and muscle function.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Biochemistry
- Biochemistry focuses on the molecules in living organisms, including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Understanding these molecules is essential for insights into cellular structures, physiology, nutrition, and health.
Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
- Learning outcomes include identifying body elements by their symbols and distinguishing between elements and compounds.
- Importance of minerals in the body includes functions in structure and enzyme activity.
- Radioactivity principles and ionizing radiation hazards should be understood.
- Differentiation between ions, electrolytes, and free radicals is essential.
- Types of chemical bonds must be defined for comprehensive understanding.
The Chemical Elements
- An element is the simplest form of matter with unique chemical properties.
- The atomic number indicates the number of protons in an element's nucleus, determining its identity in the periodic table.
- 24 elements play biological roles, with 6 elements—oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus—constituting 98.5% of body weight.
- Trace elements, while present in minimal quantities, are crucial for various biological functions.
Role of Minerals
- Minerals are inorganic elements sourced from soil, absorbed by plants, and integrated into the food chain.
- Key minerals include calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and sulfur (S), accounting for about 4% of body weight.
- Calcium is vital for structural components such as teeth and bones.
- Mineral salts function as electrolytes necessary for nerve and muscle operations.
Atomic Structure
- Neils Bohr proposed the planetary model of atomic structure in 1913.
- Atoms consist of a nucleus (central core) containing protons (positively charged, 1 amu) and neutrons (neutral charge, 1 amu).
- Atomic mass roughly equals the total count of protons and neutrons within the nucleus.
- Electrons, which have a negative charge and negligible mass, orbit the nucleus in concentric shells.
- An atom maintains electrical neutrality when the count of protons equals the number of electrons, with valence electrons influencing chemical bonding properties.
Introduction to Biochemistry
- Biochemistry focuses on the molecules in living organisms, including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Understanding these molecules is essential for insights into cellular structures, physiology, nutrition, and health.
Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
- Learning outcomes include identifying body elements by their symbols and distinguishing between elements and compounds.
- Importance of minerals in the body includes functions in structure and enzyme activity.
- Radioactivity principles and ionizing radiation hazards should be understood.
- Differentiation between ions, electrolytes, and free radicals is essential.
- Types of chemical bonds must be defined for comprehensive understanding.
The Chemical Elements
- An element is the simplest form of matter with unique chemical properties.
- The atomic number indicates the number of protons in an element's nucleus, determining its identity in the periodic table.
- 24 elements play biological roles, with 6 elements—oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus—constituting 98.5% of body weight.
- Trace elements, while present in minimal quantities, are crucial for various biological functions.
Role of Minerals
- Minerals are inorganic elements sourced from soil, absorbed by plants, and integrated into the food chain.
- Key minerals include calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and sulfur (S), accounting for about 4% of body weight.
- Calcium is vital for structural components such as teeth and bones.
- Mineral salts function as electrolytes necessary for nerve and muscle operations.
Atomic Structure
- Neils Bohr proposed the planetary model of atomic structure in 1913.
- Atoms consist of a nucleus (central core) containing protons (positively charged, 1 amu) and neutrons (neutral charge, 1 amu).
- Atomic mass roughly equals the total count of protons and neutrons within the nucleus.
- Electrons, which have a negative charge and negligible mass, orbit the nucleus in concentric shells.
- An atom maintains electrical neutrality when the count of protons equals the number of electrons, with valence electrons influencing chemical bonding properties.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of biochemistry, including the molecules essential to life such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and nucleic acids. Test your knowledge on the role of chemical elements, ions, and the importance of minerals in bodily functions. Delve into the principles of radioactivity and chemical bonding.
